Ivan Marchesini, Francesca Ardizzone, Massimiliano Alvioli, Mauro Rossi, Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, FONDAZIONE GENERALI – Valutazione della non-suscettibilità da frana,
2014,
Abstract
Negli ultimi tre decenni numerosi ricercatori hanno tentato di valutare la suscettibilità da frana
a diverse ...
Negli ultimi tre decenni numerosi ricercatori hanno tentato di valutare la suscettibilità da frana
a diverse scale geografiche, con l'obiettivo di produrre mappe relative alla zonazione della
suscettibilità da frana. Negli ultimi anni, sono stati fatti alcuni tentativi per determinare la
suscettibilità da frana a scala continentale e anche mondiale (Nadim et al, 2006; Hong et al,
2007a, b; Kirschbaum et al, 2009; Van Den Eeckhaut et al, 2012; Farahmand e AghaKouchak,
2013; Günther et al., 2013, 2014).
Indipendentemente dalla scala e dal metodo utilizzato, tutti i tentativi proposti si concentrano
- direttamente o indirettamente e esplicitamente o implicitamente - sull'individuazione delle
aree in cui la suscettibilità dovrebbe essere più grande, vale a dire sulla definizione delle aree
in frana potenzialmente più pericolose (Chung e Fabbri, 1999; Guzzetti et al., 1999, 2005a).
Poco è stato fatto per determinare dove non sono previste frane (Chung e Fabbri, 2003; Fabbri
et al., 2003), cioè dove la suscettibilità da frana è nulla, o trascurabile (Godt et al., 2012).
Un'eccezione è il lavoro di Godt et al. (2012), che ha proposto una mappa degli Stati Uniti in cui
sono evidenziate aree con suscettibilità da frana trascurabile, cioè aree in cui non sono
previste frane.
Rossi M., Alvioli M., Ardizzone F., Guzzetti F., Marchesini F., Reichenbach P., 2014, FONDAZIONE GENERALI – Rapporto “Valutazione della suscettibilità da frana”,
2014,
Abstract
Il documento descrive l'approccio e risultati della modellazione della suscettibilità da frana in italia ...
Il documento descrive l'approccio e risultati della modellazione della suscettibilità da frana in italia
Murillo Garcia Franny, Rossi Mauro, Fiorucci Federica, Alcantara-Ayala Irasema, 2014, Development of a landslide inventory for a region in Mexico using Very High Resoution Satellite Stereo-Images,
World Landslide Forum, pp. 821–828, June 2014 Third World Landslide Forum,
Abstract
In recent years, the analysis of stereo-pairs of Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite images has ...
In recent years, the analysis of stereo-pairs of Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite images has represented a valid alternative to aerial photographs for landslide recognition and mapping. The availability of images wiTheven higher spatial resolution and improved digital visualization and analysis techniques have encouraged investigators to use satellite images to detect and map recent and old landslide features. In this paper we present the results of a landslide geomorphological inventory prepared for the municipality of Pahuatlan, Mexico, based on stereoscopic interpretation of GeoEye 1 VHR images. A 54 km2 study area was defined for landslide recognition. In the study area, elevations range from 450 m to 1,500 m above sea level. The study area has a mountainous terrain with deep ravines and high summits derived from orogenesis of the Sierra Madre. Mesozoic rocks, including conglomerates, shale, siltstones and limestone, outcrop in the area. The climate is temperate, with abundant precipitation all year and a mean annual rainfall of 2,500 mm. Vegetation types are rain and coniferous forest, with a high level of deforested areas also present. According to the landslide inventory, in Pahuatlan municipality, there are 385 recent landslides, 171 old landslides and 21 very old landslides. The total landslide density is 10.5 landslides per km2. The area most affected by landslides was concentrated in 34 km2 and it was measured using Double Pareto analysis. In addition, stereo-images were used to generate a very high resolution Digital Elevation Model (10 m spatial resolution). VHR satellite images are efficient for landslide identification; they reduce the time to acquire information and allow a continuous stereo-model view without changing the set of images, although the associated costs are quite high. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.
Rossi M., Torri D., 2014, LANDPLANER (LANdscape, PLants, LANdslide and ERosion),
2014,
Abstract
LANDPLANER is raster-based and distributed model able to estimate the effects of a given rainfall ...
LANDPLANER is raster-based and distributed model able to estimate the effects of a given rainfall on the triggering of landslide and erosion processes. The model is mainly designed to describe the dynamic response of slopes (or basins) under different changing scenarios including_ (i) changes of meteorological factors, (ii) changes of vegetation or land-use, (iii) and changes of slope morphology. The model is open source, it is coded in R and require/produce standard spatial inputs and outputs.
Rossi M., Marchesini I., Vinicio B., Fugnoli F., Guzzetti F., 2014, SARF Liguria_ Sistema d’Allertamento Regionale per il possibile innesco di Fenomeni franosi indotti da piogge,
2014,
Rossi M., Marchesini I., Balducci V., Tonelli G., Peruccacci F., Brunetti M.T., Guzzetti F., 2014, SANF Sistema d’allertamento nazionale per la possibile occorrenza di fenomeni franosi indotti da piogge,
2014,
Abstract
Nell'ambito del progetto "Soglie pluviometriche per l'innesco di fenomeni franosi", dell'Intesa operativa tra CNR IRPI ...
