Ventura B., D. Casarano, C. Notarnicola, M. Janssen, F. Posa, and the Cassini Radar Science Team, 2009, Characterization of Titan surface scenarios by combining SAR images and radiometric data,
EGU 2009, Vienna, Austria, 2009,
Lamanna C., Casarano D., Wasowski J., 2009, Using IKONOS imagery for mapping instability factors and slope failures along a county road (Daunia, Italy),
EGU 2009, Vienna, Austria, 2009,
J. Wasowski (1), C. Lamanna (1), M. Graniczny (2), Z. Kowalski (2), M. Czarnogorska (2), A. Wojcik (3), F.
Bovenga (4), A. Refice (4), D. Conte (5), and R. Nutricato (5), 2009, Subsidence and landslide processes in the Wieliczka area (Poland): insights from PSI and ground data integration,
EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19-24 April, 2009,
Abstract
This work builds upon the earlier Persistent Scatterers SAR Interferometry (PSI) study of the Wieliczka ...
This work builds upon the earlier Persistent Scatterers SAR Interferometry (PSI) study of the Wieliczka area
[1], focused on the detection of long-term subsidence caused by the activity of the ancient Wieliczka Salt Mine
(Unesco Heritage Site, Poland). The SPINUA processing of several tens of ERS images covering the period
1992-2000 has led to the identification of over 3000 radar targets (density about 100 PS/km2) and shown that
the subsiding zone (movements up to 24 mm/yr) corresponds well to the subsurface extent of the salt deposit
and mine works. The Wieliczka area is characterized by a range of ground instability phenomena (subsidence,
landslides, slope creep), as well as variable geological, geomorphological and land cover conditions, and hence
offers an excellent opportunity to test the practical applicability of multi-temporal differential interferometry
techniques. Here we extend the study to the peri-urban and rural areas surrounding the town of Wieliczka and
explore the utility of C-band PSI to investigate landslides and related ground instability phenomena. Furthermore,
we provide a more in depth interpretation of the satellite-borne observations by supplementing the PSI data with
in situ information, including also the data from a local geodetic network consisting of over 1000 benchmarks.
It is shown that i) the PSI-detected ground displacements agree very well with the levelling results and provide
useful complementary data (increased density of measurements); ii) a very small percentage (below 3%) of PS
falls within the landslide limits (in relation to the low degree of urbanization of failure-prone slopes and presence
of vegetation) and relatively little information can be obtained on slope movements.
Furthermore, there is a concentration of large, pre-existing landslides that originate on the north-facing slopes of
the Carpathian overthrust front and descend towards a few km long subsidence bowl in the central-western part
of Wieliczka. The toes of some landslides include several slowly moving PS (within 1 cm/yr), but since they also
overlap the southern part of the subsidence bowl, no straightforward interpretation of the causative processes and
relative hazard assessment are possible without high precision data on the horizontal component of motion. It
should be useful to fulfill this additional data requirement (e.g. by installing a local GPS network), because the
affected area includes buildings and roads that have already suffered damage in the past. Regardless of the exact
cause(s) of the observed PS displacements, the case of concentrated large slides suggests that the changes in the
Wieliczka morphology, linked to the subsidence induced by centuries of mining (lowering of slope base and hence
steepening), have been responsible for the long-lived landsliding on slopes facing the mine area.
Acknowledgements
The ERS images were provided by ESA under the ALOS ADEN 3595 project. The efforts of JW and MG were
supported by the Executive Programme of Scientific and Technological Co-operation between the Republic of
Poland and the Italian Republic (project No. 16, TS). We also thank Z. Zarebski, A. Trzoslo and P. Ulmaniec of
the Wieliczka Salt Mine for providing ground information.
References
[1] J. Wasowski, F. Bovenga, R. Nutricato, D. Conte, A. Refice, Z. Kowalski, and M. Graniczny. 2008. Satellite
Interferometry Reveals Spatial Patterns of Subsidence in the Ancient Wieliczka Salt Mine (UNESCO Heritage
Site, Poland), Proceedings of FRINGE 2007 Workshop, Frascati, Italy, 26-30 Novembre 2007, ESA SP-649,
February 2008 - CDROM.
