Massari, Christian; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso; Tramblay, Yves; Didon-Lescot, Jean François, 2014, Potential of soil moisture observations in flood modelling_ Estimating initial conditions and correcting rainfall,
Advances in water resources 74 (2014): 44–53. doi_10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.08.004,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.advwatres.2014.08.004
Abstract
Rainfall runoff (RR) models are fundamental tools for reducing flood hazards. Although several studies have ...
Rainfall runoff (RR) models are fundamental tools for reducing flood hazards. Although several studies have highlighted the potential of soil moisture (SM) observations to improve flood modelling, much research has still to be done for fully exploiting the evident connection between SM and runoff. As a way of example, improving the quality of forcing data, i.e. rainfall observations, may have a great benefit in flood simulation. Such data are the main hydrological forcing of classical RR models but may suffer from poor quality and record interruption issues. This study explores the potential of using SM observations to improve rainfall observations and set a reliable initial wetness condition of the catchment for improving the capability in flood modelling. In particular, a RR model, which incorporates SM for its initialization, and an algorithm for rainfall estimation from SM observations are coupled using a simple integration method. The study carried out at the Valescure experimental catchment (France) demonstrates the high information content retained by SM for RR transformation, thus giving new possibilities for improving hydrological applications. Results show that an appropriate configuration of the two models allows obtaining improvement in flood simulation up to 15% in mean and 34% in median Nash Sutcliffe performances as well as a reduction of the median error in volume and on peak discharge of about 30% and 15%, respectively.
Romano, Emanuele; Camici, Stefania; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso; Pica, Federico; Preziosi, Elisabetta, 2014, On the variables to be considered in assessing the impact of climate change to alluvial aquifers_ A case study in central Italy,
Procedia engineering 70 (2014): 1430–1440. doi_10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.158,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.proeng.2014.02.158
Abstract
Most of the scientific community agrees that global climate change is occurring with a general ...
Most of the scientific community agrees that global climate change is occurring with a general increase in mean overall temperature (+0.74±0.18°C from 1906-2005) and that the precipitation pattern in Europe is trending toward wetter conditions in the northern region and drier conditions in the southern and central-eastern regions. A much larger uncertainty concerns how the changes in precipitations will impact on the water resources, particularly on the groundwater. The goal of this paper is to investigate the variables to be considered in order to estimate the Sustainable Pumping Rate of an aquifer (SPR) in a context of climate change. For this goal the case study of the Petrignano d'Assisi porous aquifer has been considered, mainly fed by the inflow from the carbonatic ridges and by the effective infiltration; it is exploited since the 1970s through a well field (about 350 l/s). Changes in the precipitation regime could significantly affect the recharge to the aquifer and the related SPR. This study shows the key role played by the interactions of the aquifer with the surface bodies (rivers): in case of a significant decreasing in the effective infiltration, the aquifer system decreases the outflow to the rivers (base flow) leaving almost constant the sustainable pumping rate. 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Zucco, Graziano; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso; Morbidelli, Renato, 2014, Influence of land use on soil moisture spatial-temporal variability and monitoring,
Journal of hydrology (Amst.) (2014). doi_10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.043,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2014.01.043
Abstract
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Camici, S.; Brocca, L.; Melone, F.; Moramarco, T., 2014, Impact of Climate Change on Flood Frequency Using Different Climate Models and Downscaling Approaches,
Journal of hydrologic engineering 19 (2014). doi_10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000959.,
DOI: 10.1061%2F(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000959.
Abstract
The analysis of the climate change impact on flood frequency represents an important issue for ...
The analysis of the climate change impact on flood frequency represents an important issue for water resources management and flood risk mitigation. However, for small/medium catchments (< 1,000 km(2)), the spatial-temporal resolution of global circulation models (GCMs) output is not adequate (> 40,000 km(2)) and downscaling procedures are required. In this paper, two different GCMs selected among the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 models, the Hadley Center Coupled Model, the Parallel Climate Model, and two statistical downscaling approaches, (1) delta change, and (2) quantile mapping, are compared. For the generation of long hourly time series of rainfall, temperature, and discharge, stochastic weather generators coupled with a continuous rainfall-runoff model are employed. Therefore, the frequency of annual maxima rainfall and discharge is projected for the future period 2070-2099 over three small subcatchments in the Upper Tiber River Basin, central Italy. Results reveal that both the GCMs and downscaling methods play a significant role in the determination of the climate change impact for future scenarios, mainly in terms of annual maxima values. By comparing the future (2070-2099) with the baseline period (1961-1990), all GCMs project a decrease of mean annual rainfall (similar to 30%) and an increase of mean annual temperature (similar to 40%). However, in terms of annual maxima (of rainfall and discharge) the results are found to be dependent on the selected GCM and downscaling method. On one hand, through the application of the delta change method, both GCMs project a decrease in the flood frequency curves. On the other hand, if the quantile mapping downscaling method is considered, the Hadley Center Coupled Model 3 projects a decrease in the frequency of annual maxima discharge; the opposite occurs for the Parallel Climate Model. The hydrological characteristics of the study catchments play an important role in the assessment of the climate change impacts. For that, the need to use ensemble GCM results and multiple downscaling methods is underlined. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
Yan, Kun; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Bálint, Gábor; Moramarco, Tommaso; Baldassarre, Giuliano Di, 2014, Exploring the potential of SRTM topography and radar altimetry to support flood propagation modeling_ Danube case study,
Journal of hydrologic engineering 20 (2014). doi_10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001018,
DOI: 10.1061%2F(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001018
Abstract
Flood inundation modeling is one of the essential steps in flood hazard mapping. However, the ...