Nell'ambito del progetto "Soglie pluviometriche per l'innesco di fenomeni franosi", dell'Intesa operativa tra CNR IRPI e il Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, è stato
sviluppato un software per il confronto tra misure, stime e previsioni di pioggia e soglie pluviometriche per l'innesco di fenomeni franosi indotti da piogge intense o prolungate. Il software utilizza dati pluviometrici misurati e previsti importati dalla piattaforma Experience rispettivamente ogni 6 e 12 ore. Per ogni pluviometro disponibile dati misurati e le previsioni di pioggia sono confrontati con le soglie pluviometriche per il possibile innesco di fenomeni franosi. Dal confronto sono individuati dei livelli di criticità. Il sistema utilizza una soglia nazionale definita con approccio frequentista. Il software prevede anche l'utilizzo delle altre soglie pluviometriche definite nell'ambito della citata Intesa Operativa.
Andreas Guenther, Javier Hervas, Miet Van Den Eeckhaut, Jean-Philippe Malet, and Paola Reichenbach, 2014, Synoptic Pan-European Landslide Susceptibility Assessment_ The ELSUS 1000 v1 Map,
World Landslide Forum 3, Beijing, China, June 2~6, 2014,
Haydar Y. Hussin, Roxana Ciurean, Simone Frigerio, Gianluca Marcato, Chiara Calligaris, Paola Reichenbach, Cees van Westen, and Thomas Glade, 2014, Assessing the Effect of Mitigation Measures on Landslide Hazard Using 2D Numerical Runout Modelling,
3 World Landslide Forum, Beijing, China, June 2~6, 2014,
Abstract
Landslidemitigationmeasures are used to reduce the risk affectingmountain communities. The quantitative estimation of the change ...
Landslidemitigationmeasures are used to reduce the risk affectingmountain communities. The quantitative estimation of the change or reduction in risk, after implementing mitigation measures, requires modeling of past events and the forward prediction of possible future occurences. However, the forward-prediction of landslide hazard is subjected to uncertainties due to the lack of nowledge on some key aspects like the possible source volume that can be triggered andmodel parameters that determine the landslide runout. In this study, a back-analysis of a debris flow event was carried out using MassMov2D to create a set of parameter ranges for forward-predicting runouts with mitigationmeasures.Weapproached the issue of uncertainty by systematically sampling parameters from wide ranges and running hundreds of different runout scenarios. Simulations from back-analysiswere comparedwith the forward-predicted models to determine changes in the spread and intensity of debris flows affecting elements at risk (e.g. houses and roads). This study is a first step towards a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) being carried out within the EC FP-7 funded CHANGES network (Grant Agreement No. 263953).
Rossi M., 2014, Modeling of landslide phenomena and erosion processes triggered by meteo-climatic factors,
2014,
Rossi M., 2014, D6.2 R Code for Prototype Software for Landslide Susceptibility Modelling,
2014,
Rossi M., Reichenbach P., Malamud B.D., 2014, Report on D.6.2. Prototype SW for regional landslide susceptibility modelling,
2014,
Rossi M., 2014, D5.3 R Code for Prototype Software for Landslide Statistics (LStast),
2014,
Greg M. Stock(1), Nicolas Luco (2), Brian D. Collins (3), Edwin L. Harp (2), Paola Reichenbach (4), Kurt L. Frankel (5), 2014, Quantitative rock-fall hazard and risk assessment for Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California,
2014,
Abstract
Rock falls are common in Yosemite Valley, California, posing substantial hazard and risk to the ...
Rock falls are common in Yosemite Valley, California, posing substantial hazard and risk to the approximately four million annual visitors to Yosemite National Park. Rock falls in Yosemite Valley over the past few decades have damaged structures and caused injuries within developed regions located on or adjacent to talus slopes highlighting the need for additional investigations into rock-fall hazard and risk. This assessment builds upon previous investigations of rock-fall hazard and risk in Yosemite Valley and focuses on hazard and risk to structures posed by relatively frequent fragmental-type rock falls as large as approximately 100,000 cubic meters in volume.
Rossi M., Malamud B.D., Mondini A., 2014, Report on D. 5.3. Prototype SW for determination of landslide statistics from inventory maps,
2014,
Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment,
2014,
Abstract
Landslides play an important role in the evolution of landforms and represent a serious hazard ...
Landslides play an important role in the evolution of landforms and represent a serious hazard in many areas of the World. In places, fatalities and economic damage caused by landslides are larger than those caused by other natural hazards, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and floods. Due to the extraordinary breadth of the spectrum of landslide phenomena, no single method exists to identify and map landslides, to ascertain landslide hazards, and to evaluate the associated risk. This work contributes to reduce this shortcoming by providing the scientific rationale, a common language, and a set of validated tools for the preparation and the optimal use of landslide maps, landslide prediction models, and landslide forecasts.
I begin the work by critically analysing landslide inventories, including archive, geomorphological, event and multi-temporal maps. I then present methods to analyse the information shown in the inventories, including the assessment of landslide density and spatial persistence, the completeness of the landslide maps, and the estimation of the recurrence of landslide events, the latter based on historical information obtained from archive or multi-temporal inventories. I then use statistical methods to obtain the frequency-size statistics of landslides, important information for hazard and risk studies. Next, I discuss landslide susceptibility zoning and hazard assessment. I examine statistical and physically-based methods to ascertain landslide susceptibility, and I introduce a scheme for evaluating and ranking the quality of susceptibility assessments. I then introduce a probabilistic model to determine landslide hazard, and I test the model at different spatial scales. Next I show how to determine landslide risk at different scales using a variety of approaches, including probabilistic methods and heuristic geomorphological investigations. Risk evaluation is the ultimate goal of landslide studies aimed at reducing the negative effects of landslide hazards. Lastly, I compare the information content of different landslide cartographic products, including maps, models and forecasts, and I introduce the idea of a landslide protocol, a set of regulations established to link terrain domains shown on the different landslide maps to proper land use rules.
I conclude the work by proposing recommendations for the production and optimal use of various landslide cartographic products. The recommendations and most of the results shown in this work are the results of landslide hazard research conducted in central and northern Italy. However, the lessons learned in these areas are general and applicable to other areas in Italy and elsewhere.