F. Ungaro and C. Calzolari, 2009, Integrating soil map delineations properties and land use into soil carbon density assessment at regional scale (Emilia Romagna, Italy).,
EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, 2009,
C. Calzolari, F. Ungaro, P. Salvador, and D. Torri, 2009, Effect of compost supplies on soil bulk density and aggregate stability. Results from a six years trial in two experimental fields in Northern Italy,
EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, 2009,
PETRUCCI O., GULLA' G., 2009, A Landslide Event Support Analysis Framework (LESAF) for damage assessment_ some examples from Calabria (Southern Italy,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4523.,
DIODATO N., PETRUCCI O., CECCARELLI M., 2009, Rainstorm hazard problemsolving spatialtime scale invariant process model designing,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4107.,
PETRUCCI O.; PASQUA A.A., 2009, Comparative analysis of rainfall and landslide damage for landslide susceptibility zonation,
EGU meeting, pp. 4090–4090, Vienna, 19-24 April 2009,
PETRUCCI O., POLEMIO M., 2009, Return period of landslides and triggering rainfall_ the experience of a southern Italian region,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4128.,
PETRUCCI O., POLEMIO M., 2009, Landslide recurrence in Calabria (southern Italy): event series in the perspective of climate change,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4413.,
Cola S., Simonini P., Marcato G., Pasuto A., Silvano S., 2009, Influenza di una galleria drenante sullevoluzione della Frana del Tessina,
Incontro Annuale dei Ricercatori di Geotecnica Roma 9 11 Settembre 2009, Roma, 2009,
Calabrò N., Cola S., Marcato G., 2009, Evoluzione della colata del Tessina secondo il metodo SPH,
Congresso Nazionale AIGA, San Giovanni Valdarno (AR), 2009,
Ferrero E., Magagna A., Morando M., Anzenigo A.C., Ruggiero A., Mortara G., 2009, Developing intercultural consciousness in school children_ interaction between schools and museums,
Science and Technology for the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin, Cairo, 2009,
Mortara G., Carton A., Chiarle M., Tamburini A., 2009, Natural instability phenomena_ from hazard to opportunity of cultural tourism the case of the Belvedere glacier (Monte Rosa Group, Italian Alps), an open air museum of international relevance,
Science and Technology for the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin, Cairo, 2009,
Gabriele S., D'Aquila G. and Chiaravalloti F., 2009, A distributed real-time monitoring system for landslide hazard and risk assessement,
NATO Advanced Research Workshop,, pp. 387–394, trento, 2009,
Abstract
The Italian territory, as shown by the recent landslide inventory
carried out after 267/98 National law, ...
The Italian territory, as shown by the recent landslide inventory
carried out after 267/98 National law, is affected by diffuse and high
hydrogeological risks all over the mountainous areas. In most situations, in
presence of high and extensive hydrogeological hazard, traditional "structural"
engineering actions can't be done due their expensive costs. In such conditions
the only viable way to reduce hazard may be pursued by real time territory
monitoring. AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of
Hydrogeological Risk) is a distributed real-time monitoring system created
to control landslide activities in the city of San Martino di Finita, in Calabria
(South of Italy). It can also be easily used for monitoring a wide range of
natural phenomena. AMAMiR is capable of collecting data from heterogeneous
sensors as GPS, inclinometers, ground raingauges, piezometers,
extensometers, etc. All the data are collected and processed in real time and
immediately made available on the web through a special user-friendly portal
that permits also navigation through geocoded maps. AMAMiR system
represents a very cost-effective powerful tool that can be used to support
decision making for public administrations and risk management for civil
protection purposes.
Surian N., Rinaldi M., Pellegrini L., Audisio C., Duci G., Maraga F., Teruggi L., Turitto O., Ziliani L., 2009, Towards a channel evolution model for alluvial rivers in Italy,
27th IAS Meeting of Sedimentologists, Alghero, 2009,
Cotecchia F., Santaloia F., Lollino P., Mitaritonna G., Elia G.,, 2009, Meccanismi di frana in pendii in argille dellItalia Meridionale ed effetti delle precipitazioni meteoriche,
1st Italian Workshop on Landslides Rainfall-Induced Landslides. Mechanism, monitoring techniques and nowcasting models for early warning systems, Napoli, 2009,
Cola S., Calabrò N., Simonini P., Marcato G., Pasuto A., Silvano S., 2009, Analisi dellevoluzione della frana del Tessina per la messa a punto di criteri di previsione,
1st Italian Workshop On Landslides, Napoli, 2009,
Trevisani S., Cavalli M., Marchi L., 2009, Use of geostatistics in the analysis of airborne LiDAR data for a small alpine basin,
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 8 (2009): 152–154.,
Iovine G.; Mangraviti P., 2009, The CA-model FLOW-S* for flow-type landslides_ an introductory account,
18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand and International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, July 2009, pp. 2679–2685, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, JUL 13-17, 2009,
Abstract
Several studies have recently been carried out, aiming at characterising flow-type landslides and suggesting approaches ...