Flood inundation modeling is one of the essential steps in flood hazard mapping. However, the desirable input and calibration data for model building and evaluation are not sufficient or unavailable in many rivers and floodplains of the world. A potential opportunity to fill this gap is offered nowadays by global earth observation data, which can be obtained freely (or at low cost), such as the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) and radar altimetry. However, the actual usefulness of these data is still poorly investigated. This study attempts to assess the value of SRTM topography and radar altimetry in supporting flood-level predictions in data-poor areas. To this end, a hydraulic model of a 150-km reach of the Danube River was built by using SRTM topography as input data and radar altimetry of the 2006 flood event as calibration data. The model was then used to simulate the 2007 flood event and evaluated against water levels measured in four stream gauge stations. Model evaluation allows the investigation of the usefulness and limitations of SRTM topography and radar altimetry in supporting hydraulic modeling of floods.
Tayfur, Gökmen; Zucco, Graziano; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso, 2014, Coupling soil moisture and precipitation observations for predicting hourly runoff at small catchment scale,
Journal of hydrology (Amst.) 510 (2014): 363–371. doi_10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.045,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2013.12.045
Abstract
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Corato, Giovanni; Ammari, Abdelhadi; Moramarco, Tommaso, 2014, Conventional Point-Velocity Records and Surface Velocity Observations for Estimating High Flow Discharge,
Entropy (Basel, Online) 16 (2014): 5546–5559. doi_10.3390/e16105546,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fe16105546
Abstract
Flow velocity measurements using point-velocity meters are normally obtained by sampling one, two or three ...
Flow velocity measurements using point-velocity meters are normally obtained by sampling one, two or three velocity points per vertical profile. During high floods their use is inhibited due to the difficulty of sampling in lower portions of the flow area. Nevertheless, the application of standard methods allows estimation of a parameter, alpha, which depends on the energy slope and the Manning roughness coefficient. During high floods, monitoring of velocity can be accomplished by sampling the maximum velocity, u(max), only, which can be used to estimate the mean flow velocity, u(m), by applying the linear entropy relationship depending on the parameter, M, estimated on the basis of historical observed pairs (u(m), u(max)). In this context, this work attempts to analyze if a correlation between alpha and M holds, so that the monitoring for high flows can be addressed by exploiting information from standard methods. A methodology is proposed to estimate M from alpha, by coupling the "historical" information derived by standard methods, and "new" information from the measurement of u(max) surmised at later times. Results from four gauged river sites of different hydraulic and geometric characteristics have shown the robust estimation of M based on alpha.
Alvisi S., Barbetta S., Franchini M., Melone F. Moramarco T., 2014, Comparing grey formulations of the velocity-area method and entropy method for discharge estimation with uncertainty,
Journal of hydroinformatics (Online) 16 (2014): 797–811. doi_10.2166/hydro.2013.160,
DOI: 10.2166%2Fhydro.2013.160
Abstract
Two methods, namely the velocity-area method and the entropy method, for assessing with uncertainty discharge ...
Two methods, namely the velocity-area method and the entropy method, for assessing with uncertainty discharge measurements at gauged river sites are analysed and compared; uncertainty is represented through the grey number technique. Two different approaches for the "greyification" of both methods are presented herein. In the first approach, the uncertainty affecting each measurement used to estimate the discharge is characterized by means of a grey number_ all the grey uncertainty components are then combined through the grey mathematic. In the second approach, greyification is applied to the relationship expressing the total uncertainty on the discharge measurement provided by the EN ISO 748 guidelines.
Results of the application of the proposed methods to measurement data pertaining to three different gauged sections of the Tiber river, in central Italy, show that the first greyification approach leads to a broader discharge uncertainty estimate with respect to the second. Furthermore, being the greyification approach and the flow area quantification the same, the velocity-area and entropy methods provide nearly the same estimate of the uncertainty affecting the discharge measurements, i.e. the grey discharges provided by the two methods are very similar. This testifies in favour of the entropy method, which is simpler than the other from an operative viewpoint.
Pierleoni, Arnaldo; Camici, Stefania; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso; Casadei, Stefano, 2014, Climate change and decision support systems for water resource management,
Procedia engineering 70 (2014): 1324–1333. doi_10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.146,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.proeng.2014.02.146
Abstract
The management of water resources always requires more and diverse approaches in which multiple skills ...