Zumpano V., Hussin H., Reichenbach P, Baltenau D., Micu M., Sterlacchini S., 2014, A landslide susceptibility analysis for Buzau County, Romania,
Romanian Journal of Geography 58 (2014): 9–16.,
Abstract
Landslides are one of the most common hazards in the Romanian Curvature Carpathians and Subcarpathians,
covering ...
Landslides are one of the most common hazards in the Romanian Curvature Carpathians and Subcarpathians,
covering a wide range of geomorphic mass wasting forms and processes. The purpose of this paper is to
present a susceptibility analysis at regional scale for the Buzau County (Romania), focusing on shallow and
medium-seated (sensu B?lteanu 1983) landslides. The susceptibility map was obtained using the weights-ofevidence
modeling technique that allows understanding the significance of predisposing factors of shallow and
medium-seated failures. The model was run considering eight environmental factors_ slope, altitude, internal
relief, planar and profile curvature, aspect, soil, land-use. A landslide inventory derived from archive data,
literature review, field mapping and aerial imagery interpretation was divided into a training and a prediction
set and was used to prepare and validate the model. The model performance was evaluated using the area under
the ROC and the success rate curve. The susceptibility map represents an important step for landslide hazard
and risk assessment, crucial components for the definition of adequate risk management strategies.
Günther A., Van Den Eeckhaut M., Malet J.-P., Reichenbach P., Hervás J., 2014, Climate-physiographically differentiated Pan-1 European landslide susceptibility assessment using spatial multi-criteria evaluation and transnational landslide information,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 224 (2014): 69–85.,
Abstract
With the adoption of the EU Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection in 2006, small-scale (1:1 ...
With the adoption of the EU Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection in 2006, small-scale (1:1 M) assessments of
threats affecting soils over Europe received increasing attention. As landslides have been recognized as one of
eight threats requiring a Pan-European evaluation,we present an approach for landslide susceptibility evaluation
at the continental scale over Europe. Unlike previous continental and global scale landslide susceptibility studies
not utilizing spatial information on the events, we collected more than 102,000 landslide locations in 22
European countries. These landslides are heterogeneously distributed over Europe, but are indispensable for
the evaluation and classification of Pan-European datasets used as spatial predictors, and the validation of the
resulting assessments. For the analysis we subdivided the European territory into seven different climatephysiographical
zones by combining morphometric and climatic data for terrain differentiation, and adding a
coastal zone defined as a 1 km strip inland from the coastline. Landslide susceptibility modeling was performed
for each zone using heuristic spatial multicriteria evaluations supported by analytical hierarchy processes, and
validated with the inventory data using the receiver operating characteristics. In contrast to purely data-driven
statistical modeling techniques, our semi-quantitative approach is capable to introduce expert knowledge into
the analysis, which is indispensable considering quality and resolution of the input data, and incompleteness
and bias in the inventory information. The reliability of the resulting susceptibility map ELSUS 1000 Version 1
(1 km resolution) was examined on an administrative terrain unit level in areas with landslide information
and through the comparison with available national susceptibility zonations. These evaluations suggest that
although the ELSUS 1000 is capable for a correct synoptic prediction of landslide susceptibility in the majority
of the area, it needs further improvement in terms of data used.
P. Reichenbach , C. Busca, A. C. Mondini , M. Rossi, 2014, The Influence of Land Use Change on Landslide Susceptibility Zonation_ The Briga Catchment Test Site (Messina, Italy),
Environmental management (N. Y., Internet) (2014). doi_10.1007/s00267-014-0357-0,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs00267-014-0357-0
Abstract
The spatial distribution of landslides is influenced by different climatic conditions and environmental settings including ...
The spatial distribution of landslides is influenced by different climatic conditions and environmental settings including topography, morphology, hydrology, lithology, and land use. In this work, we have attempted to evaluate the influence of land use change on landslide susceptibility (LS) for a small study area located in the southern part of the Briga catchment, along the Ionian coast of Sicily (Italy). On October 1, 2009, the area was hit by an intense rainfall event that triggered abundant slope failures and resulted in widespread erosion. After the storm, an inventory map showing the distribution of pre-event and event landslides was prepared for the area. Moreover, two different land use maps were developed_ the first was obtained through a semi-automatic classification of digitized aerial photographs acquired in 1954, the second through the combination of supervised classifications of two recent QuickBird images. Exploiting the two land use maps and different land use scenarios, LS zonations were prepared through multivariate statistical analyses. Differences in the susceptibility models were analyzed and quantified to evaluate the effects of land use change on the susceptibility zonation. Susceptibility maps show an increase in the areal percentage and number of slope units classified as unstable related to the increase in bare soils to the detriment of forested areas. © 2014 The Author(s).
[CNR]: F. Ardizzone, F. Fiorucci, P. Reichenbach, [KCL]: B.D. Malamud, F. Taylor, B. Mota, N. Drake, [IGME]: R. M. Mateos, 2014, D6.4 Report on methods for different sized events and different,
2014,
B.D. Malamud [KCL], P. Reichenbach [CNR], M. Rossi [CNR], M. Mihir [KCL], 2014, D6.3 Report on standards for landslide susceptibility modelling and terrain zonations,
2014,
Paola Reichenbach [CNR], R.M. Mateos [IGME], I. Garcia [IGME], C. Del Ventisette [UNIFI], A. Ciampalini [UNIFI], F. Ardizzone [CNR], M. Rossi [CNR], T. Simoniello [CNR], B.D. Malamud [KCL], 2014, Progetto LAMPRE. D6.1. Landslide susceptibility models and maps,
2014,
Abstract
.. ...
..