Several studies have recently been carried out, aiming at characterising flow-type landslides and suggesting approaches for planning either active or passive countermeasures. The physics of flow-type landslides includes various complexities of multiphase materials characterised by heterogeneities in time and space. In cases of rapid or extremely rapid phenomena, the prediction of flow movement, and of the likely inundated areas, is usually a severe task, and is therefore important to develop reliable strategies for hazard assessment. Modelling and simulation techniques can be a precious tool for risk assessment and mitigation. Different conceptual approaches, ranging from laboratory experiments to numerical schemes, have recently been proposed. Among them, some are specifically aimed at evaluating the susceptibility or the hazard posed by debris flows. A family of models for simulating flow-type landslides has recently been developed within the frame of a cooperation project between CNR-IRPI and University of Calabria. Such models belong to the class of Cellular Automata (CA) for Macroscopic Fluids. The early releases of the family were quite empirical and simplified, and ignored most of the physical characteristics of the type of landslides under consideration. In the recent releases, the models resulted to be quite robust, did not show problems of numerical instability, allowing to fully incorporate even very-dense DEMs. FLOW-S* is the most recent version of the mentioned CA-family, by far the most physically-constrained. It has been developed by referring to the well-known "equivalent-fluid" and "geotechnical" modelling approaches, by properly transposing their fundamentals into the discrete space-time framework of the macroscopic CA method. In the model, the material moves from a given cell to one of the neighbourhood driven by the gravitational acceleration along the local slope, and affected by dissipative and pressure terms. Momentum conservation is guaranteed, as well as a proper management of collisions; mass conservation depends on processes of entrainment, which may occur along the flow path. Energy conservation depends on selected dissipative processes. Finally, model parameters reflect the CA approach, but are also related to the characteristics of the material involved, and to the type and rheology of the phenomenon. Model performances have been tested against several ideal cases, and by also considering real events recently occurred in Southern Italy. Further tests are being performed by considering data from flume experiments, by employing different types of water-debris mixtures. First results of sensitivity analyses and calibration/validation experiments are encouraging and underline the potential of the model for susceptibility mapping and for hazard mitigation purposes. An introductory account on the employed approach is presented in this paper, with examples of analyses performed by
considering an ideal case (a roughly bi-planar surface), and a real event (the Vallone Favagreca debris flow) triggered on 12 May 2001 near Scilla, in Calabria - Southern Italy.
Iovine G. (1), Iaquinta P. (1), Terranova O. (1), 2009, Emergency management of landslide risk during Autumn-Winter 2008,
18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand and International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, pp. 2686–2693, Cairns, Australia, 13-17 July 2009,
Abstract
The rains fallen in the last Autumn-Winter seasons, abundant and prolonged over wide sectors
of Southern ...
The rains fallen in the last Autumn-Winter seasons, abundant and prolonged over wide sectors
of Southern Italy, confirmed the overall fragility of the territory by triggering a great number of slope
movements and erosive processes, floods along numerous streams, inundation of cultivated fields and of
urbanised sectors, and coastal instabilities induced by sea-storms.
In Calabria, located at the southernmost tip of the boot, the recent geo-hydrological crisis was so severe that
the Italian Government had to declare the "state of emergency" on 30 January 2009. The inheritance of the
Autumn-Winter 2008/2009 extends over large portions of the territory. Among the examined cases, those
characterized by conditions of "imminent danger" to public safety resulted mainly located in the NW sector
of the region, along the Eastern slope of the Coastal Chain, and subordinately along its Western slope facing
the Tyrrhenian Sea. Other villages were also threatened by slope instabilities along the Southern Tyrrhenian
and on the Jonian coasts.
In the present study, the progressive mobilization of a rainfall-induced slope movement threatening the
Southern suburbs of San Benedetto Ullano (Cosenza), activated on 28 January (and still active in early
April), is briefly described. The results of a detailed geomorphologic field survey, repeated in time to
properly recognising the evolution of the phenomenon, combined with the cross-analysis of rainfall data and
superficial displacements at a number of datum points, allowed to support the Major of the village for better
managing the state of geo-hydrological emergency.
The assessment of the scenarios related to the presumable development of the phenomenon is in progress.
The simplified control system, promptly implemented during the first phases of analysis, will be refined in
the next months, based on geological and kinematic data which will be progressively gathered via explorative
drillings and thanks to the installation of essential instrumentations. Accordingly, even the set of provisional
emergency procedures devised from the very beginning of the study will be detailed and may be arranged
into a refined Decision Support System; advices for slope remediation will also be given to the local
administration.