The management of water resources always requires more and diverse approaches in which multiple skills and capacities are nested together, especially when critical situations are taken into account, such as climate change scenarios. The SimBaT software is a Decision Support Systems for water resource allocation and management. In this study, SimBaT is applied to the Montedoglio reservoir in the Tiber River Basin (Central Italy). The case study highlights how this methodology can be applied for a proactive management of critical scenarios in periods of drought due to climate change hypothesis. © 2013 The Authors.
Camici, S., Barbetta, S., Moramarco, T., 2014, Case study_ the levee failure along the Foenna stream on 1st January 2006 causing the flooding of Sinalunga urban area (Tuscany region, central Italy).,
Journal of flood risk management (2014). doi_10.1111/jfr3.12137.,
DOI: 10.1111%2Fjfr3.12137.
Abstract
The levee failure event occurred along the Foenna stream (Tuscany region, central Italy) on 1st ...
The levee failure event occurred along the Foenna stream (Tuscany region, central Italy) on 1st January 2006 is here investigated.
The levee body vulnerability to seepage is first assessed through a procedure here proposed and based on a simple vulnerability index. In particular, the index is defined for dimensionless geometry of levee body and related to the probability of occurrence of the levee seepage through the identification of ?fragility curves?. The procedure can be applied for embankments whose soil hydraulic parameters are unknown or partly known. The obtained results indicate that the investigated levee, if intact, would not have to be vulnerable to seepage for the flood event occurred on January 2006 when, instead, the failure happened.
The analysis shows that the failure was likely due to the presence of burrows at middle height of levee body riverside drawing the flow into the embankment triggering the piping phenomenon.
This study indicates that to prevent the failure due to burrows presence, the levees must be actively maintained through both the burrows closing and the capture of wild animals. Finally, considering that scarce data are usually available for this type of events worldwide, this paper aims also to illustrate the collected data in terms of_ maximum stage recorded at a gauged section close to the failure location, status of the levee, evolution of the failure event.
Brocca, Luca; Zucco, Graziano; Mittelbach, Heidi; Moramarco, Tommaso; Seneviratne, Sonia I., 2014, Absolute versus temporal anomaly and percent of saturation soil moisture spatial variability for six networks worldwide,
Water resources research 50 (2014): 5560–5576. doi_10.1002/2014WR015684,
DOI: 10.1002%2F2014WR015684
Abstract
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Manfreda, Salvatore; Brocca, Luca; Moramarco, Tommaso; Melone, Florisa L.; Sheffield, Justin, 2014, A physically based approach for the estimation of root-zone soil moisture from surface measurements,
Hydrology and earth system sciences 18 (2014): 1199–1212. doi_10.5194/hess-18-1199-2014,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fhess-18-1199-2014
Abstract
In the present work, we developed a new formulation for the estimation of the soil ...
In the present work, we developed a new formulation for the estimation of the soil moisture in the root zone based on the measured value of soil moisture at the surface. It was derived from a simplified soil water balance equation for semiarid environments that provides a closed form of the relationship between the root zone and the surface soil moisture with a limited number of physically consistent parameters. The method sheds lights on the mentioned relationship with possible applications in the use of satellite remote sensing retrievals of soil moisture. The proposed approach was used on soil moisture measurements taken from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) and the Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) databases. The AMMA network was designed with the aim to monitor three so-called mesoscale sites (super sites) located in Benin, Mali, and Niger using point measurements at different locations. Thereafter the new formulation was tested on three additional stations of SCAN in the state of New Mexico (US). Both databases are ideal for the application of such method, because they provide a good description of the soil moisture dynamics at the surface and the root zone using probes installed at different depths. The model was first applied with parameters assigned based on the physical characteristics of several sites. These results highlighted the potential of the methodology, providing a good description of the root-zone soil moisture. In the second part of the paper, the model performances were compared with those of the well-known exponential filter. Results show that this new approach provides good performances after calibration with a set of parameters consistent with the physical characteristics of the investigated areas. The limited number of parameters and their physical interpretation makes the procedure appealing for further applications to other regions. © Author(s) 2014.
LUIGI ACETO e OLGA PETRUCCI, 2014, Identification of rainfall triggering damaging hydrogeological events_ a methodological approach applied to Calabria (Italy),
Evolving Water Resources Systems_ Understanding, Predicting and Managing Water-Society Interactions, edited by A. CASTELLARIN, S. CEOLA, E. TOTH, A. MONTANARI, pp. 153–158, 2014,
Abstract
The paper deals with Damaging Hydrogeological Events (DHEs), defined as periods of severe weather affecting ...
The paper deals with Damaging Hydrogeological Events (DHEs), defined as periods of severe weather affecting wide regions for several days, and during which landslides and floods cause economic damage and there are victims. The great variability of DHEs in both space and time is the cause of one of the main problems to solve in performing analyses of these events. Dealing with events affecting wide areas for several days, it is problematic to isolate the rainy days that can be considered as factors triggering the observed damaging phenomena. We develop a methodological approach aiming to select and analyse rainfall events that triggered damage. The analysis allows the highlighting of some seasonal Characteristics of Calabrian DHEs. The approach can be used for an in-depth analysis leading to the identification of both rainfall thresholds for DHE triggering and rain/damage relationships.
