Sebastiano Piccolroaz, Gabriele Bertoldi, Marco Borga, Andrea Casonato, Lorenzo Marchi, Tamara Michelini, Giorgio Rosatti, Ruggero Valentinotti, 2021, Extreme events and aging of defence works challenge the definition of residual scenarios for debris-flow hazard assessment_ the case of the Rotiano Creek (Province of Trento, Italy),
Interpraevent 2021 Norway, pp. 255–257, Virtual Congress, 31/5/2021 - 2/6/2021,
Abstract
Between October 27th and 30th, 2018 the Eastern Alps were hit by a severe storm ...
Between October 27th and 30th, 2018 the Eastern Alps were hit by a severe storm named Vaia. The storm brought strong wind and heavy rainfall, both culminated on Monday 29th. In Italy, the windstorm caused the loss of 8 million m3 of standing trees (Motta et al., 2018), and the rainfall triggered floods and related geomorphic processes, such as bank erosion, sediment/vegetation transport, and debris flows. In the Province of Trento (275 mm of rainfall on average in 3 days measured by 97 ground stations, corresponding to a median 48-h return period of 115 years), more than 300 events of such type were reported during those days, counting only the most important (Piccolroaz and Michelini, 2018). One of the most violent was the extreme debris flow of the Rotiano Creek, which caused the collapse of check dams and struck the village of Dimaro.
The extraordinary magnitude of the debris flow occurred along the Rotiano Creek in October 2018 put the attention on how paroxysmal scenarios, due to concurrent severe meteo-hydrological factors and possible failure of existing hydraulic defence works, should be considered in debris-flow hazard evaluations. Due to the ongoing tendency towards more frequent extreme rainfall events and considering the progressive aging of the existing control works, converging towards an effective definition of residual hazard scenarios is getting more and more important and, at the same time, challenging.
Cola Simonetta, Schenato Luca, Dalla Gassa Gaetano, Bisson Alberto, 2021, SISTEMA PERFEZIONATO PER IL MONITORAGGIO DI ANCORAGGI GEOTECNICI,
102019000007140, Nazionale, 2021,
Schenato, Luca; Aguilar-Lopez, Juan Pablo; Galtarossa, Andrea; Pasuto, Alessandro; Bogaard, Thom; Palmieri, Luca, 2021, A rugged FBG-based pressure sensor for water level monitoring in dikes,
IEEE sensors journal 21 (2021). doi_10.1109/JSEN.2021.3067516,
DOI: 10.1109%2FJSEN.2021.3067516
Abstract
This paper describes the implementation of an FBG sensor to measure water levels in a ...
This paper describes the implementation of an FBG sensor to measure water levels in a dike. The sensor is based on a 3D-printed mechanical transducer through which the external pressure is converted into longitudinal strain exerted on the fiber. An additional FBG integrated within the sensor measures temperature and is used to compensate for the temperature effects on the first FBG. By employing an aluminum alloy case, the sensor is suitable for operations in harsh environments and rough installation procedures. Four sensors of this kind have been successfully tested on a real scale dike at the Water Proof Holland facility in The Netherlands.
Marchi, Lorenzo; Cazorzi, Federico; Arattano, Massimo; Cucchiaro, Sara; Cavalli, Marco; Crema, Stefano, 2021, Debris flows recorded in the Moscardo catchment (Italian Alps) between 1990 and 2019,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 21 (2021): 87–97. doi_10.5194/nhess-21-87-2021,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-21-87-2021
Abstract
This paper presents debris-flow data recorded in the Moscardo Torrent (eastern Italian Alps) between 1990 ...
This paper presents debris-flow data recorded in the Moscardo Torrent (eastern Italian Alps) between 1990 and 2019. In this time interval, 30 debris flows were observed_ 26 of them were monitored by sensors installed on the channel, while four were only documented through postevent observations. Monitored data consist of debris-flow hydrographs, measured utilizing ultrasonic sensors, and rainfall. Debris flows in the Moscardo Torrent occur from early June to the end of September, with higher frequency in the first part of summer. The paper presents data on triggering rainfall, flow velocity, peak discharge, and volume for the monitored hydrographs. Simplified triangular hydrographs and dimensionless hydrographs were derived to show the basic features of the debris flows in the Moscardo Torrent (time to peak, surge duration, flow depth) and permitting comparison with other instrumented catchments. The dataset is made available to the public with the following DOI_ https_//doi. org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919707.
