Publications
Publications found: 1555
Applications of UAV Photogrammetric Surveys to Natural Hazard Detection and Cultural Heritage Documentation
Rosamaria Trizzino , Mauro Caprioli , Francesco Mazzone , Mario Scarano, 2017, Applications of UAV Photogrammetric Surveys to Natural Hazard Detection and Cultural Heritage Documentation,
Geophisycal Research Abstract EGU General Assembly vol. 19 (2017).,
Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems are increasingly seen as an attractive low-cost alternative or supplement ...
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems are increasingly seen as an attractive low-cost alternative or supplement to aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry due to their low cost, flexibility, availability and readiness for duty. In addition, UAVs can be operated in hazardous or temporarily inaccessible locations. The combination of photogrammetric aerial and terrestrial recording methods using a mini UAV (also known as "drone") opens a
broad range of applications, such as surveillance and monitoring of the environment and infrastructural assets.
In particular, these methods and techniques are of paramount interest for the documentation of cultural heritage sites and areas of natural importance, facing threats from natural deterioration and hazards. In order to verify the reliability of these technologies an UAV survey and a LIDAR survey have been carried out along about 1 km of coast in the Salento peninsula, near the towns of San Foca, Torre dell' Orso and SantAndrea ( Lecce, Southern Italy). This area is affected by serious environmental hazards due to the presence of dangerous rocky cliffs named "falesie". The UAV platform was equipped with a photogrammetric measurement system that allowed us to obtain a mobile mapping of the fractured fronts of dangerous rocky cliffs. UAV-images data have been processed using dedicated software (Agisoft Photoscan). The point clouds obtained from both the UAV and LIDAR surveys have been processed using Cloud Compare software, with the aim of testing the UAV results with respect to the LIDAR ones. The analysis were done using the C2C algorithm which provides good results in terms of Euclidian distances, highlighting differences between the 3D models obtained from both the survey techiques. The total error obtained was of centimeter-order that is a very satisfactory result.
In the the 2nd study area, the opportunities of obtaining more detailed documentation of cultural goods throughout UAV survey have been investigated. The study area is an ancient Aragonese watchtower of the seventeenth century, located near the Abbey of San Vito in the countryside of Polignano a Mare (in the province of Bari, Southern Italy). The survey has been carried out with an "esacopter" equipped with a CANON EOS 550D. The image processing was carried out with Photogrammetric and Structure from Motion software (Agisoft PhotoScan) and, as a result, a cloud of 524.607 points with a 0.010096 m/pix resolution was obtained starting from 330 nadiral and inclined images. In order to verify the suitability of this technique we carried out also a terrestrial photogrammetric survey using three different photographic media, a reflex camera with integrated GPS, a compact digital camera and a camera of a smartphone. Three data set of image have been obtained and then compared. In conclusion, it is possible to say that the peculiarity of the RPAS photogrammetric survey allowed highlighting some peculiariar features of the tower, such as the presence of a trapdoor and of a chimney at the roof level, not detectable with a terrestrial survey, that could provide essential elements in order to execute restoration works aimed at the recovery of the cultural heritage.
Valutazione del danno da frana per l’analisi di vulnerabilità in un’area urbana del subappennino dauno
F. Cotecchia, P. Lollino, F. Palmisano, F. Santaloia, C. Vitone, 2017, Valutazione del danno da frana per l’analisi di vulnerabilità in un’area urbana del subappennino dauno,
tti del XXVI Convegno Nazionale di Geotecnica - La geotecnica nella conservazione e tutela del patrimonio costruito., Roma, 20-22 Giugno 2017,
Abstract
La valutazione del rischio da frana rappresenta un tema di crescente interesse a causa del ...
La valutazione del rischio da frana rappresenta un tema di crescente interesse a causa del condizionamento dei processi franosi sullo sviluppo socio-economico dei centri urbani e sulle possibilità di conservazione del patrimonio storico-culturale. Con riferimento alle frane a cinematica lenta, le valutazioni di rischio di tipo quantitativo riguardano aspetti prevalentemente connessi alla suscettibilità o, in alcuni casi, alla pericolosità, limitando invece gli studi sulla vulnerabilità strutturale ad analisi di natura pressoché qualitativa. Questo contributo indaga gli effetti dell'interazione tra una classe di frane a cinematica lenta ed il patrimonio costruito sovrastante. Si presentano i risultati dell'applicazione di una metodologia multilivello per l'analisi di vulnerabilità alla scala del centro urbano. L'area di applicazione corrisponde ad un territorio urbanizzato dell'Appennino Dauno ove affiorano successioni torbiditiche tettonizzate. I risultati delle analisi geomorfologiche, geotecniche e strutturali sono confluiti nella 'carta geotecnica del danneggiamento da frana', strumento di supporto per l'analisi di vulnerabilità in aree franose.
WP8 – Report Semestrale -DEFINIZIONE DI PROCEDURE METODOLOGICHE PER L’ANALISI DELL’INSTABILITA’ COSTIERA-
Pagliarulo R., 2017, WP8 – Report Semestrale -DEFINIZIONE DI PROCEDURE METODOLOGICHE PER L’ANALISI DELL’INSTABILITA’ COSTIERA-,
2017,
Abstract
Nell'ambito delle attività di studio del WP8 sono stati effettuati diversi sopralluoghi sia lungo la ...
Nell'ambito delle attività di studio del WP8 sono stati effettuati diversi sopralluoghi sia lungo la costa garganica che quella salentina adriatica al fine di selezionare i due siti da monitorare. . Nell'intento di definire le procedure metodologiche dell'instabilità costiera, oggetto del presente WP 8, si è proceduto ad un primo screening sulle tipologie costiere presenti nella regione e quindi ad una prima suddivisione tra coste rocciose e coste sabbiose. Nell'ambito delle coste rocciose e quindi più suscettibili ai fini della pericolosità di frana si stanno individuando quelle prevalenti e cioè quelle in costa rocciosa bassa e le coste digradanti.
The Apulian region and coastal instability problems
Pagliarulo R., 2017, The Apulian region and coastal instability problems,
, pp. 94–96, 2017,
Abstract
A brief reconstruction of the paleogeographic evolution of Central Mediterranean area has been described to ...
A brief reconstruction of the paleogeographic evolution of Central Mediterranean area has been described to focus the attention to the Southern Apennines thrust belt. The Central Mediterranean area is a complicated puzzle from the point of view of plate tectonics. The instability processes affecting the Apulian coastal areas and the related hazard have been discussed with special reference to the rocky coasts. The rocky cliffs are affected by erosional processes, which are worsened by complex mechanisms of interaction between the gravitational forces and the sea actions, leading to coastal retreats.
Geological outlines of the Apulian Region in the Southern Apennine Arc
Pagliarulo R., 2017, Geological outlines of the Apulian Region in the Southern Apennine Arc,
2017,
Abstract
The geological - structural set up of the Apulian Foreland and the main features ...
The geological - structural set up of the Apulian Foreland and the main features of the geo dynamic evolution of the Southern Italy
Instability processes affecting the Apulian Coastal areas and the related hazard
Pagliarulo R., 2017, Instability processes affecting the Apulian Coastal areas and the related hazard,
2017,
Abstract
Analysis of factors controlling the coastal dynamics, the instability processes affecting the Apulian coastal ...
Analysis of factors controlling the coastal dynamics, the instability processes affecting the Apulian coastal areas and the related hazard within their geomorphological evolution
Coastal hazard on the evolution of archaeological site of Egnathia (Southern Italy)
Pagliarulo Rosa, 2017, Coastal hazard on the evolution of archaeological site of Egnathia (Southern Italy),
III International Workshop " Methods and technologies for Environmental monitoring and modelling_ Emerging Signals, risk perception and management", Matera, September 14-16, 2017,
Abstract
The archaeological site of Egnathia is located along the present Apulian Adriatic coastline. The coastal ...
The archaeological site of Egnathia is located along the present Apulian Adriatic coastline. The coastal hazard that comprises coastal/land processes, past sea level and climatic changes greatly influenced the evolution of the historical place until the abandonment. The ancient ruins, present both emerged and submerged such as docks and harbour, are special markers. They provide a more precise chronological correlation with the events and play a remarkable role in understanding the coastal morphodynamics and past sea level stands. These structures can be considered real archaeo- geodetic bench-marks giving a basic contribution to recognize and correlate paleo sea level and, indirectly pointing out the main climatological events.
During glacial and interglacial periods, sea level has changed due to astronomic, climatic and biological causes. In coastal morphodynamic, the climatic changes have a main role also in the balance between sea and land; that is the destructive and constructive processes caused by sea actions. The coastal morphological evolution of the coastal stretch facing the ancient Egnathia has been reconstructed applying an original numerical model that takes into account the wave motion energies occurred longshore and the flux energy applied by the wind -induced wave actions to the shorelines. The amount of sediments drifted by wave motions and longshore currents, particularly during the storms occurred in the years 1951-2000 has been considered. In consecutive steps, the model defines the energy obtained by each breaker wave to the shoreline. The correlation among the model results, the geological set up, the amount of sediments moved by wave actions and currents, particularly during storms, the chronological data of the archaeological structures and the location and the vicissitudes of the ancient port, allow the reconstruction of the morphological evolution of the area facing the ancient site. The amount of sediments drifted is related to the past climatic conditions. The erosional and depositional phases have greatly controlled the geomorphological changes of the coastline and, as a consequence, also the town-planning choices during the life of the ancient town.
A comprehensive approach to the knowledge of the coastal carbonate aquifers of Adriatic and Ionian Seas
Polemio M., 2017, A comprehensive approach to the knowledge of the coastal carbonate aquifers of Adriatic and Ionian Seas,
44th Annual Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) "Groundwater Heritage and Sustainability", Dubrovnik (Croatia), September 25th to 29th 2017,
Abstract
The increasing groundwater exploitation and contamination risks due to the progressive population growth in coastal ...