Olga Petrucci, Angela Aurora Pasqua, 2014, Historical Climatology of Storm Events in the Mediterranean_ A Case Study of Damaging Hydrological Events in Calabria, Southern Italy,
Storminess and Environmental Change-Climate Forcing and Responses in the Mediterranean Region, edited by N. Diodato and G. Bellocchi eds, pp. 249–268. Dordrecht_ Springer, 2014,
Abstract
In this chapter, based on the data available in a regional database, some
severe damaging hydrogeological ...
In this chapter, based on the data available in a regional database, some
severe damaging hydrogeological events (DHEs) occurred in the last century in
Calabria (Italy) have been described in terms of both triggering rain and damaging
effects. Among the analyzed cases, there are only three long standing events
(1951, 1953 and 1972), while the others are shorter. As far as the triggering rain,
the 1951 and 1953 events are still not surpassed, and fortunately it is the same for
the number of victims. If we consider the event occurred on 2000 as an exception
caused by the negligence of the municipality that allowed a campsite so close to the
river, the number of victims per event shows a decreasing trend. This can be a normal
evolution which occurs in developed countries, where, because of an improving event
management, damage to people tend do decrease and damage to goods to increase.
The seasonality is clear_ the majority of the events occurred between September
and November, which in Calabria are the rainiest months. In terms of damaging
phenomena, landslides were always the most frequent type. Greatest damage,
especially in terms of victims, was caused by floods, the effects of which were
often amplified by sea storms. The interrelations between the different phenomena,
as the relationship between floods and landslides carrying debris into the river
network and the connection between floods and sea storms, confirm that DHEs
have to be studied with a general approach and taking into consideration all the
phenomena and their interrelation which can amplify damage and cause cascading
effects.
GENEVOIS R., TECCA P.R., 2014, Debris flow hazard evaluation and mitigation measures in Cortina d’Ampezzo (North-Eastern Italy).,
IIIth International Conference Debris Flows_ Disasters, Risk, Forecast, Protection, pp. 69–73, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, rUSSIA, 22-26 September 2014,
Abstract
An active debris flow scree seriously threatens the urbanized area of Fiames, near Cortina d'Ampezzo ...
An active debris flow scree seriously threatens the urbanized area of Fiames, near Cortina d'Ampezzo (Dolomites, Italy) and the state road; events up to 30.000 m3 occurred with an almost yearly frequency. Following a 25.000 m3 magnitude debris flow that temporarily dammed the river, a retention basin with a storage capacity of about 15000 m3, was built upstream the state road in 1997. In this study, the effectiveness of the debris basin has been evaluated and new mitigation measures are proposed, regarding to the magnitude of the design debris flow (30000 m3) and the associated hazard and risk.
Lorenzo Marchi, Marco Cavalli, Beatrice Goldin, 2014, Final report – contribution of CNR IRPI,
2014,
Santaloia F.*, Polemio M.*, Limoni P.P.*, Zuffianò L.E.*, Liotta D.**, Casarano D.*, Ardizzone F.*, Dragone V.*, 2014, RAPPORTO DI FATTIBILITÀ TECNICA – 2 DEL SITO PUGLIESE “SANTA CESAREA TERME (LE)” RISORSA GEOTERMICA DI BASSA ENTALPIA,
2014,
Abstract
- ...
-
Arattano M.; Abanco C.; Coviello V.; Hurlimann M., 2014, Processing the ground vibration signal produced by debris flows_ The methods of amplitude and impulses compared,
Computers & geosciences 73 (2014): 17–27. doi_10.1016/j.cageo.2014.08.005,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.cageo.2014.08.005
Abstract
Ground vibration sensors have been increasingly used and tested, during the last few years, as ...
Ground vibration sensors have been increasingly used and tested, during the last few years, as devices to monitor debris flows and they have also been proposed as one of the more reliable devices for the design of debris flow warning systems. The need to process the output of ground vibration sensors, to diminish the amount of data to be recorded, is usually due to the reduced storing capabilities and the limited power supply, normally provided by solar panels, available in the high mountain environment. There are different methods that can be found in literature to process the ground vibration signal produced by debris flows. In this paper we will discuss the two most commonly employed_ the method of impulses and the method of amplitude. These two methods of data processing are analyzed describing their origin and their use, presenting examples of applications and their main advantages and shortcomings. The two methods are then applied to process the ground vibration raw data produced by a debris flow occurred in the Rebaixader Torrent (Spanish Pyrenees) in 2012. The results of this work will provide means for decision to researchers and technicians who find themselves facing the task of designing a debris flow monitoring installation or a debris flow warning equipment based on the use of ground vibration detectors.