Coviello, Velio; Theule, Joshua, I; Crema, Stefano; Arattano, Massimo; Comiti, Francesco; Cavalli, Marco; Lucia, Ana; Macconi, Pierpaolo; Marchi, Lorenzo, 2021, Combining Instrumental Monitoring and High-Resolution Topography for Estimating Sediment Yield in a Debris-Flow Catchment,
Environmental & engineering geoscience (Print) 27 (2021): 95–111. doi_10.2113/EEG-D-20-00025,
DOI: 10.2113%2FEEG-D-20-00025
Abstract
In mountain basins, long-term instrumental monitoring coupled with high-resolution topographic surveys can provide important information ...
In mountain basins, long-term instrumental monitoring coupled with high-resolution topographic surveys can provide important information on sediment yield. The Gadria catchment, located in the eastern Italian Alps, typically features several low-magnitude flood episodes and a few debris-flow events per year, from late spring to late summer. Beginning in 2011, sensors devoted to debris-flow detection (geophones, video cameras, flow stage sensors) were installed along the main channel, upstream of a retention basin. In case of debris flows, high-resolution topographical surveys of the retention basin are carried out multiple times per year. Rainfall is measured in the lower part of the catchment and at the headwaters, while passive integrated transponder tracing of bedload was performed in the main channel during spring and summer 2014. In this work, we present the reconstruction of the sediment dynamics at the catchment scale from 2011 to 2017. Results show that (i) coarse sediment yield is dominated by the few debris flows occurring per year; (ii) debris-flow volume estimations may be significantly different-up to 30 percent lower-when performed through a digital elevation model of difference analysis, compared to the time-integration of the debris-flow discharge estimates; (iii) using this latter method, the volumes are affected by significant uncertainties, particularly for small values of flow depth; and (iv) rainfall analysis permits us to characterize debris-flow initiation but also highlights difficulties in discriminating triggering from non-triggering rainstorms if based on rainfall duration and intensity only.
Cola S.; Girardi V.; Bersan S.; Simonini P.; Schenato L.; De Polo F., 2021, An optical fiber-based monitoring system to study the seepage flow below the landside toe of a river levee,
Journal of civil structural health monitoring (Print) (2021). doi_10.1007/s13349-021-00475-y,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs13349-021-00475-y
Abstract
The development of innovative monitoring systems to mitigate the risk associated to river levee failure ...
The development of innovative monitoring systems to mitigate the risk associated to river levee failure is a recent challenge involving synergic effort of public institutions, specialized companies and academics. The present study examines a 350 m stretch of Adige river levees, located in the Province of Bolzano (Italy) close to the village of Salorno, interested in the recent past by moderate piping phenomena and subjected to subsequent interventions for seepage control (cut-off diaphragm wall). As is customary, the levee body and its foundation soil were investigated through geophysical and geotechnical surveys. The arising results provided a multi-dimensional characterization of the levee and the nearby soil water-meadows likely to be affected by preferential paths for piping. The detection of those paths entailed the joined use of piezometers and distributed optical fiber sensing (DFOS) system, the latter installed in a shallow trench on the landside. In the last days of October 2018, Northeastern Italy was hit by a tremendous storm and the Adige river was subjected to a relevant double flooding event. This exceptional circumstance, entirely recorded by the monitoring system, gives the chance to provide insight into the seepage process undermining the levee stability.
Lazzeri E., Cocco M., Bailo D., Sarretta A., Locati M., Pavone G., 2021, Practicing Open Science in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
2021,
Abstract
A cycle of four webinars on Open Science and Open Access for Earth and environmental ...
A cycle of four webinars on Open Science and Open Access for Earth and environmental sciences, with discipline-specific tools and practical resources.
Course outline_
Module 1_
- Introduction and motivations
- Open Science in Solid Earth Science
Module 2_
- Research Data Management
- OS in solid Earth sciences_ the EPOS research infrastructure experience
Module 3_
- FAIR principles and Open Data
- Implementing FAIR. Considerations from the solid Earth domain
Module 4_
- The Data Management Plan
- The adoption of Open Science Paradigm at INGV
- Practical Tips
Lorenzo Marchi, Marco Cavalli, Marta Chiarle, Stefano Crema, 2021, Progetto “GPR” “Approfondimento delle strategie di Governo della Pericolosità alluvionale a seguito dell’evento del 29 ottobre 2018 sul rio Rotiano” – Contributo alla valutazione della pericolosità residua,
2021,
Abstract
Il rapporto prende in esame i principali processi che concorrono alla pericolosità residua dei processi ...