The increasing groundwater exploitation and contamination risks due to the progressive population growth in coastal areas are emphasized in the case of carbonate coastal aquifers (CCAs), the peculiarities of which, especially in the Mediterranean basin, constitute a scientific matter of worldwide relevance. The CCAs of the Adriatic and Ionian coasts not only ensure the socio-economic development of the populations but feeds with their spring waters valuable wetland and coastal environments with relevant and highly positive effects on ecosystems. The groundwater resources of CCAs are highly vulnerable, especially if affected by karstic phenomena, to the quality and quantity degradation phenomena, not only for the increasing water demand and the decreasing recharge due to climate changes but also in relation to the sea level changes and the pollutant loads due to the contamination occurred in the whole hydrogeological basins. The aim of this study is to offer a systematic and synoptic view, useful for knowledge, management and forecast purposes, contributing to assure enduring availability of high quality groundwater, conciliating water demand satisfaction with the ecological needs of coastal Adriatic and Ionian environments in which the role of groundwater is very important. A geodatabase, collecting information for all carbonate aquifers present along the Adriatic and Ionian coast, have been created. At the core, there is a Geographic Information System, in which are placed the spatial information regarding the geology of aquifers, hydrogeological and geochemical features, together with specific information concerning groundwater use of CCAs. The added value of this database is the availability of a wide bibliography related to CCAs, together with a schematised summary of key information realised considering available information in the whole geodatabase. Starting from this idea, the cooperation between hydrogeologists experts of different areas, have enabled to focus on some specific areas of peculiar hydrogeological interest, as for the CCAs of Apulia (SE Italy), South-western Slovenia, Western and South Croatia, Montenegrian coast (Boka bay) and Western Greece.
A comprehensive approach to the knowledge of the coastal carbonate aquifers of Adriatic and Ionian Seas
De Giorgio, G.(1), Brencic, M. (2), Matic, N.(3), Radojevic D.(4), Voudouris, K.(5), Zuffianò, L.E.(1), Polemio, M.(1), 2017, A comprehensive approach to the knowledge of the coastal carbonate aquifers of Adriatic and Ionian Seas,
44th Annual Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) "Groundwater Heritage and Sustainability", pp. 361–361, Dubrovnik (Croatia), September 25th to 29th 2017,
Abstract
The increasing groundwater exploitation and contamination risks due to the progressive population growth in coastal ...
The increasing groundwater exploitation and contamination risks due to the progressive population growth in coastal areas are emphasized in the case of carbonate coastal aquifers (CCAs), the peculiarities of which, especially in the Mediterranean basin, constitute a scientific matter of worldwide relevance.
The CCAs of the Adriatic and Ionian coasts not only ensure the socio-economic development of the populations but feeds with their spring waters valuable wetland and coastal environments with relevant and highly positive effects on ecosystems. The groundwater resources of CCAs are highly vulnerable, especially if affected by karstic phenomena, to the quality and quantity degradation phenomena, not only for the increasing water demand and the decreasing recharge due to climate changes but also in relation to the sea level changes and the pollutant loads due to the contamination occurred in the whole hydrogeological basins.
The aim of this study is to offer a systematic and synoptic view, useful for knowledge, management and forecast purposes, contributing to assure enduring availability of high quality groundwater, conciliating water demand satisfaction with the ecological needs of coastal Adriatic and Ionian environments in which the role of groundwater is very important. A geodatabase, collecting information for all carbonate aquifers present along the Adriatic and Ionian coast, have been created. At the core, there is a Geographic Information System, in which are placed the spatial information regarding the geology of aquifers, hydrogeological and geochemical features, together with specific information concerning groundwater use of CCAs. The added value of this database is the availability of a wide bibliography related to CCAs, together with a schematised summary of key information realised considering available information in the whole geodatabase.
Starting from this idea, the cooperation between hydrogeologists experts of different areas, have enabled to focus on some specific areas of peculiar hydrogeological interest, as for the CCAs of Apulia (SE Italy), South-western Slovenia, Western and South Croatia, Montenegrian coast (Boka bay) and Western Greece.
Geochemical and hydrogeological study to identify the source of nitrate in the carbonate groundwater (Southern Italy)
R. COSSU, L.E. ZUFFIANO', P.P. LIMONI, G. DE GIORGIO, P. PIZZARDINI, T. MIANO, D. MONDELLI, R. GARAVAGLIA, C. CARELLA, M. POLEMIO, 2017, Geochemical and hydrogeological study to identify the source of nitrate in the carbonate groundwater (Southern Italy),
Sardinia 2017 / Sixteenth International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, Cagliari, 2 - 6 October 2017,
Abstract
Where the unique natural water resource is groundwater, is the case of wide karstic area, ...
Where the unique natural water resource is groundwater, is the case of wide karstic area, the attention and the susceptibility of local communities and authorities to groundwater risks can be so high to determine relevant misunderstanding due the existence of a number of landfills. For solve this kind of situation, a multi-methodological approach is proposed with the purpose to clarify the role of landfill leakage in terms of groundwater quality degradation risks.
The selected study area (SSA) is narrow portion of a wide and deep coastal karstic aquifer, for these characteristics to be considered a case of high complexity and susceptibility. Mainly nitrate and secondly iron groundwater concentration were considered anomalously high in some well of the SSA, not far from Bari (main town of Apulia, a region of Southern Italy), worried about the potential effects of some landfills located in SSA. Five landfills have operated from 1975, one after the other, using increasing safety and technological devices to reduce risks due to leachate leakages with consequent groundwater quality degradation. The multi-methodological approach, which could be potentially applied worldwide, includes_ the hydrogeological site characterization; the chemical study and the multi-isotope characterization of groundwater and leachate; the land use analysis and the estimation of nitrogen contributions deriving from agricultural activities, focusing on the use of fertilizers; the
mineralogical study of groundwater suspended particles to define the origin of some substances, focusing on iron and manganese, relevant for the SSA. The hydrogeological site characterisation highlighted the local peculiarties of the aquifer.
The chemical study was focused on the most important chemical features (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO4 2-, NO3
-), especially to define geochemical peculiarties, along with some minor chemical elements were taken into account, to define globally the groundwater quality and the leachate characteristics.
The environmental isotopes of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) were used to identify the groundwater provenance and the most relevant geochemical reactions. The oxygen-18 (18O) and deuterium (2H) stable isotopes were used to investigate the origin of water in the aquifer system of the study area. The combination of NO3
- concentration with ?15N-NO3
-
and 18O-NO3
- in groundwater also provides valuable information for identifying the true sources
of anthropoghenic NO3
-. Groundwater and leachate samples were analysed for 13C and Tritium
(3H), completing the framework of knowledge on the role of leachate on groundwater as previous studies have demonstrated that the biogeochemical processes occurring within the landfill environment can produce a unique composition of these isotopes and therefore they can be utilized successfully to delineate the potential leachate influence. The land use analysis highlighted quantity and type of used fertilizers permitting to compare these with groundwater in terms isotopic signature. The mineralogical study demonstred the role of suspend natural parcticle due the presence of terre rosse (red clays) in some groundwater samples.
The approach confirmed globally, meaning with all the defined results, which are not quality degradation effects on the sampled groundwater.
The influence of climate variability and land use variations on the occurrence of landslide events (Subappennino Dauno, Southern Italy)
Teresa Lonigro
Francesco Gentile
Maurizio Polemio, 2017, The influence of climate variability and land use variations on the occurrence of landslide events (Subappennino Dauno, Southern Italy),
Italian journal of engineering geology and environment (Online) (2017): 85–92. doi_10.4408/IJEGE.2017-01.S-08,
DOI: 10.4408%2FIJEGE.2017-01.S-08
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to describe the results of the application of a ...
The aim of the paper is to describe the results of the application of a methodology based both on the use of time series analyses and of geospatial analyses of monthly climatic data (rainfall, wet days, rainfall intensity, and temperature), annual maximum of short-duration rainfall (from 1 hour to 5 days), and historical modification of land use in order to characterise the effects of these variables on the occurrence of landslide events. The methodology was applied in the Subappennino Dauno area, located on the eastern margin of the Southern Apennines thrust belt (Southern Italy).
Despite the decreasing trend of rainfall and rainfall intensity and the increasing trend of temperatures and wet days, there is an increasing trend of landslide occurrence, highlighting the negative effect of anthropogenic modifications and the mismanagement of landslide-prone areas.
This hypothesis was confirmed by comparing the distribution of landslides with the land use variations data (especially urban areas and wooded areas) collected from 1930 to 2006.
THE ROLE OF THE HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL EQUILIBRIUM OF THE UGENTO WETLAND (SOUTHERN ITALY)
Giorgio DE GIORGIO, Livia Emanuela ZUFFIANO', Maurizio POLEMIO, 2017, THE ROLE OF THE HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL EQUILIBRIUM OF THE UGENTO WETLAND (SOUTHERN ITALY),
Flowpath 2017, pp. 134–134, Cagliari, 14/06/207, 16/06/2017,
Abstract
The Ugento Wetland, recognized as a Site of Community Importance (SCI, European Directive 92/43/CEE) from ...
The Ugento Wetland, recognized as a Site of Community Importance (SCI, European Directive 92/43/CEE) from 2005, is a "Regional natural littoral Park" from 2007, located along the Ionian coast, in south-eastern part of Salento (Apulia region). The environmental peculiarities of the Ugento Wetland are due to a complex hydrogeological pattern, the high contribution of groundwater outflow, and to a peculiar dynamic equilibrium with sea, also due to the role of the wide coastal aquifer of Salento. The main objectives of the present research are the definition of the hydrogeological conceptualisation to create a basic knowledge of the physical environment, to be used as a basis for the design of effective management policies of water resources to safeguard the ecological and environmental equilibria, considering the relevant impact of anthropogenic activities. In this area, the human pressure on water resources was detected in terms of surface water pollution, probably due to illegal dumps and the use of fertilizers and nitrogen compound for agricultural purposes, which is the origin of an exponential growth of the floating macro-algae mass in basins. As a consequence, some event of eutrophication triggers the algal growth, the effect of which is the sharp reduction, almost to zero, of the surface water velocity, up to, in some cases, to a widespread fish mortality. Apart from water pollution effects, during the dry season, due to the increase of groundwater discharge, the sharp piezometric decline improves the effects of seawater intrusion on groundwater. A geological and hydrogeological survey and study were realised and merged with the characterisation of the land use modifications back to the fifties. The attention was focused on the analysis of the complex hydrogeological characteristics, which is due to the overlapped effects of shallow and deep aquifers and of their outflow along the coastal area. The focal role of the shallow aquifer, which is predominant and extremely importance for the hydrological balance and so for the ecological equilibria, a specific monitoring groundwater network of quantitative and qualitative parameters was implemented. The merging of hydrogeological factors and anthropogenic modifications was discussed using indicators. Two main macro-indicators, water and soil, were selected. The critical issues related to the management of human activities potentially dangerous for the wetland environment, was considered with the definition of guidelines for their mitigation, based on the discussion of the indicators.