Germani C., Galeazzi C., Parise M. & Sammarco M., 2009, Gli antichi acquedotti sotterranei_ esempi di uso sostenibile delle risorse idriche,
Convegno La crisi dei sistemi idrici_ approvvigionamento agro-industriale e civile, Roma, 2009,
Calò F., Parise M., Ramondini M. & Singhroy V., 2009, Application of DInSAR techniques to the monitoring of intermittent slope movements in the Southern Apennines of Italy,
FRINGE 2009 Workshop Advances in the Science and Applications of SAR Interferometry, Frascati, 2009,
Calò F., Ramondini M. & Parise M., 2009, Implementazione di sistemi di monitoraggio su frane a cinematica intermittente dellAppennino Meridionale,
Incontro Annuale dei Ricercatori di Geotecnica, IARG 2009, Roma, 2009,
PARISE M., BIXIO R., BURRI E., CALOI V., DEL PRETE S., GALEAZZI C., GERMANI C., GUGLIA P., MENEGHINI M., & SAMMARCO M., 2009, The map of ancient underground aqueducts_ a nation-wide project by the Italian Speleological Society,
15th International Congress of Speleology, Kerrville, Texas, USA, 2009,
Inguscio S., Rossi E. & Parise M., 2009, Biogeographical distribution of subterranean fauna in Apulia (Italy) in the context of the palaeo-geographic evolution of the area,
15th International Congress of Speleology, Kerrville, Texas, USA, 2009,
DE WAELE J., LAURITZEN S.E. & PARISE M., 2009, On the origin of dissolution pipes,
15th International Congress of Speleology, Kerrville, Texas, USA, 2009,
Parise M., 2009, Distribution and characteristics of ancient underground aqueducts in Italy,
International Water Association Specialty Conference, 2nd International Symposium on Water and wastewater technologies in ancient civilizations, Bari, 2009,
PARISE M., ALDANA VILAS C., FARFÁN GONZÁLEZ H. & MARANGELLA A., 2009, First outcomes from the Italian-Cuban caving expedition,
3a Convencion Cubana de Ciencias de la Tierra GEOCIENCIAS´ 2009, La Habana (Cuba), 2009,
Cotecchia F., Lollino P., Santaloia F., Vitone C., Mitaritonna G., 2009, A research project for deterministic landslide risk assessment in Southern Italy_ methodological approach and preliminary results,
2nd ISGSR - Int. Symposium on Geotechnical Safety and Risk, Gifu (Giappone), 2009,
Voudouris K.; Kazakis N.; Polemio M.; Kareklas K., 2009, Groundwater vulnerability assessment in Kiti aquifer, Cyprus,
Water Resources Conservancy and Risk Reduction under Climatic Instability, pp. 655–662, Limassol, Cyprus, 25-27/6/2009,
Abstract
Approximately 70% of the population of the earth lives in coastal areas and the majority ...
Approximately 70% of the population of the earth lives in coastal areas and the majority of these people depend on coastal aquifers for freshwater. For this reason the coastal aquifers are vulnerable to pollution and are now recognized as a crucial arena for future progress towards sustainability in world. This paper deals with the assessment of groundwater vulnerability of Kiti aquifer, South Cyprus. The Kiti aquifer, covering an area of about of 30 km2, is situated in the southern part of Cyprus. The elevation is 20 m above sea level. The area is characterized by semi-arid climatic conditions. The groundwater resources are related to the Pleistocene coastal plain and the recent Tremithos river valley deposits. The concept of the groundwater vulnerability is based on the assumption that the physical environment may provide some degree of protection to groundwater against human activities. The DRASTIC method is applied to evaluate aquifer vulnerability. The method was developed by the United State Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a technique for assessing groundwater pollution potential. The acronym DRASTIC corresponds to the initial of the included seven (7) parameters_ Depth (D), Recharge (R), Aquifer media (A), Soil media (S), Topography (T), Impact of the vadose zone media (I), hydraulic Conductivity of the aquifer (C). Determination of the DRASTIC index involves multiplying each parameter weight by its site rating and summing the total. Based on DRASTIC index values a groundwater vulnerability map was illustrated, using a Geographical Information System (GIS). The highest vulnerability values in the Kiti area, covering a large part, are associated with shallow aquifers without great depth of the vadose zone. The results provide important information and the vulnerability map could be used from local authorities and decision makers for groundwater resources management and protection zoning.