Dragone Vittoria, Polemio Maurizio, Limoni Pier Paolo, 2014, Sito internet del Gruppo di Idrogeologia – http_,
2014,
Paola Reichenbach, Federica Fiorucci, Francesca Ardizzone, Mauro Cardinali, Ivan Marchesini, Massimiliano Alvioli, 2014, CRITERI PER LA REALIZZAZIONE E LA VALIDAZIONE DEL MODELLO DI SUSCETTIBILITÀ -Modelli e carte di suscettibilità da frana tipo scorrimento per il territorio della regione Umbria,
2014,
Reichenbach, P.; Guenther, A., 2014, “Progress in landslide hazard and risk evaluation” Preface,
Progress in landslide hazard and risk evaluation, pp. 2711–2713, 2014,
Abstract
The special issue of Natural Hazards and Earth ...
The special issue of Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences entitled "Progress in landslide hazard and risk evaluation" contains 9 out of more than 30 oral and poster contributions originally presented in the " NH3.11 Landslide hazard and risk assessment, and landslide management
" session held at the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union, in Vienna (Austria), on 22-27 April 2012.
C. D'Ambrogi, I. Marchesini, P. Reichenbach and S. Sterlacchini, 2014, 8a Riunione Annuale del Gruppo GIT “Geology and Information Technology”,
, 2014,
Abstract
8a Riunione Annuale del Gruppo GIT "Geology and Information Technology" ...
8a Riunione Annuale del Gruppo GIT "Geology and Information Technology"
M. Melillo (1), S. Peruccacci (1), M.T. Brunetti (1,2), S.L. Gariano (1,2), F. Guzzetti (1), 2014, An algorithm for the objective definition of rainfall events and its application in forecasting rainfall-induced landslides,
GIT - Geology and Information Technology Convegno Nazionale del Gruppo di Geologia Informatica, 2014,
Abstract
Objective criteria for the identification of rainfall events are lacking or ambiguous, particularly when dealing ...
Objective criteria for the identification of rainfall events are lacking or ambiguous, particularly when dealing with the forecast of rainfall-induced landslides. The definition of rainfall conditions that have resulted in past landslides remains somewhat subjective. To overcome this problem, we propose an algorithm for the objective and reproducible reconstruction of rainfall events and of rainfall conditions responsible for failures. The algorithm calculates the duration (D in h) and the cumulated event rainfall (E in mm) of rainfall events and of rainfall conditions that have resulted in past landslides.
The algorithm is implemented in a code written in R language (http://www.r-project.org). The algorithm analyses continue rainfall series performing three actions_ (i) it removes isolated events with negligible amount of rainfall from the input data series; (ii) it aggregates rainfall measurements in order to obtain a sequence of distinct rainfall events; (iii) it identifies one or more rainfall conditions responsible for the observed slope failures. The algorithm is independent from the geographical context since it uses a set of parameters to account for different physical settings and climatic conditions.
We tested the algorithm in Sicily, southern Italy, using geo-localized rainfall and landslide information between January 2002 and December 2012. Using data from 59 rain gauges, the algorithm reconstructed 13,537 rainfall events, corresponding to a mean of 23 rainfall events per year. Next, using information on 163 documented landslides we reconstructed 343 rainfall conditions as possible triggers of the observed landslides.
The algorithm may contribute to reducing the current subjectivity both in the manual reconstruction of rainfall events and in the definition of the rainfall triggering landslides. The objective definition of rainfall conditions responsible for failures is necessary to define reliable rainfall thresholds for the forecasting of landslides.
We consider that the objective identification of rainfall events performed by the algorithm could be useful for other hydrological, hydraulic or geomorphological purposes.
Baccarini, Letizia., Alvioli, Massimiliano, Cardinali, Mauro, Fiorucci, Federica, Marchesini, Ivan, Mergili, Martin, Rossi, Mauro, Valigi, Daniela, 2014, Suscettibilità da frana nell’area di Collazzone (Umbria, Italia centrale): applicazione di un modello distribuito fisicamente basato per scivolamenti profondi,
GIT 2014, Montefalco, Perugia, June 16-18, 2014.,
Marchesini, Ivan and Mergili, Martin and Alvioli, Massimiliano and Metz, Markus and Schneider-Muntau, Barbara and Rossi, Mauro and Guzzetti, Fausto, 2014, Parallel processing for efficient 3D slope stability modelling,
EGU 2014, Vienna, 27 April - 02 May 2014,
Silvia Peruccacci, Maria Teresa Brunetti, Anna Roccati, Massimo Melillo, Stefano Luigi Gariano, Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, SARF Liguria – Definizione di soglie pluviometriche preliminari per la regione Liguria,
pp.1–18, 2014,
Abstract
Il documento illustra la definizione di soglie pluviometriche preliminari per il possibile innesco di frane ...
Il documento illustra la definizione di soglie pluviometriche preliminari per il possibile innesco di frane nella regione Liguria. I risultati riportati rientrano nell'attività di ricerca prevista dalla convenzione tra il Commissario Delegato per il superamento dell'emergenza derivante dagli eventi alluvionali occorsi nel novembre 2012 - Regione Liguria e L'istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica, del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche per realizzazione di soglie pluviometriche per il possibile innesco di frane indotte dalla pioggia in Liguria e la validazione delle previsioni del sistema di allerta nazionale per la previsione di frane indotte dalla pioggia (SANF) in Liguria.
In questo documento sono definite, in versione preliminare, soglie pluviometriche empiriche per il possibile innesco di frane nella regione Liguria, ottenute analizzando 121 eventi pluviometrici che hanno innescato uno o più fenomeni franosi.