THE EFFECTS OF LOW ENTHALPY GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM ON GROUNDWATER OF THE CESINE WETLAND
Giorgio DE GIORGIO, Michele CHIECO, Livia Emanuela ZUFFIANO', Andrea SOTTANI, Roberto PEDRON, Luca VETTORELLO, Maurizio POLEMIO, 2017, THE EFFECTS OF LOW ENTHALPY GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM ON GROUNDWATER OF THE CESINE WETLAND,
Flowpath 2017, pp. 113–114, Cagliari, 14/06/207, 16/06/2017,
Abstract
The Cesine Wetland represents one of the most valuable wetlands of Apulia. It is located ...
The Cesine Wetland represents one of the most valuable wetlands of Apulia. It is located in Salento, along the Adriatic coast, not far from Lecce. It was recognized as "wetland of international interest"; it became "state natural reserve" and since 1980 it is managed by the "World Wide Fund for nature" (WWF). The protected area, 620 hectares wide, is shaped as a narrow and elongated strip that follows the coastline. It is crossed by numerous artificial channels, some of which represents the inland boundary. The core of the reserve, the eastern sector, includes the brackish water marshes, wooded areas and those of the Mediterranean marquis that give hospitality to the major habitats of community interest. The environmental peculiarities of the Cesine Wetland are due to a complex hydrogeological pattern, the high contribution of groundwater outflow, and to a peculiar dynamic equilibrium with sea, also due to the role of the wide coastal aquifer of Salento. The western part hosts the reclaim activities, where the ancient rural building "Masseria Cesine", used as the wetland visit center. This visit center site was selected for the construction of a low-enthalpy geothermal power plant as part of a pilot project funded by the EU IPA Legend 2007-2013 Adriatic. The pilot plant is a case perhaps unique in a protected wetland, made to check the replicability of geothermal air conditioning systems in environmentally valuable contexts. It was designed and realized for the monitoring of the environmental effects of heat exchange. The geothermal heat pump system consists of two double U-shaped geothermal probes, 200 meters deep, intercepting three aquifers separated by aquiclude levels with different hydraulic and hydrogeochemical characteristics. Piezometric boreholes were realized at different depths and different distances from the system, allowing the estimation of several parameters or measurements of physical variables, including temperature. Hydrogeological conceptualization and periodic measurements support the implementation of a numerical model, designed for future assessment of environmental effects. The heat transport numerical model was developed in FEFLOW, in order to estimate the extension of the thermal plume generated within the aquifers after a long period of heat exchange. The numerical model was developed assigning different values of hydraulic, thermal and geochemical properties to each layer, considering in particular saline concentration of groundwater. The model parameters definition was based on thermal properties of ground samples, Ground Response Test (GRT), groundwater level measurements, temperature logs and groundwater surveys. Initial simulation results contributed to the evaluation of geothermal plant influence on groundwater, a fundamental resource ensuring the existence of wetlands and autochthonous plant and animal species, and confirmed the sustainability characteristics of the heat pump system.
GEODATABASE AND KNOWLEDGE OF COASTAL CARBONATE AQUIFERS OF THE ADRIATIC AND IONIAN SEAS
Giorgio DE GIORGIO, Livia Emanuela ZUFFIANO', Alessia BASSO, Maurizio POLEMIO, 2017, GEODATABASE AND KNOWLEDGE OF COASTAL CARBONATE AQUIFERS OF THE ADRIATIC AND IONIAN SEAS,
Flowpath 2017, pp. 78–78, Cagliari, 14/06/207, 16/06/2017,
Abstract
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with peculiarities ...
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with peculiarities of carbonate coastal aquifers constitute a huge worldwide problem, particularly relevant for coastal aquifers of the Mediterranean basin. Carbonate aquifers in coastal regions are well known to be highly vulnerable, especially if hit by karstic phenomena, to the quality and quantity degradation of groundwater resources, not only for the increasing water demand and the decreasing recharge due to climate changes. The coastal carbonate aquifers of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular the Adriatic and Ionian coast that extend between western Greece and Italy up to the eastern coast of Sicily, not only ensure the socio-economic development of the populations but feeds with spring waters valuable wetland environments with negative effects on ecosystems.
The aim of this study is to offer systematic and synoptic knowledge, useful to management and forecast tools, to assure enduring availability of high quality groundwater, conciliating water demand satisfaction with the ecological needs of coastal environment also in the case of transnational situations. A geodatabase, collecting information for all carbonate aquifers present along the Adriatic and Ionian coast, have been created. At the core, there is a Geographic Information System, in which are placed the spatial information regarding the geology of aquifers, hydrogeological and geochemical features, together with climatic data and specific information concerning past, present and future groundwater use. The availability of tools that allow the integrated analysis of local hydrogeological situations, in reference to the wider areas where they are located, allows numerous applications. The system, in fact, is not only aimed to archiving, querying and mapping, but also to operate spatial analysis and the implementation of calculation systems, to return the hydrogeological conceptual models, supporting both the management of groundwater resources and the knowledge for the protection of coastal environments, and groundwater in general.
http:
Polemio Maurizio, De Giorgio Giorgio, 2017, http:,
2017,
Abstract
Sito Web in cui è possibile visualizzare tramite WEB-GIS i file del Geodatabase inerenti gli ...
Sito Web in cui è possibile visualizzare tramite WEB-GIS i file del Geodatabase inerenti gli acquiferi carbonatici costieri presenti lungo le coste del Mare Ionio e del Mare Adriatico
Point Clouds from different Photographic Sensors for Cultural Heritage Surveying
Caprioli M., Costantino D., Mazzone F., Trizzino R., 2016, Point Clouds from different Photographic Sensors for Cultural Heritage Surveying,
XIV International Forum" World Heritage and Degradation_ Smart Design, Planning and Technologies", Naples, Italy, 16-18 June 2016,
Abstract
In this paper it has been investigated the implementation of a Structure from Motion (SfM) ...
In this paper it has been investigated the implementation of a Structure from Motion (SfM) using a reflex
camera with integrated GPS for documentation and conservation of Cultural Heritage. The SfM provides
a non-invasive approach for the structure representation, without the interaction between the structure
and any operator. In order to verify the suitability of this technique it has been carried out a terrestrial
photogrammetry survey and compared the results with and without use of the Ground Control Points
(GCP) surveyed with the total station and GNSS receiver. The study has been conducted on an ancient
Aragonese watchtower of the seventeenth century, located near the Abbey of San Vito in the
countryside of Polignano a Mare (in the province of Bari, Southern Italy). The elaborations have been
carried out in Agisoft PhotoScan and CloudCompare softwares. The first one has been used for
extracting the point cloud and the second one for comparing the point clouds_ point cloud from integrated
GPS and point cloud from GCP. The use of reflex camera with integrated GPS can release 3D modeling
but the results can be applied for small scales of representation and not for monitoring or metric analysis
EXPERIENCES OF UAV SURVEYS APPLIED TO CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Mauro Caprioli, Rosamaria Trizzino, 2016, EXPERIENCES OF UAV SURVEYS APPLIED TO CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT,
NEW ADVANCED GNSS and 3D SPATIAL TECHNIQUES_ APPLICATIONS to CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, GEOPHYSICS, ARCHEOLOGY and CULTURAL HERITAGE, TRIESTE (Italy), 18 - 20 February 2016,
Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are emerging as a key engineering tool for future environmental survey ...
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are emerging as a key engineering tool for future environmental survey tasks. In particular, the UAV survey techniques allow for a more detailed depiction of the characteristics of the cultural heritage of which our country is so rich. UAV aerial imagery offers both timely (on demand) and more detailed (higher resolution) information than comparable satellite imagery. In the present study the opportunities of obtaining more detailed documentation of cultural goods throughout UAV survey have been investigated. This paper presents the results of UAV surveys carried out in three areas of Apulia territory of great environmental concern. The first study area is an ancient Aragonese watchtower of the seventeenth century, located in the countryside of Polignano a Mare (Bari, Southern Italy). The surveys have been carried out with an "esacopter" equipped with a CANON EOS 550D camera. UAV-images data were processed using dedicated software (Agisoft Photoscan) and as a result, starting from 330 nadiral and inclined images, a cloud of 524.607 points with a 0.0100 m/pix resolution was obtained. The tower's model was extracted from the whole point cloud using ESRI ArcGIS 10.3 software. This kind of survey allowed highlighting some peculiarities of the tower that would not have been detectable with a terrestrial survey. In the 2nd study area several survey techniques and methodologies (Total Station and GNSS receivers, LiDAR and UAV photogrammetric surveys) applied to a limestone quarry have been compared in order to describe accuracies, precisions, precautions, operative difficulties and costs of each one. For each method different algorithms have been used in order to build the respective Digital Terrain Models (DTM). This analysis showed that the obtained DTMs are almost perfectly comparable. Finally, an UAV survey has been carried out along about 1 km of coast in the Salento peninsula (Lecce, Southern Italy). This area is affected by serious environmental risks due to the presence of dangerous rocky cliffs. The UAV platform was equipped with a photogrammetric measurement system that allowed obtaining a mobile mapping of the fractured fronts of dangerous rocky cliffs. The environmental information has been arranged in an ArcGIS platform in order to assess the risk levels. The experiences of UAV surveys carried out in this area confirmed that for inaccessible locations of dangerous rocky bodies the UAV survey coupled with GIS methodology proves to be a key engineering tool for the management of environmental risks.
Using ambient noise to investigate slope instabilities induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Sichuan, China). In_ Landslides and Engineered Slopes. Experience, Theory and Practice
Del Gaudio V., Wasowski J., Luo Y., Huang R., Wang Y., 2016, Using ambient noise to investigate slope instabilities induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Sichuan, China). In_ Landslides and Engineered Slopes. Experience, Theory and Practice,
Landslides and Engineered Slopes - Experience, Theory and Practice, edited by Aversa, L. Cascini, L. Picarelli, C. Scavia, pp. 789–795. Boca Raton_ CRC press, 2016,
Abstract
Ambient noise recordings were acquired at sites affected by slope failures during the Mw
7.9 Wenchuan ...
Ambient noise recordings were acquired at sites affected by slope failures during the Mw
7.9 Wenchuan earthquake of May 12th, 2008 (Sichuan Province, China) in order to investigate the role of
site amplification in slope destabilisation. Data were processed using a technique based on instantaneous
polarisation analysis to derive Rayleigh wave characteristics correlated to site dynamic response properties
like resonance frequencies and maximum amplification directions. These properties can be revealed
by the observation of pronounced peak values of H/V ratios between horizontal and vertical components
of ground motion at site specific frequencies and directions. The analysis results showed that, in comparison
to "reference" sites, where no evidence of a preferential polarisation was observed, ground motions at
most of the sites on slopes were preferentially oriented along directions related to local structural and/or
morphological features (~perpendicular to fault systems, ~parallel or perpendicular to relief elongation).
Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology – Earth Sciences Series, 1-4
Wasowski J., D. Giordan, V. Singhroy, 2016, Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology – Earth Sciences Series, 1-4,
Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology, edited by P.T. Bobrowsky, B. Marker, pp. 1–4. Berlin_ Springer International Publishing AG, 2016,
Abstract
Remote Sensing
New remote sensing technologies can now provide very high
spatial resolution imagery for producing detailed ...
Remote Sensing
New remote sensing technologies can now provide very high
spatial resolution imagery for producing detailed topographic
maps and DEM. Very-high-precision measurements of
ground surface and infrastructure deformations can also be
obtained. Spaceborne radar sensors offer great potential for
multi-scale (from regional scale to site specific) deformation
monitoring because of wide-area coverage and regular schedule
with increasing revisit frequency, while maintaining high
spatial resolution and millimeter precision of measurement.
The high resolutions of the new-generation satellite sensors
imply now the possibility to derive very detailed information
that fits the requirements of engineers and is relevant to many
engineering geology investigations, both in research and
practice.
It is recognized that engineering geologists generally have
limited knowledge of sophisticated remote sensing technologies.
Therefore, a greater opening of the profession to closer
multidisciplinary collaborations is needed to fully benefit
from the enormous quantities of information the innovative
remote sensing can now produce. New collaborations have to
be established, particularly with physicists and electronic
engineers specializing in advanced image/signal processing
and big data management, and geologists with expertise in
interpretation of digital remotely sensed data.
Engineering geology – A fifty year perspective
Juang, Charng Hsein; Carranza-Torres, Carlos; Crosta, Giovanni; Dong, Jia-Jyun; Gokceoglu, Candan; Jibson, Randall W.; Shakoor, Abdul; Tang, Huiming; van Asch, Theo W. J.; Wasowski, Janusz, 2016, Engineering geology – A fifty year perspective,
Engineering geology 201 (2016): 67–70. doi_10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.12.020,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2015.12.020
Abstract
Recently, the Journal, Engineering Geology, celebrated its 50th anniversary.
Engineering Geology (referred to hereinafter as "the ...
Recently, the Journal, Engineering Geology, celebrated its 50th anniversary.
Engineering Geology (referred to hereinafter as "the Journal")
was founded in 1965 with the inaugural issue published in August of
that year. More than 3400 papers have been published in the Journal
since then. To help celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Journal, a
virtual special issue (VSI) that consists of thirty selected papers was
published in 2015 (http://www.journals.elsevier.com/engineeringgeology/).
These papers were selected by the two Chief Editors, Carlos
Carranza-Torres and Charng Hsein Juang, with the assistance from the
publisher, Kate Hibbert. The selection criteria included citations, the balance
of the subjects, and contributions of individuals to the Journal. The
preface of the VSIwaswritten by CharngHsein Juang with contributions
from selected members of the Editorial Board of the Journal. This short
communication, an enlarged version of the preface of the VSI, aims to
summarize the history of the Journal, to discuss the future challenges
faced by the engineering geology communities, and to provide new
horizons for the young practitioners and researchers in this field.
Landslide Research in China
Chen, Zuyu; Meng, Xingmin; Yin, Yueping; Dijkstra, Tom; Winter, Mike; Wasowski, Janusz, 2016, Landslide Research in China,
Quarterly journal of engineering geology and hydrogeology 49 (2016): 279–285. doi_10.1144/qjegh2016-100,
Abstract
On 9 April 2000, a 91 Mm(3) rock avalanche occurred in Linzhi Prefecture, Tibet. The ...
On 9 April 2000, a 91 Mm(3) rock avalanche occurred in Linzhi Prefecture, Tibet. The event was accompanied by a deafening noise, with the rock mass travelling from a maximum elevation of 5132 m and coming to a rest at an elevation of 2163 m. It formed a landslide dam in the Yigong Zangbo River of some 55 m height, impounding a reservoir of some 2 Gm(3) for a period of 62 days after which it emptied in less than 12 h. This event was a forewarning of a period of frequent geological disasters in China during the start of the 21st century. The ensuing Wenchuan earthquake (surface-wave magnitude M-s 8.0; May 2008), Zhouqu debris flow (August 2010) and Ludian earthquake (M-s 6.7; August 2014) led to the Chinese Government renewing its campaign against geological disasters and it has since invested heavily in scientific research to guide efforts to mitigate the impact of such natural disasters. This thematic set on Landslide Research in China was initiated to highlight this research. This paper provides a brief review of three of the featured subjects and accompanies the five papers published in the thematic set.
Spatial analysis of surface deformation distribution detected by persistent scatterer interferometry in Lanzhou Region, China
Xue Y.; Meng X.; Wasowsk J.; Chen G.; Li K.; Guo P.; Bovenga F.; Zeng R., 2016, Spatial analysis of surface deformation distribution detected by persistent scatterer interferometry in Lanzhou Region, China,
Environmental earth sciences (Print) 75 (2016): 1–12. doi_10.1007/s12665-015-4806-8,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs12665-015-4806-8
Abstract
Persistent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PS-InSAR) is a remote sensing method that can be ...
Persistent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry (PS-InSAR) is a remote sensing method that can be used to detect surface deformation, which is an indicator of potential geohazards. By capturing such deformations over time, it is possible to obtain valuable information regarding geohazards such as landslides. This study focused on the use of PS-InSAR to investigate the distribution and causes of surface deformation in the Lanzhou region of Gansu Province in China. Between 2003 and 2010, 41 advanced synthetic aperture radar images were captured by the Envisat satellite and analyzed using PS-InSAR, and the correlation between the observed surface deformation and topographic, geologic, and anthropogenic factors was derived based on a geographic information system platform. It was found that the largest number and highest density of surface deformations occurred at elevations of 1486-1686 m. It was also established that slope ranges of 25°-30° and 35°-40° are threshold values at which surface deformation changes abruptly, and that slopes with north and northwest aspects are most prone to surface deformation. The lithologies most susceptible to surface deformation are clay, sandy soil, and loess. The normalized difference vegetation index indicated that surface deformation occurred most often in areas with sparse vegetation. Anthropogenic activities, e.g., construction and wastewater discharge, could be inferred as causal mechanisms of surface deformation. Comparison of the distributions of geohazards and surface deformation showed considerable consistency, which proves surface deformation can induce geohazards. These results could help governments improve urban planning and geohazard mitigation.
Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica
Polemio M., De Giorgio G., Basso A., Zuffianò L.E., 2016, Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica,
2016,
Abstract
Gli acquiferi costieri di natura carbonatica sono, a scala globale, una fonte primaria di risorse ...
Gli acquiferi costieri di natura carbonatica sono, a scala globale, una fonte primaria di risorse idriche sotterranee, il cui naturale efflusso a mare garantisce il perdurare di pregevoli ma delicati equilibri ecologici, il cui rilievo ambientale e spesso poco noto quanto poco o affatto e apprezzata la dipendenza di tali equilibri dalla stazionarietà degli aspetti qualitativi e quantitativi dei suddetti efflussi.
Al contempo, le aree costiere, nel corso dell'ultimo secolo e, in particolare, nella seconda meta, hanno progressivamente assunto un ruolo di primaria importanza per lo sviluppo socio-economico. A questo fenomeno si e associato con un crescente sviluppo delle attività commerciali, industriali e ricreative legate alla crescente pressione antropica, con conseguente aumento dell'urbanizzazione, e delle infrastrutture stradali e marine, realizzate per lo più senza adeguati criteri di compatibilità territoriale, che hanno determinato un progressivo deterioramento delle condizioni ambientali delle fasce costiere e comunque incrementato il numero di potenziali centri di pericolo per i rischi di inquinamento delle acque sotterranee.
Il crescente utilizzo delle acque sotterranee, l'intrusione marina e il sovrasfruttamento, l'intrinseca ed elevata vulnerabilità di tali acquiferi unitamente alla crescente presenza di potenziali sorgenti inquinanti, fa si che lo studio degli acquiferi costieri divenga sembra più rilevante non solo per il soddisfacimento della domanda idrica ma anche per garantire il duraturo equilibrio ecologico di numerose aree costiere.
Conclusa l'attività sule acque sotterranee che trovano efflusso nel Mar Piccolo di Taranto, l'Unita operativa CNR-IRPI ha intrapreso una nuova attività, di tipo sinottico, sugli acquiferi costieri carbonatici. Focalizzando l'attenzione sul bacino Mediterraneo, l'attenzione e posta agli acquiferi costieri carbonatici presenti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica.
Carta delle classi di permeabilità. Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica
De Giorgio G., Polemio M., 2016, Carta delle classi di permeabilità. Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica,
2016,
Abstract
La Carta delle classi di permeabilità, composta da 6 Tavole, è uno degli ...
La Carta delle classi di permeabilità, composta da 6 Tavole, è uno degli elaborati grafici realizzati nell'ambito delle attività realizzate nello studio degli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica di sette territori nazionali, Italia, Slovenia, Croazia, Bosnia-Erzegovina, Montenegro, Albania e Grecia.
Carta litologica. Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica
De Giorgio G., Polemio M., 2016, Carta litologica. Rapporto sulle attività inerenti gli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica,
2016,
Abstract
La Carta litologica, composta da 6 Tavole, è uno degli elaborati grafici realizzati nell'ambito delle ...
La Carta litologica, composta da 6 Tavole, è uno degli elaborati grafici realizzati nell'ambito delle attività realizzate nello studio degli acquiferi costieri carbonatici posti lungo la costa ionico-adriatica di sette territori nazionali, Italia, Slovenia, Croazia, Bosnia-Erzegovina, Montenegro, Albania e Grecia.