COVIELLO VELIO°, ARATTANO MASSIMO°, TURCONI LAURA°, 2014, Detecting debris and mud flow propagation at a distance with a microseismic monitoring network,
EGU General Assembly Conference, pp. 4031–4031, Vienna, 2014,
L. TURCONI, V. COVIELLO, M.R. PALLADINO, M. ARATTANO, G. SAVIO, D. TROPEANO, 2014, Critical rainfall thresholds for debris flow initiation in a small catchment of Western Italian Alps,
15th Biennial Conference Euromediterranean Network of Experimental and Representative Basins, Coimbra, Portugal, 9-13 September, 2014,
Abstract
The present study aims at giving a contribution to the
current state of knowledge concerning rainfall ...
The present study aims at giving a contribution to the
current state of knowledge concerning rainfall conditions
able to activate debris flows in high-altitude mountain
environments. To the purpose, the paper presents some
findings deriving from the monitoring activity in the
Marderello Torrent experimental basin. Marderello Torrent
is a left tributary of Cenischia stream (NW Italian Alps),
with a catchment area of 6.6 km2. Since the early
nineties, the Marderello catchment was chosen for study,
chiefly because of its aptitude to generate muddy and
debris flows with a relatively high frequency_ 31
activations are known to be occurred during the last one
hundred years and, according to the chronicles of the last
three centuries, events with significant volumes are on the
average liable to take place every 3-4 years; furthermore,
minor events may occur even twice per year. Since 1994
the Marderello catchment was equipped with three
meteorological stations, located at different elevations
(3150, 2150 and 830 m a.s.l.), to collect rainfall and other
meteorological data (air moisture, temperature,
atmospheric pressure and wind). In most recent years,
the monitoring network has been further improved and
extended on the alluvial fan, with the installation of one
ultrasonic device, two video-cameras and four
geophones, in order to detect debris flow wave-fronts
depth and time-to-arrival (Turconi et al., 2014). This
equipment was installed in Spring 2013 and on the 17th
July it already allowed to record a mud flow of Marderello
Torrent (Coviello et al., 2014).
High-altitude experimental basins, equipped for debris
flows monitoring and providing long time series of data,
are not frequent in European Alps. Indeed,
instrumentation is subjected to severe technical
challenges in such environments, mainly related to the
extreme weather conditions (e.g. temperature peaks
down to -20ºC, wind strokes, lightening). In such a
context, the Marderello basin, with a twenty-year
sequence of observations, represents a rare exception
and enables to analyse and to compare different
triggering conditions within Mt. Rocciamelone area.
The monitoring activity in the Marderello basin is devoted
to investigate the soil erosion and flood discharge
contribution to the sediment transport process along the
hydrographic network. Based on the available
observations, intense rainfalls, often corresponding with
summer storm events, are the most frequent cause in
debris flows activation. Hence it was necessary to assess
the critical rainfall conditions able to trigger muddy-debris
flows. To identify a kind of "critical rainfall threshold", in
the present study an empirical approach has been used_
empirical methods rely upon the analysis of past rainfall
conditions responsible for landslides activation (Palladino
et al., 2014).
Preliminary analysis of collected data highlights intense
rainfall, with durations between 30 and 45 minutes, are
able to activate both mud flows and debris flows
processes in the Marderello catchment. Rainfall data
deriving from rain gauges at different elevations within the
basin, suggest the lead time of the Marderello catchment
to a overhead cloudburst is about 45-50 minutes.
In order to identify rainfall conditions (duration-intensity
combinations) proving to be critical for mass movements'
activation, rainfall time series were aggregated based on
different time intervals, namely_ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30
minutes. Data analysis allowed the identification of a
minimum critical threshold, corresponding to the rainfall
event occurred on August 2nd 2005_ rainfall intensities
recorded during this event (1.6 mm/5 min÷2 mm/20 min)
mark the lower limit of rainfall conditions able to induce
landslides activation in Marderello catchment.
Rainfall data analysis also draws attention on the
peculiarity of some events_
1) On September 3rd 2011 a rainfall event activated
concomitant multi-surge debris flows along all
tributaries of the Cenischia Valley (Gioglio, Claretto,
Bar and Marderello torrents); based on available
historical information, only two cases with analogous
concomitant activations are documented, in 1947
and 1868 (Turconi and Tropeano, 2008).
2) In the course of 2011 two activations (August 18 and
September 3) were detected with associated rainfall
intensities greater than 9 mm/5 min, never recorded
before in the available time series.
3) On the other side, very important rainfall events,
accounting for 100 mm in one day, have been
recorded without debris flow occurrence.
Such situations put into evidence the complexity and
variability of triggering mechanisms liable to occur in the
same basin, do to the overlapping of different factors in
the control of the activations. This suggests that triggering
mechanisms need for further explanations. One of the
most interesting aspects to take into account is the
catchment capability as a source of debris, able to feed
the mixture during the rainfall events. Currently, the
"catchment-response" of the Marderello basin is surveyed
through a number of devises, able to gain possible
changes in its geo-structural set up, which is particularly
developed at the catchment head (Turconi et al., 2010).
Nevertheless, a bound sediment-source area has not
been identified yet, and the whole catchment, together
with the channel banks, are supposed to be the major
contributors to sediment production.