In particolare, il documento è suddiviso in tre capitoli. Il Capitolo 1 contiene un'introduzione ai contenuti del documento. Nel Capitolo 2 è descritto l'archivio degli eventi di pioggia che hanno innescato frane in Liguria, con riferimento alle fonti di informazione e ai dati di pioggia con cui sono stati ricostruiti gli eventi pluviometrici associati ai dissesti. Nel Capitolo 3 sono riportate le soglie pluviometriche preliminari per la regione Liguria. Il Capitolo 4 contiene l'elenco della bibliografia di riferimento.
Ivan Marchesini, Mauro Rossi, Alessandro Mondini, Michele Santangelo, Francesco Bucci, 2014, Morphometric signatures of landslides,
OGRS 2014, Helsinky, 10 to 13 June 2014,
Mergili, Martin; Marchesini, Ivan; Schneider-Muntau, Barbara; Cardinali, Mauro; Fiorucci, Federica; Valigi, Daniela; Santangelo, Michele; Bucci, Francesco; Guzzetti, Fausto, 2014, GIS-based modelling of deep-seated slope stability in complex geology,
EGU General Assembly 2014 Conference Abstracts, Vienna, 27 April - 2 May, 2014,
Marchesini Ivan, Ardizzone Francesca, Guzzetti Fausto., Alvioli Massimiliano, Rossi Mauro, 2014, Defining Areas of Negligible Landslide Susceptibility in Italy and in the Mediterranean Region,
AOGS 2014, Sapporo, Japan, July 28-31, 2014,
Abstract
Landslide susceptibility is the likelihood of a landslide occurring in a given area. Over the
past ...
Landslide susceptibility is the likelihood of a landslide occurring in a given area. Over the
past three decades, researchers, and planning and environmental organisations have
worked to assess landslide susceptibility at different geographical scales, and to produce
maps portraying landslide susceptibility zonation. Little effort was made to determine
where landslides are not expected, where susceptibility is null, or negligible.
We propose a statistical method for the definition of non-susceptible landslide areas, at the
synoptic scale. We applied the method in Italy and to the territory surrounding the
Mediterranean Sea and we produced two synoptic-scale maps showing areas where
landslides are not expected in Italy and in the Mediterranean area. To construct the
method we used digital terrain elevation (3-arc-second SRTM DEM) and rainfall triggered
landslide information. The landslide information was obtained for 13 areas in Italy where
landslide inventory maps were available to us. Model performances have been evaluated
using independent landslide information on Italy and Spain. Best results were obtained
using a quantile regression model.
The results show that the 41.6% of the whole Italian territory is classified as nonsusceptible while the percentage increase to 63% for the Mediterranean Region.
Massimo Melillo (1), Maria Teresa Brunetti (1,2), Stefano Luigi Gariano (2), Fausto Guzzetti (1), and Silvia
Peruccacci (1), 2014, Reconstruction of rainfall events responsible for landslides using an algorithm,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) Vol. 16 (2014).,
Abstract
In Italy, intense or prolonged rainfall is the primary trigger of damaging landslides. The identification ...
In Italy, intense or prolonged rainfall is the primary trigger of damaging landslides. The identification of the
rainfall conditions responsible for the initiation of landslides is a crucial issue and may contribute to reduce
landslide risk. Objective criteria for the identification of rainfall conditions that could initiate slope failures are
still lacking or ambiguous. The reconstruction of rainfall events able to trigger past landslides is usually performed
manually by expert investigators. Here, we propose an algorithm that reconstructs automatically rainfall events
from a series of hourly rainfall data. The automatic reconstruction reproduces the actions performed by an expert
investigator that adopts empirical rules to define rainfall conditions that presumably initiated the documented
landslides. The algorithm, which is implemented in R (http://www.r-project.org), performs three actions on the
data series_ (i) removes isolated events with negligible amount of rainfall and random noise generated by the rain
gauge; (ii) aggregates rainfall measurements in order to obtain a sequence of distinct rainfall events; (iii) identifies
single or multiple rainfall conditions responsible for the slope failures. In particular, the algorithm calculates the
duration, D, and the cumulated rainfall, E, for rainfall events, and for rainfall conditions that have resulted in
landslides. A set of input parameters allows the automatic reconstruction of rainfall events in different physical
settings and climatic conditions.
We tested the algorithm using rainfall and landslide information available to us for Sicily, Southern Italy, in the
period between January 2002 and December 2012. The algorithm reconstructed 13,537 rainfall events and 343
rainfall conditions as possible triggers of the 163 documented landslides. Most (87.7%) of the rainfall conditions
obtained manually were reconstructed accurately.
Use of the algorithm shall contribute to an objective and reproducible definition of rainfall conditions responsible
for landslides in different geographic areas, reducing the current subjectivity inherent in the manual treatment of
the rainfall and landslide data.
Annalisa Minelli and Ivan Marchesini and Faith E. Taylor and Pierluigi De Rosa and Luca Casagrande and Michele Cenci, 2014, An open source {GIS} tool to quantify the visual impact of wind turbines and photovoltaic panels,
Environmental impact assessment review 49 (2014): 70–78.,
Abstract
Abstract Although there are clear economic and environmental incentives for producing energy from solar and ...
Abstract Although there are clear economic and environmental incentives for producing energy from solar and wind power, there can be local opposition to their installation due to their impact upon the landscape. To date, no international guidelines exist to guide quantitative visual impact assessment of these facilities, making the planning process somewhat subjective. In this paper we demonstrate the development of a method and an Open Source {GIS} tool to quantitatively assess the visual impact of these facilities using line-of-site techniques. The methods here build upon previous studies by (i) more accurately representing the shape of energy producing facilities, (ii) taking into account the distortion of the perceived shape and size of facilities caused by the location of the observer, (iii) calculating the possible obscuring of facilities caused by terrain morphology and (iv) allowing the combination of various facilities to more accurately represent the landscape. The tool has been applied to real and synthetic case studies and compared to recently published results from other models, and demonstrates an improvement in accuracy of the calculated visual impact of facilities. The tool is named r.wind.sun and is freely available from {GRASS} {GIS} AddOns.