III Technical Report of progress “Groundwater modelling realisation” – Formulation of a framework to guide the development of a numerical groundwater model to estimate the sustainable yield of the main sea level aquifer system
Francesca Santaloia, Domenico Casarano, Nicolò Colombani, Vittoria Dragone, Pier Paolo Limoni, Livia Emanuela Zuffianò, Maurizio Polemio, 2016, III Technical Report of progress “Groundwater modelling realisation” – Formulation of a framework to guide the development of a numerical groundwater model to estimate the sustainable yield of the main sea level aquifer system,
2016,
Abstract
After the two preliminary phases of activities, which included a data exchange and an exchange ...
After the two preliminary phases of activities, which included a data exchange and an exchange of visits of both research groups, this Technical Report is the main part of the activities realised for the Cooperation Covenant "Formulation of a framework to guide the development of a numerical groundwater model to estimate the sustainable yield of the main sea level aquifer system", agreed between the Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection (Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica) of the Italian National Research Council (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR), thereinafter CNR IRPI, and the Maltese Sustainable and Water Conservation Unit of Ministry for Energy and Health, thereinafter SEWCU.
Monitoring and management of coastal karstic aquifers
Polemio M., 2016, Monitoring and management of coastal karstic aquifers,
Giornata di studio e divulgazione scientifica "Lo studio e la tutela delle acque sotterranee", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali dell'Università di Bari, Bari, 25/10/2016,
Abstract
The invited talk is focused on monitoring and management of coastal karstic aquifers, starting from ...
The invited talk is focused on monitoring and management of coastal karstic aquifers, starting from an European overview and focusing on the Apulian experience.
L’esperienza di studio delle piene nel territorio di Bari_ un caso significativo per l’ambiente carsico
Polemio M., 2016, L’esperienza di studio delle piene nel territorio di Bari_ un caso significativo per l’ambiente carsico,
Convegno: BIOGRAFIA DI UN'IDEA: L'insegnamento di Salvatore Puglisi e l'attualità delle Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali, Aula Magna di Agraria, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari, Università di Bari, 9-10/02/2016,
Abstract
Nelle zone carsiche il deflusso fluviale è molto basso in termini di percentuale delle piogge ...
Nelle zone carsiche il deflusso fluviale è molto basso in termini di percentuale delle piogge efficaci; in molti casi, è così raro da considerarsi eccezionale ogni qual volta si verifichi a prescindere dal valore di picco della piena. Tuttavia, molti tipi di processi alluvionali possono essere identificati in un territorio carsico. Discussi i diversi tipi, si considerano le alluvioni relative a un territorio dominato dal carso nudo, con un caso di studio di una zona mediterranea dominata interessata da clima semi-arido, corrispondente in parte alla vasta area urbanizzata di Bari. In questo casi le inondazioni sono rare, brevi e improvvise, ma gli effetti sono spesso molto drammatici. Sono stati utilizzati tre tipi di analisi. L'analisi storica incentrata sulla serie di eventi alluvionali storici, che ha fornito un mezzo per definire il periodo di occorrenza delle piene e i livelli di danno, risultate da porsi in relazione alle principali tappe dello sviluppo delle attività umane. L'analisi idrologica ha considerato lunghe serie temporali di precipitazioni brevi massimi annuali, al fine di valutare il tempo di ritorno delle precipitazioni di breve durata e alta intensità che causano gli eventi di piena. L'analisi geomorfologica ha considerato le precipitazioni meteoriche, le caratteristiche idrogeologiche delle rocce e terreni affioranti e i dati geomorfologici del bacino imbrifero per calcolare le precipitazioni nette o efficaci e le caratteristiche dell'onda di piena. L'analisi storica delle inondazioni e dei danni ha evidenziato quattro periodi di piena, distinti sulla base del periodo di occorrenza e l'entità dei danni. Appare che l'insegnamento fornito da tali eventi catastrofici sia stato rapidamente rapidamente dimenticato. Le analisi di tipo idrologico e geomorfologico hanno mostrato le peculiarità della piena del 2005. Il tempo di ritorno massimo delle precipitazioni per l'evento 2005 è stato dovuto alla eccezionale pioggia cumulata in tre ore. Questo studio dimostra che vi siano le metodologie per stimare le caratteristiche di flusso di picco anche quando le serie temporali di misura del deflusso fluviale non siano disponibili, anche nel caso di territori dominati dal prevalere dell'infiltrazione sul ruscellamento, consentendo in tal modo di migliorare la nostra capacità di prevedere gli effetti di gravi inondazioni anche nelle aree carsiche.
L’esperienza di studio delle piene nel territorio di Bari_ un caso significativo per l’ambiente carsico
Polemio M., 2016, L’esperienza di studio delle piene nel territorio di Bari_ un caso significativo per l’ambiente carsico,
Convegno: BIOGRAFIA DI UN'IDEA: L'insegnamento di Salvatore Puglisi e l'attualità delle Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali, Aula Magna di Agraria, Via Amendola 165/A, Bari, Università di Bari., 9-10/02/2016,
Abstract
Nelle zone carsiche il deflusso fluviale è molto basso in termini di percentuale delle piogge ...
Nelle zone carsiche il deflusso fluviale è molto basso in termini di percentuale delle piogge efficaci; in molti casi, è così raro da considerarsi eccezionale ogni qual volta si verifichi a prescindere dal valore di picco della piena. Tuttavia, molti tipi di processi alluvionali possono essere identificati in un territorio carsico. Discussi i diversi tipi, si considerano le alluvioni relative a un territorio dominato dal carso nudo, con un caso di studio di una zona mediterranea dominata interessata da clima semi-arido, corrispondente in parte alla vasta area urbanizzata di Bari. In questo casi le inondazioni sono rare, brevi e improvvise, ma gli effetti sono spesso molto drammatici.
Sono stati utilizzati tre tipi di analisi. L'analisi storica incentrata sulla serie di eventi alluvionali storici, che ha fornito un mezzo per definire il periodo di occorrenza delle piene e i livelli di danno, risultate da porsi in relazione alle principali tappe dello sviluppo delle attività umane. L'analisi idrologica ha considerato lunghe serie temporali di precipitazioni brevi massimi annuali, al fine di valutare il tempo di ritorno delle precipitazioni di breve durata e alta intensità che causano gli eventi di piena. L'analisi geomorfologica ha considerato le precipitazioni meteoriche, le caratteristiche idrogeologiche delle rocce e terreni affioranti e i dati geomorfologici del bacino imbrifero per calcolare le precipitazioni nette o efficaci e le caratteristiche dell'onda di piena.
L'analisi storica delle inondazioni e dei danni ha evidenziato quattro periodi di piena, distinti sulla base del periodo di occorrenza e l'entità dei danni. Appare che l'insegnamento fornito da tali eventi catastrofici sia stato rapidamente rapidamente dimenticato.
Le analisi di tipo idrologico e geomorfologico hanno mostrato le peculiarità della piena del 2005. Il tempo di ritorno massimo delle precipitazioni per l'evento 2005 è stato dovuto alla eccezionale pioggia cumulata in tre ore.
Questo studio dimostra che vi siano le metodologie per stimare le caratteristiche di flusso di picco anche quando le serie temporali di misura del deflusso fluviale non siano disponibili, anche nel caso di territori dominati dal prevalere dell'infiltrazione sul ruscellamento, consentendo in tal modo di migliorare la nostra capacità di prevedere gli effetti di gravi inondazioni anche nelle aree carsiche.
Geochemical and hydrogeological study of groundwater quality degradation of a coastal karstic aquifer (southern Italy)
Cossu R.(2), Carella C.(4), Garavaglia R.(4), Limoni P.P.(1), Miano T.(3), Mondelli D.(3), Pizzardini P.(2), Romanazzi A.(1), Santaloia F.(1), Zuffianò L.E.(1), Polemio M.(1), 2016, Geochemical and hydrogeological study of groundwater quality degradation of a coastal karstic aquifer (southern Italy),
9th International Association of Hydrological Sciences Groundwater Quality Conference(GQ16), Shenzhen, China, 24-28/07/2016,
Abstract
The attention of local communities and authorities was focused on the level of groundwater nitrate ...
The attention of local communities and authorities was focused on the level of groundwater nitrate of a wide coastal karstic aquifer, not far from the town of Bari (southern Italy), worried about the potential effect of sanitary and unsecure landfills. The study considered each potential source of nitrate, considering the type of local land use_ mineral fertilizers, septic waste, animal manure and landfill leachate. The hydrochemical investigation was conducted on groundwater of the limestone aquifer and on leachate samples. The most important chemical parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-) and some minor constituent (Fe, Mn, Hg, As, Zn) are taken into account. In particular the environmental isotopes of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) were used to identify the groundwater provenance and geochemical reactions. The stable isotopes oxygen-18 (18O) and deuterium (2H) were used to investigate the origin of water in the aquifer system in the study area. The combination of NO3- concentration with ?15N-NO3- and 18O-NO3- in water also provides valuable information for identifying different sources of NO3- to the coastal aquifer. Samples of groundwater and leachate were analysed for 13C and Tritium (3H). Previous studies have demonstrated that the biogeochemical processes within the landfill environment can produce a unique composition for these isotopes, therefore they can be utilized successfully to delineate leachate influence. On-going results are discussed in details for each type of potential source of groundwater quality degradation.
Geochemical and hydrogeological study of groundwater quality degradation of a coastal karstic aquifer (southern Italy)
Polemio M., 2016, Geochemical and hydrogeological study of groundwater quality degradation of a coastal karstic aquifer (southern Italy),
9th International Association of Hydrological Sciences Groundwater Quality Conference(GQ16), Shenzhen, China, 24-28/07/2016,
Abstract
The attention of local communities and authorities was focused on the level of groundwater nitrate ...
The attention of local communities and authorities was focused on the level of groundwater nitrate of a wide coastal karstic aquifer, not far from the town of Bari (southern Italy), worried about the potential effect of sanitary and unsecure landfills.
The study considered each potential source of nitrate, considering the type of local land use_ mineral fertilizers, septic waste, animal manure and landfill leachate.
The hydrochemical investigation was conducted on groundwater of the limestone aquifer and on leachate samples. The most important chemical parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-) and some minor constituent (Fe, Mn, Hg, As, Zn) are taken into account.
In particular the environmental isotopes of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) were used to identify the groundwater provenance and geochemical reactions.
The stable isotopes oxygen-18 (18O) and deuterium (2H) were used to investigate the origin of water in the aquifer system in the study area.