Il rapporto prende in esame i principali processi che concorrono alla pericolosità residua dei processi torrentizi, con particolare riguardo all'ambiente alpino.
Pellegrini G.; Martini L.; Cavalli M.; Rainato R.; Cazorzi A.; Picco L., 2021, The morphological response of the Tegnas alpine catchment (Northeast Italy) to a Large Infrequent Disturbance,
Science of the total environment 770 (2021). doi_10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145209,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2021.145209
Abstract
A recent storm (27th-30th October 2018), named Vaia, hit most part of the Northeast of ...
A recent storm (27th-30th October 2018), named Vaia, hit most part of the Northeast of Italy affecting the geomorphic aspect of almost all mountain catchments of the area. The event triggered new instabilities such as windthrows, landslides and debris flows. At present, few studies dealt with the analysis of the impact of a Large Infrequent Disturbance at large catchment scale. This work provides a focus on the Tegnas Torrent Basin (Belluno Province) and aims at detecting how, where, and how much this storm affected the basin. Moreover, it integrates two different approaches considering both the dynamic and static aspects of the sediment, via DEM of Difference (DoD) and Index of Connectivity (IC), respectively. The Tegnas sub-basins responded contrastingly_ the Bordina (volcanic origin and covered by pastures and spruce forests) was mainly affected by windthrows (7% of the sub-basin area) and landslides (0.5%), while the Angheraz (outcropping dolomite rocks), was stricken only by debris flows (1.0%). Morphological changes were clear along the entire channel network, with predominant erosion in the steepest upstream parts (over 2 m of the channel elevation), and deposition in the lower main valley floor (over 3 m of the channel elevation). The IC analysis along the instabilities highlighted that the windthrows occurred mainly in areas of high connectivity, which may be important for future management strategies. Moreover, the proposed integrated approach, based on the combination IC-DoD, permitted a detailed identification of sediment routing and a contemporary estimation of erosion and deposition volumes generated by a high magnitude low-frequency event. Based on these results, cascading processes are expected and further analysis are required to fully consider the impact of a Large Infrequent Disturbance.
Titti G.; Bossi G.; Zhou G.G.D.; Marcato G.; Pasuto A., 2021, Backward automatic calibration for three-dimensional landslide models,
Geosciences Frontiers 12 (2021): 231–241. doi_10.1016/j.gsf.2020.03.011,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2020.03.011
Abstract
Back-analysis is broadly used for approaching geotechnical problems when monitoring data are available and information ...
Back-analysis is broadly used for approaching geotechnical problems when monitoring data are available and information about the soils properties is of poor quality. For landslide stability assessment back-analysis calibration is usually carried out by time consuming trial-and-error procedure. This paper presents a new automatic Decision Support System that supports the selection of the soil parameters for three-dimensional models of landslides based on monitoring data. The method considering a pool of possible solutions, generated through permutation of soil parameters, selects the best ten configurations that are more congruent with the measured displacements. This reduces the operator biases while on the other hand allows the operator to control each step of the computation. The final selection of the preferred solution among the ten best-fitting solutions is carried out by an operator. The operator control is necessary as he may include in the final decision process all the qualitative elements that cannot be included in a qualitative analysis but nevertheless characterize a landslide dynamic as a whole epistemological subject, for example on the base of geomorphological evidence. A landslide located in Northeast Italy has been selected as example for showing the system potentiality. The proposed method is straightforward, scalable and robust and could be useful for researchers and practitioners.
Marchi L., Crema S., Coviello V., 2021, Il monitoraggio delle colate detritiche,
Le Linee guida SNPA per il monitoraggio delle frane - Webinar Digital Remtech Expo 2021, Ferrara, 21/09/2021,
Abstract
Il contributo illustra le principali problematiche relative al monitoraggio delle colate detritiche (per finalità sia ...
Il contributo illustra le principali problematiche relative al monitoraggio delle colate detritiche (per finalità sia di ricerca che di allertamento) con riferimento al contributo degli autori alle Linee guida SNPA per il monitoraggio delle frane.
Pellegrini G.; Cazorzi A.; Rainato R.; Martini L.; Picco L.; Cavalli M., 2020, The morphological response of an alpine catchment to a large infrequent disturbance,
10th Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, pp. 448–454, Delft, Netherlands, 7-10/07/2020,
Abstract
Large disturbances highly affect the morphological settings and the dynamics of mountain river basins, above ...