Wasowski, J., 2009, Earthquake induced landslides in Italy,
The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-induced Landslides_ An International Conference in Commemoration of 10th Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake, Jhongli City, Taiwan, 21-26.09.2009,
Lollino P., Elia G., Mitaritonna G., Cotecchia F., 2009, Analisi di un meccanismo di riattivazione di frana lenta in pendio argilloso,
Incontro Annuale Ricercatori di Geotecnica, Roma, 2009,
Cascini L., Peduto D., Fornaro G., Lanari R., Zeni G. & Guzzetti F., 2009, Spaceborne radar interferometry for landslide monitoring.,
1st Italian Workshop on Landslides, Naples, 2009,
Brunetti M.T., Peruccacci S., Rossi M., Guzzetti F., Reichenbach P., Ardizzone F., Cardinali M., Mondini A., Salvati P., Tonelli G., Valigi D. & Luciani S., 2009, A prototype system to forecast rainfall induced landslides in Italy.,
1st Italian Workshop on Landslides, Naples, 2009,
Angeli M.G., Gasparetto P. & Pontoni F., 2009, Long term piezometric data analysis to validate landslide models.,
Landslide Processes_ from geomorphologic mapping to dynamic modelling, Strasbourg, France, 6-7 febbraio 2009,
Abstract
During the study of landslides dynamics, one fundamental moment is the definition of the model ...
During the study of landslides dynamics, one fundamental moment is the definition of the model in describing the failure mechanism. In this context, the hydrological process knowledge is one of the most important element to validate the hypothesized model. The long term monitoring system provides us a powerful tool. In fact, annual or multi-annual piezometric series, together with displacement and other data, played a fundamental role on the landslide understanding. The analysis of different types of active landslide, stresses the importance of the knowledge of the hydrological conditions of the slopes before and after the remedial works, respectively to define and validate the landslide model and to asses the role of the remedial works on the stabilization of the landslide.
FEDELE G., CHIARAVALLOTI F., CEDRIC J., 2009, An Algebraic derivative-based approach for the zero-crossings estimation.,
Accepted for pubblication in proceeding of 17th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 09), GLASCOW-SCOTLAND, 2009,
S. GABRIELE, F. CHIARAVALLOTI, G. D'AQUILA, C. TANSI., 2009, Distributed real-time monitoring system to natural hazard evaluation and management_ the AMAMIR system.,
Accepted for pubblication in proceeding of 18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation will be held in Cairns., pp. 2672–2678, AUSTRALIA, 2009,
Abstract
AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of Hydrogeological Risk) is a real-time monitoring
system able to ...
AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of Hydrogeological Risk) is a real-time monitoring
system able to control several heterogeneous remote sensors addressed to a DSS (Decision Support System)
and it is useful to support research activities. The different sensors are assembled through "smart nodes",
geographically distributed, able to manage the local acquisition, the temporary storage and the transmission
of recorded data. Acquired with periodicity of 1 minute, data are stored and trasmitted to Computer Centre if
there are significatice changes controlled by prefixed thresholds. A middle-tie software system automatically
interacts with both "smart nodes" and the central DBMS. The transmission of signals is achieved using
different media and standards_ cable, WiFi, GPRS, ADSL. Each "smart node" is independent and acquires
data in a self-contained way from one or more sensors. Furthermore, it is capable to store data locally and to
transmit them to the data-processing centre, as soon as possible. So far, absences of connectivity or
communication network problems do not affect the whole system and do not cause data loss. The managing
software processes automatically the information collected by the "smart nodes" and sends them to the
Processing Centre. Through a special user-friendly WebGis portal it is possible to query in real time the
DBMS and control the sensors distributed all over the territory in a simple and immediate way. On the
website, data access is subjected to login authorization consequently, without permission data have only
demonstrative purposes. Actually the system is addressed to skilled users. A prototype of AMAMiR has been
built in Calabria, Southern Italy, to monitor a wide and deep landslide in San Martino di Finita, a city crossed
by an active fault. Available sensors measure different data type_ atmospheric parameters (pressure,
temperature, humidity, wind, etc.), ground parameters (rainfall, deformations and rotation of buildings, GPS
baselines, water springs characteristics like turbidity, flow, Ph, conductivity, etc.), underground data
(piezometric level, water soil content, etc.). All the data are collected and processed in real time and they are
immediately available on the web. This monitoring system shows good stability and reliability in managing
remote data. Addressed to a DSS, actually the system is under calibration to find a robust geotechnical model
of the landslide (Zheng et al., 2005). Because of short observation time, still now it is not possible to compare
results of the adopted FEM (Finite Element Model) of PLAXIS© software to verify the correctness of the
adopted soil geotechnical characteristics. AMAMiR system is designed to be easily upgraded and planned to
accommodate different typologies of sensors and a large numbers of "smart nodes". In the AMAMIR
acronyim the adjective "Advanced" deals with the capability of the system to support auto-locating data
loggers that allow an immediate and simple setup of new heterogeneous remote sensors. These auto-locating
data loggers, equipped with small and low-cost GPS, are automatically recognized by AMAMiR structure
and, as soon as they are powered on, start the procedure for automatic localization, transmission, reading and
updating of the central database. Then, the flexibility of the whole system simplifies the increase of remote
sensors and an immediate start up when auto-locating data loggers are used. In general, all data collected by
sensors distributed all over the territory reach the Data Processing Centre through the "smart nodes", where
they are analyzed and processed for an immediate dissemination through the WebGis Portal. AMAMiR could
be implemented to monitor, in real time, a wide range of natural phenomena, like landslides, floods,
earthquakes, etc. It is a powerful tool, very cost-effective, which may be installed everywhere and used to
support the decision making process of local administrators in order to manage the risks and to protect the
population.