The combination of NO3- concentration with ?15N-NO3- and 18O-NO3- in water also provides valuable information for identifying different sources of NO3- to the coastal aquifer. Samples of groundwater and leachate were analysed for 13C and Tritium (3H). Previous studies have demonstrated that the biogeochemical processes within the landfill environment can produce a unique composition for these isotopes, therefore they can be utilized successfully to delineate leachate influence.
On-going results are discussed in details for each type of potential source of groundwater quality degradation.
Analysis of the flooding event of october 22-23, 2005 in a small basin in the province of Bari (Southern Italy)
Bisantino, Tiziana; Pizzo, Vincenzo; Polemio, Maurizio; Gentile, Francesco, 2016, Analysis of the flooding event of october 22-23, 2005 in a small basin in the province of Bari (Southern Italy),
Journal of agricultural engineering (Pisa) 47 (2016): 197–204. doi_10.4081/jae.2016.531,
Abstract
In the province of Bari the hydrographic network consists of ephemeral streams called lame. In ...
In the province of Bari the hydrographic network consists of ephemeral streams called lame. In these watercourses the absence of runoff for long periods contributed to unfounded beliefs concerning the hydraulic safety of the landscape and therefore uncontrolled changes in streambeds and floodplains. In these streams high water discharges can occur during heavy rainfalls, as demonstrated by the floods that hit the city of Bari in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The flooding event of October 22-23, 2005 can be considered catastrophic as it resulted in six deaths, numerous injuries and substantial damage sustained by road and railway infrastructures at the intersection with the hydrographic network. This study aims to analyse the severity of the event in terms of the response of the landscape with reference to the case of the lama Scappagrano basin, where a Eurostar train derailed due to the collapse of the railway embankment. Coupled hydrological and two-dimensional hydraulic modelling was performed to reconstruct the flood hydrograph and water depths on the upstream side of the embankment. The results were used to set the boundary conditions to analyse the internal stability of the embankment using a finite element method.
Geochemical study of the groundwater in the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy)
Cianflone G.
Vespasiano G.
Apollaro C.
Dominici R.
Marini L.
Romanazzi A.
Polemio M.
De Rosa R., 2016, Geochemical study of the groundwater in the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy),
88° Congresso SGI, Napoli 2016, pp. 786–786, Napoli, 7-9/settembre 2016,
Abstract
The Sibari Plain, located in northeastern Calabria (southern Italy), represents a large
considerable agricultural and ...
The Sibari Plain, located in northeastern Calabria (southern Italy), represents a large
considerable agricultural and tourist development. The plain is crossed by secondary
River, the main regional river. The area is characterized by low rainfall and by the outcropping aquifer lying on a confined aquifer.
A geochemical survey was carried out on 103 selected wells from June to September 2012 in the framework of the project PON01_ 02818 AMICUS to investigate the chemical and isotopic composition of local groundwaters of the both aquifers. In situ measurements of electrical conductivity show a mean value of 1.1 mS/cm and a maximum value of 4.2 mS/cm close to Crati Delta area. The interpretation of chemical data allows one to recognize 4 hydrochemical facies. The Ca-HCO3 hydrochemical facies (70 samples) has a Total Ionic Salinity (TIS) comprised between 6 and 34 meq/L. It is
probably generated by calcite dissolution, a mineral phase that dissolves very quickly and that is very frequent in the study area. The Na-HCO3 waters (13 samples) have TIS of 11 to 46 meq/L partly overlapping or somewhat higher than the TIS range of Ca-HCO3 ones. The origin of these groundwaters is probably due to reflow of Ca-HCO3 groundwater in shallow aquifers, previously flooded with seawater and/or brackish water (freshening). The Na-Cl hydrochemical facies e (14 samples) show a wide TIS range, from 22 to 80 meq/L, generally higher than that of Ca-HCO3 water, but still below
the TIS of 1210 meq/L of mean seawater. These waters are typically found in aquifers located near the coast and in the area of the Crati Delta. Close to the coastline, the origin of these waters can be related to ingression of seawater and/or brackish water within the sediments of the alluvial plain. This intrusion of seawater and/or brackish water takes place either directly (salt wedge), or through inflow of seawater along the riverbeds and subsequent infiltration into the surrounding shallow aquifers hosted in the alluvial deposits. This process may be favored by intense pumping from wells
located near the riverbeds. The presence of Na-Cl waters in the inland area could be related to local upflow of deep brines (recorded in deep exploration boreholes) along tectonic discontinuities. The Ca-Cl type (3 samples) has TIS of 33-49 meq/L, exceeding that of the Ca-HCO3 waters. This is a chemical composition generated by ionic exchange consequent to seawater ingression.
Furthermore, the average infiltration elevation for the groundwaters of the Sibari Plain was obtained by means of the d18O and d2H values of H2O. The computed average infiltration elevations, supported by the results of the numerical groundwater modelling, suggest that the Sibari Plain aquifers system receives underground inflows from the surrounding Pollino and Sila massifs.
A Geomechanical Approach to Landslide Hazard Assessment_ The Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation
Cotecchia F.; Santaloia F.; Lollino P.; Vitone C.; Cafaro F.; Bottiglieri O., 2016, A Geomechanical Approach to Landslide Hazard Assessment_ The Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation,
Procedia engineering 158 (2016): 452–457. doi_10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.471,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.proeng.2016.08.471
Abstract
The landslide hazard assessment, when based on the deterministic diagnosis of the processes, can be ...
The landslide hazard assessment, when based on the deterministic diagnosis of the processes, can be pursued only through the interpretation and the geo-hydro-mechanical modelling of the slope equilibrium. In practice, though, landslide hazard assessment is still seldom dealt with slope modelling, in particular when it addresses vast areas, where either heuristic or statistical methods do not entail any geo-hydro-mechanical knowledge of slope features and stability. The Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation (MMLM) is an original methodological approach for intermediate to regional landslide hazard assessment. It is based on the geo-hydro-mechanical knowledge achieved from the application of a stage-wise diagnostic methodology of the landslide mechanism at the slope scale. The paper discusses the main steps of the MMLM aiming at diagnoses of landslide hazard based on hydro-mechanics, for small scale hazard mapping (at the large area).
Geochemistry of groundwater at the seawater
Livia Emanuela Zuffianò, Maurizio Polemio, Pier Paolo Limoni & Francesca Santaloia, 2016, Geochemistry of groundwater at the seawater,
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 41 (2016): 103–106. doi_10.3301/ROL.2016.104,
Abstract
Geochemical processes occurring at the seawater/freshwater interface were studied for the aquifer feeding the Santa ...
Geochemical processes occurring at the seawater/freshwater interface were studied for the aquifer feeding the Santa Cesarea thermal springs, located along the coastal sector of the Salento peninsula (southern Italy). In
this coastal area, seawater is moving into the freshwater carbonate aquifer, pushing so inland beneath the freshwater and creating so an extremely active geochemical environment. In the transition zone, the interaction between the freshwater/saltwater and the aquifer rocks could affect the geochemical composition of the groundwater itself, modifying it even profoundly, as discussed in the paper. The geochemical processes occurring at a seawater/freshwater interface are also described together with the chemical composition of Santa Cesarea thermal springs.
Back-analysis of a large earth-slide in stiff clays induced by intense rainfalls
Amanti, M.; Chiessi, V.; Guarino, P. M.; Spizzichino, D.; Troccoli, A.; Vizzini, G.; Fazio, N. L.; Lollino, P.; Parise, M.; Vennari, C., 2016, Back-analysis of a large earth-slide in stiff clays induced by intense rainfalls,
12th International Symposium on Landslides - Experience, Theory and Practice, pp. 317–324, June 2016,
Abstract
On December 2013, the town of Montescaglioso (Basilicata, Southern Italy), located at the top of ...
On December 2013, the town of Montescaglioso (Basilicata, Southern Italy), located at the top of a prominent hill within a highly landslide-prone setting, was affected by reactivation of a large earth-slide along the south-western slope. The slope is formed of stiff clays, belonging to the Argille Subappennine formation, covered by sands and conglomerates, with these latter being chaotically dislocated into arenaceous blocks resulting from ancient gravitational processes. The sliding movement started rapidly, accordingly to eyewitness accounts, and in a time span lower than 1 hour destroyed more than 500 m of the main road connecting the town of Montescaglioso to the Province Road SP175, and involved a few warehouses, a supermarket, and private homes. Surface displacement analysis jointly with detailed field surveys, and with visual analysis of post-event terrestrial and helicopter-based photographs, carried out soon afterward the landslide activation, allowed to identify the main effects produced by the slope movement, and to compile a map of the landslide surface deformations, aimed at identifying the landslide zones characterized by different kinematical features. Both geomorphological evidences and post-event inclinometric measurements have indicated that the failure surface has presumably developed at high depths and specifically in the clay substratum. Laboratory tests have been carried out for the characterization of the mechanical behavior of the clays involved in the sliding process. Both a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional finite element analysis were carried out in order to investigate the overall failure mechanism, the factors that could have controlled the landslide triggering and the spatial directivity of the landslide movement. The modeling results are in very good agreement with the observed landslide process as regards the conditions leading to the slope reactivation and the displacement field occurred in situ and highlight the role of the slope saturation as the main triggering factor of the landslide process.
A geomechanical approach to landslide hazard assessment_ the Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation
Federica Cotecchia, Francesca Santaloia, Piernicola Lollinob, Claudia Vitone, Francesco Cafaro, Osvaldo Bottiglieri, 2016, A geomechanical approach to landslide hazard assessment_ the Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation,
VI ITALIAN CONFERENCE OF RESEARCHERS IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING - Geotechnical Engineering in Multidisciplinary Research_ from Microscale to Regional Scale, CNRIG2016, Bologna, 22-23/09/2016,
Abstract
The landslide hazard assessment, when based on the deterministic diagnosis of the processes, can be ...
The landslide hazard assessment, when based on the deterministic diagnosis of the processes, can be pursued only through the interpretation and the geo-hydro-mechanical modelling of the slope equilibrium. In practice, though, landslide hazard assessment is still seldom dealt with slope modelling, in particular when it addresses vast areas, where either heuristic or statistical methods do not entail any geo-hydro-mechanical knowledge of slope features and stability. The Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation (MMLM) is an original methodological approach for intermediate to regional landslide hazard assessment. It is based on the geohydro-mechanical knowledge achieved from the application of a stage-wise diagnostic methodology of the landslide mechanism at the slope scale. The paper discusses the main steps of the MMLM aiming at diagnoses of landslide hazard based on hydromechanics, for small scale hazard mapping (at the large area).