Brunetti M.T., Peruccacci S., Palladino M.R., Viero A., Guzzetti F., 2014, Rainfall thresholds for the possible initiation of shallow landslides in the Italian Alps,
World Landslide Forum 3, pp. 575–579, 2014,
Sarro R.; Mateos R.M.; Garcia-Moreno I.; Herrera G.; Reichenbach P.; Lain L.; Paredes C., 2014, The Son Poc rockfall (Mallorca, Spain) on the 6th of March 2013_ 3D simulation,
Landslides (Berl., Internet) 11 (2014): 493–503. doi_10.1007/s10346-014-0487-8,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs10346-014-0487-8
Abstract
The Son Poc rockfall took place on the 6th of March 2013
in the municipality of ...
The Son Poc rockfall took place on the 6th of March 2013
in the municipality of Bunyola, on the southern side of the
Tramuntana Range (Mallorca) and after a rainy and cold period
on the region. A volume of rock of 4.000m3 was detached from the
cliff crowning the peak falling down by toppling. The impact of the
boulder caused its fragmentation, and numerous boulders
bounced and rolled downslope with volumes from 1 to 35m3,
following two trajectories_ southwest (SW) and southeast (SE).
The SE trajectory, with a larger runout (376m), reached an urban
area, where some of the boulders hit the roofs and walls of nearby
houses, stopping others in their gardening areas. Fortunately, no
fatalities occurred despite of the presence of some people at that
moment, but the event caused great concern in a region which
lives from and for tourism. The Son Poc rockfall has been simulated
using RocPro3D software which uses GIS technology to
produce 3D rockfall trajectories lines, estimated velocity and energy
of falling blocks, as well as bounce heights, impacts, and
stopping points. The results are in agreement with field observations
and with a very good accuracy between real and modeled
outcomes.
Maria Teresa Brunetti, Silvia Peruccacci, Anna Roccati, Massimo Melillo, Stefano Luigi Gariano, Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, SARF Liguria – Definizione di soglie pluviometriche per la Regione Liguria,
2014,
Abstract
Il documento descrive la procedura per la definizione delle soglie pluviometriche per il possibile innesco ...
Il documento descrive la procedura per la definizione delle soglie pluviometriche per il possibile innesco di frane pluvio-indotte nella regione Liguria.
Martin Mergili, Ivan Marchesini, Massimiliano Alvioli, Mauro Rossi, Wolfgang Fellin, Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, r.slope.stability,
2014,
Abstract
The master goal of r.slope.stability is to provide a GIS-based, free and open source slope ...
The master goal of r.slope.stability is to provide a GIS-based, free and open source slope stability model
following geotechnical principles;
being able to deal with varying geologic conditions and landslide geometries, ranging from shallow soil slips to deep-seated mass movements in geologically compex areas;
being suitable for large areas, including tens to hundreds of square kilometres or more;
appropriately accounting for the natural variability of the governing parameters.
Brunetti M.T.; Guzzetti F.; Cardinali M.; Fiorucci F.; Santangelo M.; Mancinelli P.; Komatsu G.; Borselli L., 2014, Analysis of a new geomorphological inventory of landslides in Valles Marineris, Mars,
Earth and planetary science letters 405 (2014): 156–168. doi_10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.025,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2014.08.025
Abstract
[object Object] ...
[object Object]
Terranova O.G.; Gariano S.L., 2014, Regional investigation on seasonality of erosivity in the Mediterranean environment,
Environmental earth sciences (Internet) 73 (2014): 311–324. doi_10.1007/s12665-014-3426-z,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs12665-014-3426-z
Abstract
The rainfall erosivity, playing a decisive role into erosion and degradation of soils, is a ...
The rainfall erosivity, playing a decisive role into erosion and degradation of soils, is a relevant factor for land-use planning and environmental risk assessment. Its decisive role must be studied by also taking in mind the outlook of climate change. The observations needed to determine the erosivity with adequate temporal and spatial detail, however, are rarely available. The aim of this study consists in assessing the spatial and seasonal distribution of rainfall erosivity in the Mediterranean environment. A regional analysis of erosivity was conducted considering more than 45 thousands erosive rainstorms in Calabria (Southern Italy). A network of 155 rain gauges, well distributed over the region, provided the necessary information with a time detail of 5 min between 1989 and 2008. After a concise review of the literature, three time scales were considered_ monthly, daily and "single event" scale. A power law relationship between the values of rainfall and erosivity, obtained by analysing the erosive rainstorms, was applied, showing systematic seasonal variations. The climatic control on erosivity was well described by regression equations formed by a constant value (wet period) and a cosine curve (dry months). This seasonal trend testifies that a greater erosivity per unit of rainfall has to be expected in the driest months. In addition, altitude ranges in Calabria from sea level to over 2,000 m a.s.l., affecting the rainfall regime. Considering this aspect, the regression equations were slightly improved by including the influence of the altitude in the analysis of erosivity. The erosivity maps, achievable in the Mediterranean climate area through the methods and equations proposed in this paper, can provide a significant contribution towards the modelling of detachment and transport of soil particles at the catchment scale. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Massimo Melillo (1), Maria Teresa Brunetti (1, 2), Stefano Luigi Gariano (2), Fausto Guzzetti (1), Silvia Peruccacci (1), 2014, Tools for the reconstruction of rainfall events from rainfall measurements, for the definition of the rainfall conditions responsible for landslides, and for the definition of rainfall thresholds for possible landslide occurrence,
2014,
Abstract
The software implelments an algorithm for the objective definition of rainfall events, and for the ...