Large disturbances highly affect the morphological settings and the dynamics of mountain river basins, above all if they are dealing with water and wind. The Vaia storm that hit the northeastern part of Italy in late October 2018 caused the activation of new sediment sources, the generation of widespread instabilities and the destruction of hectares. The following research focuses on the Tegnas River basin (Belluno Province) and investigates the morphological changes of the active channel after the Vaia storm as well as the connectivity before the event. Both field surveys and remote sensing data were used to carry out DoD analysis (DEM of difference) and IC (Index of Connectivity) computation. On the one hand, evidence of erosion was identified in the upstream portion of the basin, especially on the Bordina Stream sub-catchment, where the riverbed deepened by more than 3.0 m. On the other hand, the event caused deposition of more than 1.5 m along the valley floor of the Tegnas River basin, modifying catchment-scale sediment connectivity and highlighting the different response of the basin according to the channel steepness. For this reason, in the forthcoming future, second-step consequences will occur producing cascading processes affecting the morphology and the equilibrium of the entire system. Therefore, the comprehension of these mechanisms will give important tips for future management strategies that will permit to decrease risks and to guarantee the maintenance of the natural appearance of the San Lucano valley.
Martini L.; Picco L.; Rainato R.; Pellegrini G.; Lenzi M.A.; Cavalli M., 2020, Investigating the geomorphic change in the Rio Cordon basin (Italy) after Vaia Storm,
10th Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, pp. 1774–1781, Delft, Netherlands, 7-10 July 2020,
Abstract
natural disturbances are the cause of major instabilities for river systems as they can rapidly ...
natural disturbances are the cause of major instabilities for river systems as they can rapidly overturn the morphological features of the landscape at various spatial scales. On October 29, 2018, an extreme event named "Vaia" characterized by heavy rainfall and wind gusts reaching 200 km h affected part of North-Eastern Italy. Following the cascading processes caused by this event, several alpine catchments in the area featured significant geomorphic changes. The Rio Cordon catchment (5 km), located in the Agordino area (NE of Italy), is one of the few alpine catchments offering a long-term monitoring station for climatic conditions and sediment fluxes. After Vaia Storm, large amount of sediment was deposited into the storage area of the measuring station, where a volume of ~ 8000 m was measured. To understand the causes of such massive sediment transport, the present work aims at assessing qualitatively and quantitatively the variation of sediment source areas, as well as the channel geomorphic changes. Three different steps were performed at catchment scale_ i) update the sediment sources inventory; ii) DoD analysis; and iii) connectivity analysis to verify the (de)coupling of the sediment sources. Preliminary results showed the activation of several sediment sources, responsible for sediment contribution to the channel network. In particular, large lateral erosions within the main channel and the disruption of the armoured layer of the river bed seem to have represented the primary source of sediment. The results permitted to describe the geomorphic response of a high mountain basin to an extreme event, offering information for future management decisions.
Rossato S.[1], Ghirotti M.[2], Gabrieli F.[3], Livio F.[4], Bovo F.[3], Brezzi L.[3], Campedel P.[5], Cola S.[3], Ivy-Ochs S.[7], Martin S.[6], Mozzi P.[6], Pasuto A.[8], Rigo M.[1,6], Simonini P.[3], Surian N.[6], Viganò A.[5], Vockenhuber C.[7], Wolter A.[9], 2020, Learning from the past to face the future_ landslides in the Riave Valley (Eastern Alps, Italy).,
Alpine and Mediterranean Quaternary 33 (2020): 209–228. doi_10.26382/AMQ.2020.14,
DOI: 10.26382%2FAMQ.2020.14
Abstract
Landslides are a critical process in landscape evolution and may pose a serious threat to ...
Landslides are a critical process in landscape evolution and may pose a serious threat to people and infrastructure.