Arattano M.1, Bertoldi G.4, Cavalli M.2, Comiti F.3, D'Agostino V.4, Theule, J.3, 2014, Comparison of methods and procedures for debris-flow volume estimation,
xii iaeg iNTERNATIONAL cONGRESS, TORINO, Settembre 2014,
Abstract
The estimation of debris-flow magnitude (i.e. volume) is a fundamental task for the design of ...
The estimation of debris-flow magnitude (i.e. volume) is a fundamental task for the design of any hazard mitigation intervention in a mountain channel. The esti-mation may be carried out before the occurrence of a debris flow through methodologies aimed at assessing the debris potential in the basin. It can be carried out through instrumentation deployed along the torrent (radar sensors, ultrasonic sensors, geophones, etc.). Finally, volume estimation may be performed after the occurrence of the phenomenon, surveying the deposits left by the debris flow in the channel, in a possible retention basin or on the fan. The surveys can be carried out through a conventional topographic survey, through a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), by photogrammetric techniques, etc.. Each of them delivers approximated results, due to different reasons. A systematic comparison of the results of these different estimation procedures, carried out simultaneously in the same catchment, might help to better understand their advantages and limitations, to improve their output and to validate and standardize the respective methodologies. An European Territorial Cooperation project, named "Sediment management in Alpine basins_ integrating sediment continuum, risk mitigation and hydropower" (SedAlp), has been recently funded by the Alpine Space programme. An important focus of Sedalp project is on methods and data collection on sediment transport. In this context, one of the activities that is taking place in the pilot area of the Gadria basin (Eastern Italian Alps), consists in the comparison of the different methods and procedures for debris-flow volume esti-mation.
Dutto F. (1), Arattano M. (2), Bacenetti M. (3), Chiarle M. (2), Contrafatto C.(1) Giardino M. (3), Longo F.(1 ), Perotti L. (3), Racca F. (4), Rocci L. (4), Turconi L. (1), 2014, Interactive, 3D Simulation of Natural Instability Processes for Civil Protection Purposes,
IAEG Conference - Engineering Geology for Society and Territory, pp. 125–130, Turin, 15-19 settembre 2014,
Geertsema Marten (1), Hees Menno (1), Chiarle Marta (2), Hayek Jennifer (1), 2014, Debris Flow on a Seasonally Frozen Rupture Surface at Moose Lake, British Columbia,
Landslides in Cold Regions in the Context of Climate Change, pp. 263–270. CH-6330 Cham (ZG): Springer International Publishing, 2014,
Abstract
In early month of November 2007, a 1.4 km debris flow initiated on a steep ...
In early month of November 2007, a 1.4 km debris flow initiated on a steep south-facing slope above Moose Lake in Mount Robson Provincial Park, British Columbia. Snow meltwater was likely concentrated along a shallow seasonally frozen rupture surface, generating high pore water pressure. The debris flow bifurcated into two concentrated gullies before distributing as a debris flood on a snow-covered fan. The debris flow crossed a twin pipeline corridor and came to rest in a ditch against a highway berm. There was no damage to infrastructure. In many ways, the landslide resembles skin flows described in permafrost zones.
Coviello V. (1), De Santis F. (1,2), Chiarle M. (1), Arattano M. (1), Godio A. (2), 2014, Characterization of large mass movements occurred in the Italian Alps using seismic monitoring networks,
Geophysical research abstracts 16 (2014).,
Abstract
Passive seismic monitoring techniques have been profusely adopted to detect seismic sources induced by slope
deformation ...
Passive seismic monitoring techniques have been profusely adopted to detect seismic sources induced by slope
deformation and landslide propagation. Seismic signal processing can provide relevant information on the
dynamics of unstable slopes, and may allow the identification of collapse precursors. Otherwise, seismic sensors
have been used to characterize the volume and propagation velocity of rock-slides and debris-flows. For these
purposes, geophone arrays are usually installed in specific monitoring sites.
However, also a broadband seismic network can be used to identify signals originated by the detachment
and movements of large masses. One advantage of using these networks would be the ability to detect remote
events that might otherwise go unnoticed for weeks or months. Furthermore, even if often recorded at a distance,
the spectral analysis of the low frequency content of the recorded signal may allow a preliminary characterization
of the phenomenon.
We selected five well known large mass movements occurred in the Italian Alps with volumes between
300.000 cubic meter (Monte Rosa rock avalanche, 2007) and 34.000.000 cubic meter (Val Pola rock avalanche,
1987). On average, seismic stations located up to 40 km far from these events were able to detect them, except
for the Val Pola rock avalanche which was recorded at a distance greater than 100 km. As already observed by
other authors, for these phenomena common signal characteristics include emergent onsets on all channels, slowly
decaying tails and a triangular spectrogram shape. For this study we used different ground velocity sensors and
considering the event magnitude, the distance source-receiver and to ensure a flat frequency response we focused
on the 1-40 Hz frequency band. In this work these five large slope instabilities are described and the associated
seismograms are presented and analyzed together with a first discussion of their spectral characteristics.