Slow landslides in urbanised clayey slopes_ An emblematic case from the south of Italy
Cotecchia F.; Vitone C.; Petti R.; Soriano I.; Santaloia F.; Lollino P., 2016, Slow landslides in urbanised clayey slopes_ An emblematic case from the south of Italy,
12th International Symposium on Landslides, pp. 691–698, Napoli, 12-19/06/2016,
Abstract
The paper presents the emblematic case of the Pianello slope, that is a complex landslide ...
The paper presents the emblematic case of the Pianello slope, that is a complex landslide basin located in the town centre of Bovino, one of the most beautiful villages in Italy. The low gradient slope is formed of highly tectonised and heterogeneous clays and it is affected by very slow and deep landsliding. The failure mechanisms are representative of many others not only in the Daunia area in the south of Italy, but also in the slopes of the Italian Apennines. The analysis resulted from field surveys, investigations and monitoring data as well as from the laboratory test results of the geotechnical investigation. The phenomenological interpretation of the landslide mechanism, along with the identification of the predisposing and triggering factors has been validated by both limit equilibrium and numerical analyses.
Coastal thermal springs in a foreland setting_ The Santa CesareaTerme system (Italy)
Santaloia F.[1], Zuffianò L.E.[1], Palladino G.[2], Limoni P.P.[1], D.Liotta D.[3,4], Minissale A.[5], Brogi A.[3], Polemio M.[1], 2016, Coastal thermal springs in a foreland setting_ The Santa CesareaTerme system (Italy),
Geothermics 64 (2016): 344–361. doi_10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.06.013,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geothermics.2016.06.013
Abstract
Carbonate aquifers in foreland tectonic settings can host important thermal springs although located inareas commonly ...
Carbonate aquifers in foreland tectonic settings can host important thermal springs although located inareas commonly not characterized by regional high heat flow values. In these cases, when thermal springsare located close or along the coastlines the subaerial and/or submarine thermal springs constitute theoutflow of marine groundwater, flowing through localized fractures and karsitic rock-volumes. This isthe case of springs occurring along the south-easternmost portion of the Apulia region (Southern Italy)where few sulphurous and warm waters (22-33oC) outflow in partially submerged caves located alongthe shoreline, thus supplying the historical spas of Santa Cesarea Terme. Here, with the aim to define theorigin of the thermal fluids and their deep path, we carried out the geo-structural survey of the area anddetailed hydrogeological and geochemical analyses of the thermal spring fluids. In particular, the isotopes18O, D,13C in DIC,34Ssulphate,34Ssulphide,3He/4He ratio and13C in CO2were used to define the origin ofthe thermal water and the recharge mechanism of the geothermal system while the isotopes3H and14Cwere determined for estimating the age of the thermal waters, resulting in older than roughly twentythousands years BP. The results indicate that the thermal springs are fed by marine water, having reachedSanta Cesarea Terme through a localized fracture network. This affects the evaporitic and carbonatic rocksthat characterize the substratum of the Adriatic Sea in the offshore.
Efficacy of drainage trenches to stabilise deep slow landslides in clay slopes
Cotecchia F.; Lollino P.; Petti R., 2016, Efficacy of drainage trenches to stabilise deep slow landslides in clay slopes,
Ge´otechnique letters (2016). doi_10.1680/jgele.15.00065,
Abstract
The paper reports the results of a research aiming at the definition of innovative strategies ...
The paper reports the results of a research aiming at the definition of innovative strategies to mitigate the risk generated by deep landsliding due to the slope-atmosphere interaction. The aim stems from the recognition of the connection between the accelerations of deep slow landslides and the seasonal fluctuations of the piezometric heads found to occur down to large depths in slopes, effect of seasonal cumulated rainfall infiltration, as verified in previous research studies for fissured clay slopes of the Italian southern Apennines. Given this slope behavior, the effects as stabilizing measure of systems of drainage trenches, from medium depth to deep, have been verified through the combination of finite element modeling of seepage and limit equilibrium analyses. The model results show that the trench system generates a 'group effect' on the piezometric heads at large depth, due to which the maximum drop in piezometric head occurs along the portion of maximum depth of spoon-shaped slip surfaces underlying the trench system. Hence, the reduction in piezometric head generated by the trench system
makes such system an effective mitigation measure for deep landsliding. In the paper, the stabilizing effect of the trench system is also verified through its modeling for a deep landslide case history.
Advanced three-dimensional finite element modeling of a slow landslide through the exploitation of DInSAR measurements and in situ surveys
De Novellis, Vincenzo; Castaldo, Raffaele; Lollino, Piernicola; Manunta, Michele; Tizzani, Pietro, 2016, Advanced three-dimensional finite element modeling of a slow landslide through the exploitation of DInSAR measurements and in situ surveys,
Remote sensing (Basel) 8 (2016). doi_10.3390/rs8080670,
DOI: 10.3390%2Frs8080670
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an advanced methodology to perform three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) ...
In this paper, we propose an advanced methodology to perform three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) modeling to investigate the kinematical evolution of a slow landslide phenomenon. Our approach benefits from the effective integration of the available geological, geotechnical and satellite datasets to perform an accurate simulation of the landslide process. More specifically, we fully exploit the capability of the advanced Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) technique referred to as the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) approach to provide spatially dense surface displacement information. Subsequently, we analyze the physical behavior characterizing the observed landslide phenomenon by means of an inverse analysis based on an optimization procedure. We focus on the Ivancich landslide phenomenon, which affects a residential area outside the historical center of the town of Assisi (Central Italy). Thanks to the large amount of available information, we have selected this area as a representative case study highlighting the capability of advanced 3D FE modeling to perform effective risk analyses of slow landslide processes and accurate urban development planning. In particular, the FE modeling is constrained by using the data from 7 litho-stratigraphic cross-sections and 62 stratigraphic boreholes; and the optimization procedure is carried out using the SBAS-DInSAR retrieved results by processing 39 SAR images collected by the Cosmo-SkyMed (CSK) constellation in the 2009-2012 time span. The achieved results allow us to explore the spatial and temporal evolution of the slow-moving phenomenon and via comparison with the geomorphological data, to derive a synoptic view of the kinematical activity of the urban area affected by the Ivancich landslide.
Management of groundwater at salinisation risk
Polemio M. & Zuffianò L.E., 2016, Management of groundwater at salinisation risk,
88° Congresso SGI, Napoli 2016, pp. 793–793, Napoli, 7-9 settembre 2016,
Abstract
Natural waters contain dissolved minerals from interactions with atmospheric and soil gases, mixing with other
solutions, ...
Natural waters contain dissolved minerals from interactions with atmospheric and soil gases, mixing with other
solutions, and/or interactions with the biosphere and lithosphere. In many cases, these processes result in natural waters
containing solute or salinity above concentrations recommended for a specified use, which creates significant social and
economic problems.
There are different measures, actions and practices for managing groundwater when the natural resource is exposed
to salinization. Some of these measures have a mitigation objective. Other measures have a more adaptive approach and
accept the high groundwater salinity but adjusting the groundwater use so that it is not harmful.
Moving from the lowest to the highest complexity, these approaches are the engineering approach, the discharge
management approach, and the water and land management approach.
This research classifies the sources of groundwater salinization and defines in detail different management approaches
to protecting the groundwater through salinization mitigation and/or groundwater salinity improvements. By focusing the
attention on the effect of seawater intrusion, practical solutions are proposed.
Management of groundwater at salinisation risk
Polemio M. & Zuffianò L.E., 2016, Management of groundwater at salinisation risk,
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 40 (2016): 793–793.,
Abstract
Natural waters contain dissolved minerals from interactions with atmospheric and soil gases, mixing with other
solutions, ...
Natural waters contain dissolved minerals from interactions with atmospheric and soil gases, mixing with other
solutions, and/or interactions with the biosphere and lithosphere. In many cases, these processes result in natural waters
containing solute or salinity above concentrations recommended for a specified use, which creates significant social and
economic problems.
There are different measures, actions and practices for managing groundwater when the natural resource is exposed
to salinization. Some of these measures have a mitigation objective. Other measures have a more adaptive approach and
accept the high groundwater salinity but adjusting the groundwater use so that it is not harmful.
Moving from the lowest to the highest complexity, these approaches are the engineering approach, the discharge
management approach, and the water and land management approach.
This research classifies the sources of groundwater salinization and defines in detail different management approaches
to protecting the groundwater through salinization mitigation and/or groundwater salinity improvements. By focusing the
attention on the effect of seawater intrusion, practical solutions are proposed.
Degradation of coastal aquifers of the Adriatic and Ionian Sea_ the framework of knowledge
De Giorgio G., Santaloia F., Zuffianò L.E., Basso A., Dragone V. & Polemio M., 2016, Degradation of coastal aquifers of the Adriatic and Ionian Sea_ the framework of knowledge,
88° Congresso SGI, Napoli 2016, pp. 790–790, Napoli, 7-9 settembre 2016,
Abstract
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with
peculiarities of ...
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with
peculiarities of karst coastal aquifers constitute a huge worldwide problem, particularly relevant for coastal aquifers of
the Mediterranean basin (Tulipano et al., 2005).
Karst aquifers in coastal regions are well known to be highly vulnerable to the overexploitation of groundwater
resources, both from water increasing demand than from decreasing aquifer recharge due to climate changes. The coastal
carbonate aquifers of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular the Adriatic and Ionian coast that extend between western
Greece and Italy up to the eastern coast of Sicily not only ensure the socio-economic development of the populations but
feeds with spring waters valuable wetland environments with negative effects on ecosystems (Barrocu, 2003; Bonacci,
2014; Eftimi & Zojer, 2015; Polemio, 2016).
The aim of this study is to develop management and forecast tools to identify the best way to assure enduring
availability of high quality groundwater, and conciliate irrigation and drinking water demands. A geodatabase, collecting
information for all carbonate aquifers present along the Adriatic and Ionian coast, will be first created. At the core there
is a Geographic Information System, in which are placed the spatial information regarding the geology of aquifers,
hydrogeological and geochemical features, together with climatic conditions and specific information concerning past,
present and future groundwater usage.