In the last decades, a growing interest in such phenomena has developed in the Alps, where narrow valleys are increasingly inhabited,
and landslides have caused several casualties. Understanding the driving factors, triggers, evolution, and impact of past
and future failures is of the utmost importance when dealing with land use and risk reduction. In this paper, four distinct case studies
are presented, showing how different approaches can interact and produce a comprehensive understanding of a landslide
event. All examples lie in the middle sector of the Piave Valley (NE Italy) and deal with failures that occurred in the distant past
(i.e., the historic Masiere di Vedana rock avalanche), in the near past (i.e., the 1963 Vajont event), in the present (i.e., the 60-years
-lasting Tessina landslide) and in the future (i.e., possible Mt. Peron instabilities). The final goal of the paper is to show how the
understanding of past landslides is fundamental to obtain reliable predictions on future failures, and how modelling designed to
predict the evolution of potential detachments can be applied to understand the dynamics of ancient events.
Brenna A.; Surian N.; Ghinassi M.; Marchi L., 2020, Survey of the vaia storm deposits in the tegnas catchment (Dolomites, Italy): Field data and evidence of sediment-water flow types,
Data in brief 33 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.dib.2020.106415,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.dib.2020.106415
Abstract
Brenna et al. [1] developed a survey protocol to collect evidence aimed at classifying flood ...
Brenna et al. [1] developed a survey protocol to collect evidence aimed at classifying flood deposits on the basis of the flow type that mobilized and deposited sediment. Such a survey protocol was adopted to characterize the flood deposits in a mountain catchment of the Dolomites (the Tegnas Torrent and its tributaries; drainage area of 51 km) after a high-magnitude hydrological event that occurred in October 2018 (the so-called "Vaia Storm"). In this article, we present the field data collected at thirty-two survey sites considering the geomorphological and sedimentological characteristics of the analysed sedimentary products and their effects on the vegetation. Data on the characteristics of the flood deposits have enabled recognizing the transport mechanisms that occurred during the Vaia Storm along the stream network [1]. Future applications of the survey protocol adopted in this study could compare and integrate the collected data with those presented in detail in this article.
Marchi, Lorenzo, Cazorzi, Federico, Arattano, Massimo, Cucchiaro, Sara, Cavalli, Marco, Crema, Stefano, 2020, Debris-flow data recorded in the Moscardo catchment (Italy),
2020,
Abstract
This dataset presents debris-flows data recorded in the Moscardo Torrent (eastern Italian Alps) between 1990 ...
This dataset presents debris-flows data recorded in the Moscardo Torrent (eastern Italian Alps) between 1990 and 2019. In this time interval, 30 debris flows occurred, and 26 of them were monitored by sensors installed on the channel, while four were only documented through post-event observations. Monitored data consist of debris-flow hydrographs, measured utilizing ultrasonic sensors, and rainfall.
Marco Cavalli, Marco Borga, Stefano Crema, Lorenzo Marchi, 2020, Progetto “GPR” “Approfondimento delle strategie di Governo della Pericolosità alluvionale a seguito dell’evento del 29 ottobre 2018 sul rio Rotiano” – Analisi delle variazioni morfologiche indotte nel conoide e lungo il canale del Rio Rotian dall’evento del 29 ottobre 2018,
2020,
Abstract
Nel presente rapporto si riportano le risultanze delle analisi DoD effettuate nell'area del conoide e ...
Nel presente rapporto si riportano le risultanze delle analisi DoD effettuate nell'area del conoide e lungo l'asta principale del Rio Rotian interessato da un ingente evento di colata detritica il 29 ottobre 2018.
Giorgia DALLA SANTA, Luca SCHENATO, Philippe PASQUIER, Antonio GALGARO, 2020, A Comparison Between Traditional and Hybrid Optic Fibre Based Ground Thermal Response Tests,
World Geothermal Congress 2020, Reykjavik, Iceland, 21-26/05/2021,
Abstract
The importance of analysing and understanding the entity of the ground thermal conductivity aimed at ...
The importance of analysing and understanding the entity of the ground thermal conductivity aimed at evaluating the heat exchange capability in ground-source heat-pump (GSHP) applications is crucial. The subsoil represents the limiting factor in borehole heat exchanger (BHE) field design for building conditioning, due to its immutability and the cumbersome expenses associated with the installation drilling phase. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the thermal properties of a geological setting_ laboratory analyses on sample corings, thermal response tests (TRTs) and distributed TRTs carried out with fibre optic sensors. In this regard, a GSHP system of more than 60 BHEs 120m deep has been realized at the new humanistic campus of the University of Padova (Italy). The coring provided a detailed stratigraphic sequence of unconsolidated alluvial deposits. Besides, the monitoring well has been equipped with a hybrid optical fibre cable integrating some electrical wires conductors and a bundle of fibre optics, sealed into the well. The fibre optic cable has been used here in an active mode to perform an Enhanced Thermal Response Test (ETRT) by injecting a constant heating power through the electrical wires contained within the cable structure and by measuring the transient thermal behaviour of the borehole. This kind of TRT has distributed features because exploits the optical fibre sensing technology to provide a spatial distributed representation of the behaviour of the subsoil along the stratigraphic succession. In the paper, the data acquired from the distributed ETRT have been analysed with two different method (analysis of the measured temperature by applying the first-order approximation of the infinite line-source model and the derivative analysis); the results are compared each other and to the global thermal conductivity provided by the traditional TRT in relation to the local stratigraphic succession.