Lamanna C., Casarano D., Gigante G., Wasowski J., 2009, Mappatura e studio di fenomeni franosi nel Subappennino dauno con immagini satellitari ad alta risoluzione,
Conferenza Nazionale ASITA, Bari, 2009,
Ventura B., Casarano D., Notarnicola C., Janssen M., Posa F., and the Cassini Radar Science Team, 2009, Combined use of Cassini radar active and passive measurements to characterize Titan morphology,
IGARSS 2009, Città del Capo, Sudafrica, 2009,
Calamita G.,Perrone A., Satriani A., Brocca L., 2009, Misure congiunte di resistività elettrica e contenuto d’acqua del suolo,
28° Convegno Nazionale Gruppo di Gefisica della Terra Solida, pp. 542–543, Trieste, 16-19 Novembre,
Abstract
Il contenuto d'acqua del suolo riveste un ruolo molto importante all'interno del ciclo idrologico
globale della ...
Il contenuto d'acqua del suolo riveste un ruolo molto importante all'interno del ciclo idrologico
globale della Terra ed è di fatto coinvolto in numerosi fenomeni naturali operanti a diverse scale
spaziali. A livello globale, modulando l'evapotraspirazione, entra in gioco in processi di tipo climatico
e meteorologico; a scale spaziali minori, influenza numerosi processi idrolgici e geologici,
quali ad esempio fle piene fluviali e le frane superficiali. Il contenuto d'acqua del suolo è un parametro
che esibisce un'elevata variabilità sia temporale che spaziale in funzione della scala di osservazione;
pertanto, conoscere questa variabilità a differenti scale spaziali è di fondamentale importanza.
Ad oggi, le tecniche disponibili per la stima del contenuto d'acqua sono in grado di fornire
misure puntuali, relative a volumi di supporto molto piccoli, dell'ordine di 0.01 - 1 dm3 circa, o
misure spaziali, relative ad aree molto estese e con un volume di supporto difficilmente definibile,
come quelle ricavate da dati satellitari. Spesso, però, la scala spaziale di cui queste tipologie di dati
sono rappresentative non sono quelle necessarie dal punto di vista applicativo. Inoltre, proprio la
differente rappresentatività delle stime di contenuto d'acqua ottenute applicando queste tecniche di
misura rende il confronto dei risultati quanto meno problematico. Quindi, la necessità di disporre in
maniera routinaria di stime del contenuto d'acqua del suolo ad una scala intermedia evidenzia l'esigenza
di migliorare il legame tra misure a terra e misure in remoto. Una delle possibili vie da seguire
è quella dello sviluppo e dell'applicazione di tecniche e/o metodologie innovative di misura a
terra, in particolare caratterizzate da una migliore risoluzione spaziale.
Frasca M., Turconi L., Savio G., 2009, Analisi della predisposizione geomorfologica del Torrente Ischiator (Vinadio, Cuneo) a processi parossistici di trasporto in massa,
XLVI (2009): 5–16.,
Marcato G.; Pasuto A.; Rivelli F.R., 2009, Mass movements in the Rio Grande Valley (Quebrada de Humahuaca, Northwestern Argentina): a methodological approach to reduce the risk.,
Advances in geosciences (Print) 22 (2009): 59–65. doi_10.5194/adgeo-22-59-2009,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fadgeo-22-59-2009
Abstract
Slope processes such as slides and debris flows,
are among the main events that induce effects ...
Slope processes such as slides and debris flows,
are among the main events that induce effects on the Rio
Grande sediment transport capacity. The slides mainly affect
the slope of the Rio Grande river basin while debris and
mud flows phenomena take place in the tributary valleys. In
the past decades several mass movements occurred causing
victims and great damages to roads and villages and therefore
hazard assessment and risk mitigation is of paramount
importance for a correct development of the area. This is
also an urgent need since the Quebrada de Humahuaca was
recently included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage.
The growing tourism business may lead to an uncontrolled
urbanization of the valley with the consequent enlargement
of threatened areas.