The availability of tools that allow the integrated analysis of local hydrogeological situations, in reference to the wider
areas where they are located, allows numerous applications. The system, in fact, is not only aimed to archiving, querying
and mapping, but also to operate spatial analysis and the implementation of calculation systems, to return the
hydrogeological conceptual models, supporting both the management of groundwater resources and the knowledge for
the protection of coastal environments, and groundwater in general.
Degradation of coastal aquifers of the Adriatic and Ionian Sea_ the framework of knowledge
De Giorgio G., Santaloia F., Zuffianò L.E., Basso A., Dragone V. & Polemio M., 2016, Degradation of coastal aquifers of the Adriatic and Ionian Sea_ the framework of knowledge,
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 40 (2016): 790–790.,
Abstract
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with
peculiarities of ...
The progressive population growth in coastal areas and the increasing groundwater discharge, together with
peculiarities of karst coastal aquifers constitute a huge worldwide problem, particularly relevant for coastal aquifers of
the Mediterranean basin (Tulipano et al., 2005).
Karst aquifers in coastal regions are well known to be highly vulnerable to the overexploitation of groundwater
resources, both from water increasing demand than from decreasing aquifer recharge due to climate changes. The coastal
carbonate aquifers of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular the Adriatic and Ionian coast that extend between western
Greece and Italy up to the eastern coast of Sicily not only ensure the socio-economic development of the populations but
feeds with spring waters valuable wetland environments with negative effects on ecosystems (Barrocu, 2003; Bonacci,
2014; Eftimi & Zojer, 2015; Polemio, 2016).
The aim of this study is to develop management and forecast tools to identify the best way to assure enduring
availability of high quality groundwater, and conciliate irrigation and drinking water demands. A geodatabase, collecting
information for all carbonate aquifers present along the Adriatic and Ionian coast, will be first created. At the core there
is a Geographic Information System, in which are placed the spatial information regarding the geology of aquifers,
hydrogeological and geochemical features, together with climatic conditions and specific information concerning past,
present and future groundwater usage.
The availability of tools that allow the integrated analysis of local hydrogeological situations, in reference to the wider
areas where they are located, allows numerous applications. The system, in fact, is not only aimed to archiving, querying
and mapping, but also to operate spatial analysis and the implementation of calculation systems, to return the
hydrogeological conceptual models, supporting both the management of groundwater resources and the knowledge for
the protection of coastal environments, and groundwater in general.
Geochemical study of the groundwater in the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy)
Cianflone G.
Vespasiano G.
Apollaro C.
Dominici R.
Marini L.
Romanazzi A.
Polemio M.
De Rosa R., 2016, Geochemical study of the groundwater in the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy),
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 40 (2016): 786–786.,
Abstract
The Sibari Plain, located in northeastern Calabria (southern Italy), represents a large coastal alluvial plain ...
The Sibari Plain, located in northeastern Calabria (southern Italy), represents a large coastal alluvial plain with
considerable agricultural and tourist development. The plain is crossed by secondary ephemeral rivers and by the Crati
River, the main regional river. The area is characterized by low rainfall and by the presence of a shallow unconfined and
outcropping aquifer lying on a confined aquifer.
A geochemical survey was carried out on 103 selected wells from June to September 2012 in the framework of the
project PON01_ 02818 AMICUS to investigate the chemical and isotopic composition of local groundwaters of the both
aquifers. In situ measurements of electrical conductivity show a mean value of 1.1 mS/cm and a maximum value of 4.2
mS/cm close to Crati Delta area. The interpretation of chemical data allows one to recognize 4 hydrochemical facies. The
Ca-HCO3 hydrochemical facies (70 samples) has a Total Ionic Salinity (TIS) comprised between 6 and 34 meq/L. It is
probably generated by calcite dissolution, a mineral phase that dissolves very quickly and that is very frequent in the
study area. The Na-HCO3 waters (13 samples) have TIS of 11 to 46 meq/L partly overlapping or somewhat higher than
the TIS range of Ca-HCO3 ones. The origin of these groundwaters is probably due to reflow of Ca-HCO3 groundwater in
shallow aquifers, previously flooded with seawater and/or brackish water (freshening). The Na-Cl hydrochemical facies
e (14 samples) show a wide TIS range, from 22 to 80 meq/L, generally higher than that of Ca-HCO3 water, but still below
the TIS of 1210 meq/L of mean seawater. These waters are typically found in aquifers located near the coast and in the
area of the Crati Delta. Close to the coastline, the origin of these waters can be related to ingression of seawater and/or
brackish water within the sediments of the alluvial plain. This intrusion of seawater and/or brackish water takes place
either directly (salt wedge), or through inflow of seawater along the riverbeds and subsequent infiltration into the
surrounding shallow aquifers hosted in the alluvial deposits. This process may be favored by intense pumping from wells
located near the riverbeds. The presence of Na-Cl waters in the inland area could be related to local upflow of deep brines
(recorded in deep exploration boreholes) along tectonic discontinuities. The Ca-Cl type (3 samples) has TIS of 33-49
meq/L, exceeding that of the Ca-HCO3 waters. This is a chemical composition generated by ionic exchange consequent
to seawater ingression.
Furthermore, the average infiltration elevation for the groundwaters of the Sibari Plain was obtained by means of the
d18O and d2H values of H2O. The computed average infiltration elevations, supported by the results of the numerical
groundwater modelling, suggest that the Sibari Plain aquifers system receives underground inflows from the surrounding
Pollino and Sila massifs.
A multiple approach to support geo-hydrological risk mitigation pursued by the land reclamation authority (Gargano, Apulia)
Dragone V.
Muciaccia M.
Basso A.
Ciciretti L.
Palombella M.
Polemio M., 2016, A multiple approach to support geo-hydrological risk mitigation pursued by the land reclamation authority (Gargano, Apulia),
Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 40 (2016): 770–770.,
Abstract
The main scope was to provide technological and methodological innovation to the Consorzio di Bonifica ...
The main scope was to provide technological and methodological innovation to the Consorzio di Bonifica Montana del Gargano (CBMG), the land reclamation authority of the Gargano Promontory, to support their responsibilities that ranges from mitigation of hydrogeological risk to water supply, mainly for agricultural purposes. It was pursued by a group of private enterprises, with the CNR-IRPI's Hydrology laboratory support, through the GarganoLab project "Integrated information system for land management, environmental monitoring and emergency alert", funded by the Apulia Region as part of "Living Labs" measures.
EXPERIENCES OF UAV SURVEYS APPLIED TO ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT
M. Caprioli , R. Trizzino, F. Mazzone , M. Scarano, 2016, EXPERIENCES OF UAV SURVEYS APPLIED TO ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT,
The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XLI-B1, 2016 XXIII ISPRS Congress, 12-19 July 2016, Prague, Czech Republic, edited by L. Halounova, V. ?aafá?, C. K. Toth, J. Karas, G. Huadong, N. Haala, A. Habib, P. Reinartz, X. Tang, J. Li, C. Armenakis, G. Grenzdörffer, P. le Roux, S. Stylianidis, R. Blasi, M. Menard, H. Dufourmount, and Z. Li, pp. 797–801, 2016,
Abstract
In this paper the results of UAV surveys carried out in an area of Apulian ...
In this paper the results of UAV surveys carried out in an area of Apulian territory affected by serious environmental hazard are presented. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are emerging as a key engineering tool for future environmental survey tasks. UAVs are increasingly seen as an attractive low-cost alternative or supplement to aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry due to their low cost, flexibility, availability and readiness for duty. In addition, UAVs can be operated in hazardous or temporarily inaccessible locations, that makes them very suitable for the assessment and management of environmental risk conditions. In order to verify the reliability of these technologies an UAV survey and A LIDAR survey have been carried outalong about 1 km of coast in the Salento peninsula, near the towns of San Foca, Torre dellOrso and SantAndrea( Lecce, Southern Italy). This area is affected by serious environmental risks due to the presence of dangerous rocky cliffs named falesie. The UAV platform was equipped with a photogrammetric measurement system that allowed us to obtain a mobile mapping of the fractured fronts of dangerous rocky cliffs. UAV-images data have been processed using dedicated software (AgisoftPhotoscan). The point clouds obtained from both the UAV and LIDAR surveys have been processed using Cloud Compare software, with the aim of testing the UAV results with respect to the LIDAR ones. The total error obtained was of
centimeter-order that is a very satisfactory result. The environmental information has been arranged in an ArcGIS platform in order to assess the risk levels. The possibility to repeat the survey at time intervals more or less close together depending on the measured levels of risk and to compare the output allows following the trend of the dangerous phenomena. In conclusion, for inaccessible locations of dangerous rocky bodies the UAV survey coupled with GIS methodology proved to be a key engineering tool for the management of environmental risks.
Condizioni di stabilità in una porzione dell’area pedemontana dell’Appennino Dauno con particolare riferimento al Comune di Troia (FG)
R. Pagliarulo, R. Trizzino, 2016, Condizioni di stabilità in una porzione dell’area pedemontana dell’Appennino Dauno con particolare riferimento al Comune di Troia (FG),
Geologi e territorio (2016): 13–20.,
Abstract
In relazione alle attività di ricerche condotte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica di ...
In relazione alle attività di ricerche condotte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica di Bari e nell'ambito di una Convenzione con il Comune di Troia (Fg) è stato effettuato uno studio sulle condizioni geologiche e gemorfologiche per l'individuazione e valutazione dei fattori di rischio in una parte dell'area pedemontana a ridosso dell'Appennino Dauno. Nel presente studio vengono descritte le fenomenologie presenti nel territorio del comune di Troia (FG), sulla base dei rilievi geologici e geomorfologici eseguiti, proponendo una possibile interpretazione della complessa fenomenologia di dissesto che interessa il centro abitato, da utilizzare come base per per la successiva valutazione del rischio.
Il carico potenziometrico nell’area di studio del Progetto Atlante
Francesca Santaloia, Pier Paolo Limoni, Maurizio Polemio, 2016, Il carico potenziometrico nell’area di studio del Progetto Atlante,
2016,
Abstract
Il rapporto sintetizza parte dei risultati conseguiti dal gruppo di idrogeologia che ha operato, nell'ambito ...
Il rapporto sintetizza parte dei risultati conseguiti dal gruppo di idrogeologia che ha operato, nell'ambito dell'IRPI, per approfondire gli aspetti più propriamente idrogeologici di interesse del progetto Atlante. Il rapporto, in particolare, descrive le elaborazione dei dati utili al calcolo puntuale e all'analisi del carico potentiziometrico.
Data from https://intranet.cnr.it/people/