Luca Schenato, Alessandro Pasuto, Riccardo Veronese, Gianluca Guerra, Gianluca Marcon, Andrea Galtarossa, Luca Palmieri, 2020, AN OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE FOR DISTRIBUTED PRESSURE SENSING WITH HIGH RESOLUTION AND SENSITIVITY,
Italian Conference on Optics and Photonics - ICOP 2020, Parma, 8-11/09/2020,
Abstract
In this work, we present an optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing employing standard ...
In this work, we present an optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing employing standard single-mode fibres. The
cable can be interrogated with a distributed strain sensing interrogator, either based on Rayleigh or Brillouin scattering. By
using an optical frequency domain reflectometer with 1 ?? of strain resolution on a cable prototype, we found that the spatial
resolution is approx. 8.5 cm, and the pressure resolution and accuracy are approximately 5 Pa and 10 hPa, respectively.
Luca Schenato, Pia R. Tecca, Andrea M. Deganutti, Hugo F. Martins, Andrés García-Ruiz, María del Rosario Fernández-Ruiz, Sonia Martín-López, Francesco Zarattini, Antonio Pol, Fabio Gabrieli, Riccardo Veronese, Gianluca Guerra, Gianluca Marcon, Andrea Galtarossa, Alessandro Pasuto, Miguel González-Herráez, Luca Palmieri, 2020, DETECTING DEBRIS FLOWS BY DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING,
Italian Conference on Optics and Photonics - ICOP 2020, Parma, 8-11/09/2020,
Abstract
In this work, we have monitored some debris flows in an artificial inclined flume, instrumented ...
In this work, we have monitored some debris flows in an artificial inclined flume, instrumented with approx. 800 m of fiber,
wound in 20 coils. The fiber was interrogated using a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system based on a chirped-pulses
phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer and the acquired signals were analyzed confirming the viability of DAS for
debris flows monitoring.
Lorenzo Marchi, Marco Cavalli, Giacomo Tedesco, 2020, Progetto “GPR” “Approfondimento delle strategie di Governo della Pericolosità alluvionale a seguito dell’evento del 29 ottobre 2018 sul rio Rotiano” – Analisi granulometriche,
2020,
Abstract
Le caratteristiche granulometriche della colata detritica che ha interessato il rio Rotiano ed il suo ...
Le caratteristiche granulometriche della colata detritica che ha interessato il rio Rotiano ed il suo conoide il 29 ottobre 2018, d'interesse per la caratterizzazione del fenomeno e la sua analisi modellistica sono state oggetto di rilievi eseguiti in luoghi e tempi differenti e con diversi metodi. Il rapporto raccoglie e presenta in modo omogeneo le analisi granulometriche finora (dicembre 2020) effettuate da diverse persone e istituzioni nel bacino e sul conoide del rio Rotiano.
Lorenzo Marchi, Marco Cavalli, Gianluca Marcato, 2020, Progetto “GPR” “Approfondimento delle strategie di Governo della Pericolosità alluvionale a seguito dell’evento del 29 ottobre 2018 sul rio Rotiano” – Note sul cedimento di opere di sistemazione in conseguenza di eventi torrentizi intensi,
WP5.01.2020, 2020,
Abstract
Il rapporto presenta e discute una serie di casi, tratti dalla dalla letteratura tecnico-scientifica e ...
Il rapporto presenta e discute una serie di casi, tratti dalla dalla letteratura tecnico-scientifica e dall'esperienza degli autori, di opere di sistemazione idraulica (specialmente briglie) danneggiate o collassate in conseguenza di piene torrentizie o colate detritiche.