In this framework mitigation measures have to take into
account not only technical aspects related to the physical behaviour
of the moving masses but also environmental and
sociological factors that could influence the effectiveness of
the countermeasures.
Mitigation of landslide effects is indeed rather complex
because of the large extension of the territory and the particular
geological and geomorphological setting. Moreover
the necessity to maintain the natural condition of the area as
prescribed by UNESCO, make this task even more difficult.
Nowadays no in-depth study of the entire area exists,
therefore an integrated and multidisciplinary investigation
plan is going to be set up including geological and geomorphological
investigations as well as archaeological and
historical surveys. The better understanding of geomorphological
evolution processes of the Quebrada de Humahuaca
will bridge the gap between the necessity of preservation and
the request of safety keeping of the recommendation by UNESCO.
Polemio M., Limoni P.P., 2009, Primi risultati del monitoraggio con misure di velocità in un acquifero carsico costiero (Bari, Italia meridionale),
Engineering, hydro, environmental geology 12 (2009): 199–208.,
Abstract
The study area is located in the Murgia plateau which constitutes a large and deep ...
The study area is located in the Murgia plateau which constitutes a large and deep coastal karst aquifer (of Mesozoic age); the predominant rock material of which is either limestone or limestone-dolomite. The aquifer is affected by karst and fracturing phenomena, also well below the sea level, whereas intruded seawater underlies fresh groundwater owing to a difference in density.
The groundwater flow is confined, except on a restricted coastline strip. A strong connection between the increase in salt contamination and the lowering of piezometric levels, which can be ascribed to groundwater overdraft and/or a natural decrease in groundwater recharge, has been recognised in the coastal area.
To contribute to the study of this groundwater and quality degradation phenomena on the basis of affordable data, a surveying station was realised in a well bored for this purpose in the urban area of Bari.
The monitoring started in 2004, using probes equipped with sensors of piezometric head, temperature, specific electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen and Eh. The detailed characterization of vertical variability of flow velocity has been realised with tracer tests realised in the well, using a fluorimeter.
The sampling of groundwater and the laboratory analyses were realised to complete the activity.
The whole data set are analysed highlighting the peculiarities of the selected karst aquifer and of groundwater quality degradation.
Polemio M.; Dragoni W., 2009, I rischi di degrado delle risorse idriche sotterranee_ i fattori idrogeologici, climatici, antropici e i metodi di valutazione_ introduzione,
Engineering, hydro, environmental geology 12 (2009): 3–4.,
Abstract
In Italia le principali risorse idriche sotterranee si rinvengono nei più importanti acquiferi porosi, rinvenibili ...
In Italia le principali risorse idriche sotterranee si rinvengono nei più importanti acquiferi porosi, rinvenibili nelle aree pianeggianti poste tra le valli più ampie e in prossimità delle coste, nonché nei vasti acquiferi carbonatici, costituiti, ad eccezione degli acquiferi pugliesi, dai massicci montuosi alpini e appenninici. Di minore rilevanza quantitativa sono le risorse ubicate in terreni e rocce magmatiche, metamorfiche, o in formazioni terrigene. Se si considera che dal punto di vista altimetrico il 35% del territorio dellItalia settentrionale è da considerarsi di pianura e che tale aliquota scende rispettivamente al 20 e al 9% per il sud e il centro del paese, non sorprende che in Italia settentrionale il prelievo da pozzi fornisce circa l85% del consumo potabile di acque sotterranee e che nel resto di Italia tale aliquota scenda a circa il 40%, prevalendo il contributo degli efflussi sorgivi. Se pure esistono delle differenze geografiche nella distribuzione dei principali tipi di acquifero e nelle modalità di utilizzazione delle risorse, ciò che accomuna lintero territorio è la rilevanza strategica delle risorse idriche sotterranee. Se ancora limitiamo lattenzione al solo uso potabile, il più pregiato e vulnerabile di tale risorsa naturale, si può stimare che in Italia laliquota delle risorse garantite dalle acque sotterranee è circa l80% - 90% del totale. Negli ultimi decenni la crescita demografica ed economica, questultima sostenuta dal ricorso a processi produttivi sempre più complessi e a crescente impatto ambientale, ha determinato due principali tipologie di rischio di degrado. La disponibilità complessiva di risorse idriche sotterranee di buona qualità è sempre più minacciata dal crescente prelievo, in particolare nei periodi più critici, quelli siccitosi, la cui crescente frequenza e gravità sono sempre più spesso da mettersi in relazione al cambiamento climatico in corso. Dal punto di vista qualitativo il crescente numero di centri di pericolo e del carico inquinante potenziale determina condizioni di rischio rilevanti, spesso ignorate o sottostimate per limitata conoscenza dei processi di contaminazione e/o dellintrinseca vulnerabilità degli acquiferi.