The software implelments an algorithm for the objective definition of rainfall events, and for the quantitative measurement of the rainfall conditions that characterize a rainfall event. The algorithm systematizes the actions performed and the decisions taken by an expert investigator that defines heuristically rainfall events from a typical rainfall record and information on landslide occurrence. The code is implemented using the R open-source software for advanced statistical computing and graphics, release 2.15. (http://www.r-project.org/)
Peruccacci S., Brunetti M.T., Luciani S., Calzolari M.C., Bartolini D., Guzzetti F., 2014, Topographic and Pedological Rainfall Thresholds for the Prediction of Shallow Landslides in Central Italy,
Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment, pp. 299–304, 2014,
Abstract
In Italy, rainfall induced shallow landslides are frequent phenomena that cause casualties
every year. At the ...
In Italy, rainfall induced shallow landslides are frequent phenomena that cause casualties
every year. At the national and regional scales, empirical rainfall thresholds can predict the
occurrence of single or multiple rainfall-induced shallow landslides. In this work, we
updated a historical catalogue listing 553 rainfall events that triggered 723 landslides in
the Abruzzo, Marche and Umbria regions, central Italy, between February 2002 and March
2011. For each event, the rainfall duration (D) and the cumulated event rainfall (E)
responsible for the failure are known, together with the exact or approximate location of
the landslide. To analyse the influence of topography and soil characteristics on the
occurrence of rainfall induced shallow landslides, we subdivided the study area in three
topographic divisions, and eight soil domains. We analysed the (D, E) rainfall conditions
that resulted in the documented shallow landslides in each topographic division and
regional soil domain, and we defined ED rainfall thresholds at 5 % exceedance probability
level for the two subdivisions. We expect that the new topographic and pedological
thresholds will contribute to forecast shallow landslides in central Italy, and in areas
characterized by similar morphological and soil settings.
Silvia Peruccacci (1), Maria Teresa Brunetti (1,2), Giovanna Capparelli (3), Sergio Di Pilla (4), Fausto Guzzetti
(1), Maurizio Molari (5), Raffaele Niccoli (6), Paola Pagliara (7), Marco Pizziolo (8), Francesco Ponziani (9),
Sara Maria Ratto (10), Samuele Segoni (11), Gabriella Speranza (12), Davide Tiranti (13), Robero Tonellato (14),
and Matteo Vischi (15), 2014, National and regional approaches for the prediction of rainfall-induced landslides in Italy_ an overview,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 16 (2014).,
Abstract
In Italy, rainfall-induced landslides with severe consequences in terms of economic damage and casualties occur
every ...
In Italy, rainfall-induced landslides with severe consequences in terms of economic damage and casualties occur
every year. The Italian National Department for Civil Protection (DPC) has the responsibility, in agreement with
regional and local governments, to protect individuals and communities from natural hazards, including landslides.
In particular, the DPC has a guiding role in projects and activities for the prevention, forecast and monitoring of
landslide risk.
The alert system for the landslide risk is assured by the DPC and by the Italian Regions through the network of the
regional functional centres, the regional structures and the competence centres. More specifically, each Region has
to define procedures and methods to set up customized early warning system for the prediction of rainfall-induced
landslides.
In this work, we report an overview of approaches, methods and early warning systems adopted by the DPC and
by the Italian Regions to forecast the occurrence of rainfall-induced slope failures. This study is a description of
the state of the art in the prediction of landslides triggered by rainfall at national and regional scale. The collection
and organization of this information is of considerable interest both for the DPC, and for the individual Regions.
This overview can be a starting point for a constructive debate about the local expertise, in order to improve the
landslide prediction capability and to contribute to reducing landslide risk.
Stefano Luigi Gariano (1,2), Maria Teresa Brunetti (1,2), Massimo Melillo (1), Silvia Peruccacci (1), Fausto Guzzetti (1), 2014, The role of geographic and seasonal factors and land cover change on empirical rainfall thresholds in Italy,
International Conference on "Analysis and Management of Changing Risks for Natural Hazards", Padova, Italy, 18-19 November 2014,
Abstract
In Italy, the prediction of rainfall-induced shallow landslides is a fundamental aim for civil protection ...
In Italy, the prediction of rainfall-induced shallow landslides is a fundamental aim for civil protection purposes. In fact, severe events in the past caused economic damage and loss of human lives. For the purpose, we have investigated the rainfall conditions responsible for the occurrence of shallow landslides in Italy. Our work focused on the definition of empirical rainfall thresholds for their use in national landslide warning systems. The thresholds are based on the statistical analysis of past rainfall conditions that have resulted in landslides. However, the rainfall conditions that have resulted in landslides in the past may vary in the future due to climatic changes (i.e., changes in rainfall intensity and frequency, and patterns of the triggering events) and to landscape changes (i.e., land use and land cover changes).
We have studied a catalogue of 1980 rainfall events that have resulted in 2407 shallow landslides in Italy from 1996 to 2012, and we investigated how the triggering rainfall conditions and the thresholds vary depending on geographical, seasonal and land cover factors.
Stefano Luigi Gariano, Silvia Peruccacci, Maria Teresa Brunetti, Fausto Guzzetti, 2014, Definizione di soglie pluviometriche per la regione Campania,
2014,
C. Vennari (1), S. L. Gariano (2), L. Antronico (2), M. T. Brunetti (3,4), G. Iovine (2), S. Peruccacci (3), O. Terranova (2), F. Guzzetti (3), 2014, Rainfall thresholds for shallow landslide occurrence in Calabria, southern Italy,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Online) 14 (2014): 317–330. doi_10.5194/nhess-14-317-2014,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-14-317-2014
Abstract
In many areas, rainfall is the primary trigger of landslides. Determining the rainfall conditions responsible ...