ANDRIANI G.F., PARISE M. & DI PRIZIO G., 2014, Uncertainties in the application of rock mass classification and geomechanical models for engineering design in carbonate rocks,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 545, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
VATTANO M., PARISE M., BONAMINI M., DI MAGGIO C. & MADONIA G., 2014, The last sinkhole at Marsala_ the 21 November, 2013, event,
3° Workshop Internazionale "Voragini in Italia. I sinkholes e le cavità sotterranee_ ricerca storica, tecniche di studio e d'intervento", pp. 45–45, Roma, 8 maggio 2014,
FESTA V., FIORE A., MICCOLI M.N., PARISE M. & SPALLUTO L., 2014, Tectonics vs karst relationships in the Salento peninsula (Apulia, Southern Italy): implications for a comprehensive land-use planning,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 493–496, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
Pepe M.; Parise M., 2014, Structural control on development of karst landscape in the salento peninsula (Apulia, se Italy)|Strukturni vpliv razvoja kra?kega povr?ja na polotoku salento (Apulija, jv Italija),
Acta carsologica (Spletna izd.) 43 (2014): 101–114.,
Abstract
Apulia region (SE Italy) is particularly prone to karst processes, due to the extensive presence ...
Apulia region (SE Italy) is particularly prone to karst processes, due to the extensive presence of carbonate rocks. Karst marks the whole region, and represents the main landscape features, with a variety of landforms ranging from large-size dolines, to poljes, and fluvial-karstic valleys; given the configuration of Apulia, a great role in the presence of widespread karst features is also played by coastal landforms. The Salento peninsula, in southern Apulia, is characterized by very low relief and cropping out of different types of carbonate rocks, ranging in age from Cretaceous to Quaternary. Recognition of karst features in this setting, and the likely implications for geohazards, is quite difficult, because of the subtleness of the features, and the facility for man to cancel or modify them. Nevertheless, the presence of dolines is definitely a typical aspect of the area, which also implies some consequences in terms of risk to the built-up environment. This work focuses on the area of Barbarano del Capo, where two cover-collapse dolines are well known in the geological literature as Vora Grande and Vora Piccola. Despite the fact that morphometrical and stratigraphical features have already been investigated, few informations are available about the hydro-geomorphological and structural settings of the area. This article presents the results of morphological and structural analyses, aimed to understand the role of tectonics in the development of karst features, and their evolution.
MARGIOTTA S., NEGRI S., PARISE M. & QUARTA T.A.M., 2014, Sinkhole field above karst caves_ detection and analysis through integrated techniques,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 553–558, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
Parise M., 2014, Problematiche di dissesto idrogeologico connesse a cavità di origine naturale e antropica in Puglia,
3° Workshop Internazionale "Voragini in Italia. I sinkholes e le cavità sotterranee_ ricerca storica, tecniche di studio e d'intervento", pp. 37–37, Roma, 8 maggio 2014,
Parise M., 2014, No limits, no boundaries_ a view of karst as the typical transboundary environment,
International Conference and Field Seminar "Karst without boundaries", pp. 392–397, Trebinje, 11-15 June 2014,
CAFARO S., GUEGUEN E., PARISE M. & SCHIATTARELLA M., 2014, Morphostructural analysis of the Alburni carbonate massif, southern Italy_ first results and remarks about the seismo-tectonic hazard,
17th Joint Geomorphological Meeting "The geomorphology of natural hazards_ mapping, analysis and prevention", pp. 45–46, Liege, 30 June - 3 July 2014,
CASO I., D'ANGELO R., PALMA B., PARISE M. & RUOCCO A., 2014, Landslide susceptibility maps in the rock slopes of the Ventotene Island (Latium, Italy),
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 940–945, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
MARANGELLA A., SANNICOLA G. & PARISE M., 2014, La Gravina di Riggio, luogo dell’acqua e dell’uomo,
Montagne 360 (2014): 44–45.,
Parise M., 2014, La frana di Montescaglioso (MT) del 3 dicembre 2013,
Workshop "Soglie Pluviometriche", Bari, 4 marzo 2014,
BOCCHINO B., DEL VECCHIO U., DE NITTO L., LO MASTRO F., MARRAFFA M., MAURANO F., MINIERI G., PARISE M. & RUOCCO M., 2014, Increasing people’s awareness about the importance of karst landscapes and aquifers_ an experience from southern Italy,
International Conference and Field Seminar "Karst without boundaries", pp. 398–405, Trebinje, 11-15 June 2014,
Parise M., Montenegro V., 2014, Guida al carsismo,
2014,
PEPE P., MARTIMUCCI V. & PARISE M., 2014, Geological and geophysical techniques for the identification of subterranean cavities,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 483–487, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
Parise M., 2014, Fenomeni di dissesto idrogeologico (frane, sprofondamenti): terminologia, tipologia, caratteri cinematici. Progetto “Soglie pluviometriche” e sistema SANF. Scheda di rilievo in campo per segnalazione di frane a innesco pluviometrico,