Se il complesso della comunità nazionale, andando oltre le fin troppe buone intenzioni che non trovano riscontro nella pratica, sembra prestare sempre minore attenzione alla cura delle risorse idriche, la comunità scientifica, in particolare quella operante nellambito della Geologia Applicata, è invece particolarmente presente in tutti i settori collegati con la protezione e lo sviluppo razionale della risorsa acqua, e ciò a dispetto delle enormi difficoltà derivanti dalla penosa indisponibilità di risorse economiche. Coerente con questa considerazione è da considerarsi lesito dei lavori svolti nellambito della Sessione S1 I rischi di degrado delle risorse idriche sotterranee_ i fattori idrogeologici, climatici, antropici e i metodi di valutazione, tenutasi nellambito del III Congresso Nazionale AIGA, svoltosi a San Giovanni Valdarno, dal 25 al 27 febbraio 2009. Il Convegno è stato articolato in 25 Sessioni, di cui 4 esplicitamente dedicate alle acque sotterranee. In tale contesto, la Sessione S1 ha visto la presentazione di ben 29 contributi. La sessione orale, seguite da un folto pubblico, è stata caratterizzata dalla vivace attenzione dei presenti, attenzione che ha spesso animato approfondite discussioni dei risultati illustrati dai relatori, mentre le sessione poster ha impegnato non poco gli autori in approfondimenti e descrizioni dei risultati. Questo numero speciale raccoglie 18 note proposte dagli autori che hanno partecipato alla Sessione e che hanno concluso positivamente il processo di revisione, svolto per ciascuna nota da almeno due revisori.
Apollaro C.; Bloise A.; De Rosa R.; Marini L.; Miriello D.; Muto F.; Polemio M., 2009, Caratterizzazione idrogeochimica e qualità delle acque di un acquifero ospitato entro rocce metamorfiche nella Calabria nord occidentale,
Engineering, hydro, environmental geology 12 (2009): 95–102. doi_10.1474/EHEGeology.2009-12.0-08.0276,
DOI: 10.1474%2FEHEGeology.2009-12.0-08.0276
Abstract
The work reports the results of a hydrogeological and geochemical investigation carried out for an ...
The work reports the results of a hydrogeological and geochemical investigation carried out for an aquifer hosted into metamorphic rocks in north-western Calabria. The analysis of chemical composition of groundwater and stream waters based on the knowledge of the complex hydrogeological environment together with the discussion of thematic maps allow to define flow domain, groundwater quality, and degradation processes affecting the studied aquifer.
Wasowski J, Bovenga F, Nutricato R, Conte D, Refice A, Graniczny M, Kowalski Z., 2009, Spatial distribution of subsidence in the Wieliczka Salt Mine area as detected through satellite interferometry,
Przeglad Geologiczny 57 (2009): 164–172.,
Abstract
The paper presents the use of the Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ...
The paper presents the use of the Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to
determine magnitude of subsidence in area of the town ofWieliczka. The town is home to a unique salt mine, over 700 years old, one of the best known tourist attractions in Poland. Each year the mine is visited by about 1 million tourists from all over the world and in 1978 UNESCO placed it on its first International List of theWorld Cultural and Natural Heritage. There is direct evidence that the mining has been influencing stability of ground and buildings in the town, which is located above the mine. The application of the PSI SPINUA technique made it possible to identify large number of radar targets (with density exceeding 100 PS/km2), suitable for monitoring ground motion in the Wieliczka area. The results show continuous subsidence with average annual movements ranging from a few millimeter per year to 24 mm/yr in the period 1992-2000. The detected subsiding zone very well corresponds to the extent of the underground salt mine. There are also indications of possible connections between the mine-induced subsidence and the presence of the old large landslides occurring on the north-facing slopes south of the Wieliczka Salt Mine.
Iovine G., Gariano S.L. & Terranova O., 2009, Alcune riflessioni sull’esposizione al rischio da frane superficiali alla luce dei recenti eventi in Italia meridionale.,
Geologi Calabria 10 (2009): 4–31.,
Farfán González H., Dias Guanche C., Parise M., Aldana Vilas C. & Corvea Porras J., 2009, Inventario y caracterización de los escenarios de peligros a la contaminación de las aguas en la Cuenca del Arroyo de Santo Tomás, Viñales, Cuba,
135 (2009).,
Burri E., Germani C., Mancini M., Nucciotti M., Parise M. & Vannini G., 2009, Ain al Ragaye_ a tunnel for exploitation of natural spring in Shawbak Castle (Jordan),
Opera Ipogea 1 (2009): 61–67.,