In many areas, rainfall is the primary trigger of landslides. Determining the rainfall conditions responsible for landslide occurrence is important, and may contribute to saving lives and properties. In a long-term national project for the definition of rainfall thresholds for possible landslide occurrence in Italy, we compiled a catalogue of 186 rainfall events that resulted in 251 shallow landslides in Calabria, southern Italy, from January 1996 to September 2011. Landslides were located geographically using Google Earth®, and were given a mapping and a temporal accuracy. We used the landslide information, and sub-hourly rainfall measurements obtained from two complementary networks of rain gauges, to determine cumulated event vs. rainfall duration (ED) thresholds for Calabria. For this purpose, we adopted an existing method used to prepare rainfall thresholds and to estimate their associated uncertainties in central Italy. The regional thresholds for Calabria were found to be nearly identical to previous ED thresholds for Calabria obtained using a reduced set of landslide information, and slightly higher than the ED thresholds obtained for central Italy. We segmented the regional catalogue of rainfall events with landslides in Calabria into lithology, soil regions, rainfall zones, and seasonal periods. The number of events in each subdivision was insufficient to determine reliable thresholds, but allowed for preliminary conclusions about the role of the environmental factors in the rainfall conditions responsible for shallow landslides in Calabria. We further segmented the regional catalogue based on administrative subdivisions used for hydro-meteorological monitoring and operational flood forecasting, and we determined separate ED thresholds for the Tyrrhenian and the Ionian coasts of Calabria. We expect the ED rainfall thresholds for Calabria to be used in regional and national landslide warning systems. The thresholds can also be used for landslide hazard and risk assessments, and for erosion and landscape evolution studies, in the study area and in similar physiographic regions in the Mediterranean area.
Oreste Giuseppe Terranova (1), Stefano Luigi Gariano (1,2), 2014, Rainstorms able to induce flash floods in a Mediterranean-climate region (Calabria, southern Italy),
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Online) 14 (2014): 2423–2434. doi_10.5194/nhess-14-2423-2014,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-14-2423-2014
Abstract
Heavy rainstorms often induce flash flooding, one of the natural disasters most responsible for damage ...
Heavy rainstorms often induce flash flooding, one of the natural disasters most responsible for damage to man-made infrastructures and loss of lives, also adversely affecting the opportunities for socio-economic development of Mediterranean countries. The frequently dramatic damage of flash floods are often detected, with sufficient accuracy, by post-event surveys, but rainfall causing them are still only roughly characterized. With the aim of improving the understanding of the temporal structure and spatial distribution of heavy rainstorms in the Mediterranean context, a statistical analysis was carried out in Calabria (southern Italy) concerning rainstorms that mainly induced flash floods, but also shallow landslides and debris flows. Thus, a method is proposed - based on the overcoming of heuristically predetermined threshold values of cumulated rainfall, maximum intensity, and kinetic energy of the rainfall event - to select and characterize the rainstorms able to induce flash floods in the Mediterranean-climate countries. Therefore, the obtained (heavy) rainstorms were automatically classified and studied according to their structure in time, localization, and extension. Rainfall-runoff watershed models can consequently benefit from the enhanced identification of design storms, with a realistic time structure integrated with the results of the spatial analysis. A survey of flash flood events recorded in the last decades provides a preliminary validation of the method proposed to identify the heavy rainstorms and synthetically describe their characteristics. The notable size of the employed sample, including data with a very detailed resolution in time that relate to several rain gauges well-distributed throughout the region, gives robustness to the obtained results.
Cavalli R.M.; Betti M.; Campanelli A.; Di Cicco A.; Guglietta D.; Penna P.; Piermattei V., 2014, A methodology to assess the accuracy with which remote data characterize a specific surface, as a function of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM): Application to three Italian coastal waters,
Sensors (Basel) 14 (2014): 1155–1183. doi_10.3390/s140101155,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fs140101155
Abstract
This methodology assesses the accuracy with which remote data characterizes a surface, as a function ...
This methodology assesses the accuracy with which remote data characterizes a surface, as a function of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM). The purpose is to identify the best remote data that improves the characterization of a surface, evaluating the number of bands in the spectral range. The first step creates an accurate dataset of remote simulated data, using in situ hyperspectral reflectances. The second step evaluates the capability of remote simulated data to characterize this surface. The spectral similarity measurements, which are obtained using classifiers, provide this capability. The third step examines the precision of this capability. The assumption is that in situ hyperspectral reflectances are considered the "real" reflectances. They are resized with the same spectral range of the remote data. The spectral similarity measurements which are obtained from "real" resized reflectances, are considered "real" measurements. Therefore, the quantity and magnitude of "errors" (i.e., differences between spectral similarity measurements obtained from "real" resized reflectances and from remote data) provide the accuracy as a function of FWHM. This methodology was applied to evaluate the accuracy with which CHRIS-mode1, CHRIS-mode2, Landsat5-TM, MIVIS and PRISMA data characterize three coastal waters. Their mean values of uncertainty are 1.59%, 3.79%, 7.75%, 3.15% and 1.18%, respectively. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
ANTRONICO L., COSCARELLI R., 2014, Analysis of impact of hydro-meteorological events on alluvial fans_ a case study in Calabria (southern Italy),
International Conference Analysis and Management of Changing Risks for Natural Hazards, Padua, Italy, 18-19 November, 2014,
Ardizzone, Rossi, Cardinali, Marchesini, Santangelo, Mondini, Fiorucci, Mateos, Garcia, Ciampalini, Reichenbach, 2014, D5.1. Report on standard for landslide inventory maps and quality assessment,
2014,