Corso introduttivo alle tematiche di Protezione Civile, Ordine dei Geologi della Puglia - Protezione Civile (Regione Puglia), Bari, 5 aprile 2014,
PARISE M., CLOSSON D., GUTIERREZ F. & STEVANOVIC Z., 2014, Facing engineering problems in the fragile karst environment,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 479–482, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
MARGIOTTA S., NEGRI S., PARISE M. & QUARTA T.A.M., 2014, Evaluating the potentialities of hydro- stratigraphic, geomorphological and geophysical analyses to detect underground cavities,
XII IAEG Congress, pp. 559–562, Torino, 15-19 september 2014,
PALMA B., CALCATERRA D., DI CRESCENZO G., PARISE M. & RUOCCO A., 2014, Engineering-geological approach to a preliminary landslide susceptibility assessment for complex coastal cliffs of volcanic origin_ the case of Ponza island (Italy),
International Conference "Analysis and Management of Changing Risks for Natural Hazards", Padua (Italy), 18-19 November 2014,
Parise M., Garziano G., Santarcangelo S., 2014, Censimento cavità antropiche nel territorio di Ginosa,
2014,
Ceraudo S., Parise M., 2014, Ambiente e paesaggio,
Puglia, edited by Ceraudo G., pp. 21–27. Bologna_ BraDypUS, 2014,
Parise M., 2014, Acquedotti e sistemi di trasporto acque nel bacino del Mediterraneo,
Incontro Nazionale di Speleologia "Puglia underground", Villa Castelli, 30 maggio - 2 giugno 2014,
PARISE M. & VENNARI C., 2014, A subtle and hidden natural hazard_ origin, development and evolution of sinkholes,
17th Joint Geomorphological Meeting "The geomorphology of natural hazards_ mapping, analysis and prevention", pp. 99–100, Liege, 30 June - 3 July 2014,
GUTIERREZ F., PARISE M., DE WAELE J. & JOURDE H., 2014, A review on natural and human-induced geohazards and impacts in karst,
Earth-science reviews 138 (2014): 61–88. doi_10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.08.002,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2014.08.002
Abstract
Karst environments are characterized by distinctive landforms related to dissolution and a dominant subsurface drainage. ...
Karst environments are characterized by distinctive landforms related to dissolution and a dominant subsurface drainage. The direct connection between the surface and the underlying high permeability aquifers makes karst aquifers extremely vulnerable to pollution. A high percentage of the world population depends on these water resources. Moreover, karst terrains, frequently underlain by cavernous carbonate and/or evaporite rocks, may be affected by severe ground instability problems. Impacts and hazards associatedwith karst are rapidly increasing as development expands upon these areas without proper planning taking into account the peculiarities of these environments. This has led to an escalation of karst-related environmental and engineering problems such as sinkholes, floods involving highly transmissive aquifers, and landslides developed on rocks weakened by karstification. The environmental fragility of karst settings, togetherwith their endemic hazardous processes, have received an increasing attention from the scientific community in the last decades. Concurrently, the interest of planners and decision-makers on a safe and sustainable management of karst lands is also growing. This work reviews the main natural and human-induced hazards characteristic of karst environments, with specific focus on sinkholes, floods and slope movements, and summarizes the main outcomes reached by karst scientists
regarding the assessment of environmental impacts and their mitigation.
Jo De Waele, Sandro Galdenzi, Giuliana Madonia, Marco Menichetti, Mario Parise, Leonardo Piccini, Laura Sanna, Francesco Sauro, Paola Tognini, Marco Vattano, Bartolomeo Vigna, 2014, A review on hypogene caves in Italy,
Hypogene Cave Morphologies Conference, pp. 28–30, San Salvador, Bahamas, February 2-7, 2014,
Abstract
Although hypogene cave systems have been described since the beginning of the 20th century, the ...
Although hypogene cave systems have been described since the beginning of the 20th century, the importance in speleogenesis of ascending fluids that acquired their aggressiveness from in-depth sources has been fully realized only in the last decades. Aggressiveness of waters can be related to carbonic and sulfuric acids and the related corrosion-dissolution processes give rise to different types of caves and underground morphologies.
The abundance of hydrothermal springs and associated travertine deposits, and the widespread interaction between volcanic or sub-volcanic phenomena and karst in many sectors of the Italian peninsula are a strong evidence of hypogene speleogenesis. Furthermore, researches on secondary minerals have allowed to discover hypogene caves formed by highly acidic vapors in subaerial environments, also showing that most of these caves have extremely rich mineral associations.
DE WAELE J., GALDENZI S., MADONIA G., MENICHETTI M., PARISE M., PICCINI L., SANNA L., SAURO F., TOGNINI P., VATTANO M. & VIGNA B., 2014, A review on hypogene caves in Italy,
Hypogene cave morphologies, pp. 28–30, Bahamas, 2-7 febbraio 2014,
Garcia, C., Blahut, J., Angignard, M., Pasuto, A.,, 2014, The Importance of the Lessons Learnt from Past Disasters for Risk Assessment.,
Mountain Risks_ from Prediction to Management and Governance, pp. 275–284. Dordrecht_ Springer Science+Business Media, 2014,