Lorenzo Marchi, 2020, Progetto “GPR” “Approfondimento delle strategie di Governo della Pericolosità alluvionale a seguito dell’evento del 29 ottobre 2018 sul rio Rotiano” – Commento alle registrazioni video nella zona del camping di Dimaro,
WP2.01.2020, 2020,
Abstract
Il rapporto sintetizza e commenta brevemente la riprese effettuate da 7 telecamere nella zona del ...
Il rapporto sintetizza e commenta brevemente la riprese effettuate da 7 telecamere nella zona del campeggio di Dimaro durante l'evento alluvionale che ha interessato il rio Rotiano il 29 ottobre 2018
L. Marchi, G. Bossi, M. Cavalli, S. Crema, M. Mantovani, G. Marcato, A. Pasuto, A. Sarretta, G. Tedesco, A. Barizza, 2020, Accordo di collaborazione per lo studio di interventi per la mitigazione del rischio da colate detritiche in località Velt – Rapporto finale con integrazioni,
Velt.03.2020, 2020,
Abstract
Il rapporto presenta le attività svolte nel quadro dell'Accordo di collaborazione fra il Comune di ...
Il rapporto presenta le attività svolte nel quadro dell'Accordo di collaborazione fra il Comune di Sauris ed il CNR IRPI, avente per oggetto l'approfondimento della conoscenza delle caratteristiche geolitologiche dei bacini idrografici della zona Velt, con particolare riguardo alla caratterizzazione delle colate detritiche e all'individuazione preliminare degli interventi di mitigazione.
Zhang G.; Cui P.; Jin W.; Zhang Z.; Wang H.; Bazai N.A.; Li Y.; Liu D.; Pasuto A., 2020, Changes in hydrological behaviours triggered by earthquake disturbance in a mountainous watershed,
Science of the total environment (2020). doi_10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143349,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2020.143349
Abstract
Landslides induced by strong earthquakes often destroy large amounts of landscape vegetation which can trigger ...
Landslides induced by strong earthquakes often destroy large amounts of landscape vegetation which can trigger significant changes in runoff potential and flood flow. Little is known about hydrological behaviours imposed by co-seismic landslides and their post-earthquake evolution. Therefore, we collected time-series datasets (2007-2018) of underlying surface conditions (USC) changes including landslide expansion and recovery in a watershed affected by the Wenchuan earthquake to further quantify how the large physical disturbance affected the flood hydrological behaviours. The hydrological model HEC-HMS was calibrated and validated to predict the historical hydrological behaviours based on 5 min time-series data in rainfalls and streamflow (2018-2019), showing a good model performance with a mean Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.76. It was found that, shortly after the earthquake, the sharp expansion with 11% of landslide areas elevated the magnitudes of runoff potential, peak discharge, and runoff volume by >10%, and the peak to time for the high-magnitude flood was advanced by 25 min compared to the pre-earthquake levels. The tipping point along the hydrological disturbance-recovery trajectory was detected within 2011 with higher flood peaks and volumes, and the periods of 2011-2013 (i.e. 3-5 years post-earthquake) were deemed to be a rapid recovery period, revealing an unstable hydrological function. These findings are significant for clearly understanding the magnitude and timing, as well as greater risks of post-earthquake catastrophic flooding in earthquake-stricken regions. Additionally, the post-earthquake accompanied rainstorm-induced geohazards, which limited the recovery of landscape vegetation, triggering an undulant but clear recovery process (1-7 years post-earthquake) of hydrological behaviours. These findings promoted our understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of hydrological behaviours triggered by the earthquake, and further contribute to the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies for the unpredictable flash floods triggered by future abrupt natural hazards in earthquake-affected regions.
Alessandro Pasuto, Giulia Bossi, Matteo Mantovani, Gianluca Marcato, Luca Schenato, Giacomo Tedesco, Giacomo Titti, 2020, ATTIVITÀ DI GESTIONE, MANUTENZIONE, VALIDAZIONE E INTERPRETAZIONE DEI DATI RELATIVAMENTE AL SISTEMA DI MONITORAGGIO DELLE FRANE DEL TESSINA E DI LAMOSANO NEL PERIODO DAL 01.09.2019 AL 31.08.2020,
2020,
Abstract
report delle attività svolte durante il II anno di convenzione delle frane di Lamosano e ...
report delle attività svolte durante il II anno di convenzione delle frane di Lamosano e Tessina
Brenna A.; Surian N.; Ghinassi M.; Marchi L., 2020, Sediment-water flows in mountain streams_ Recognition and classification based on field evidence,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 371 (2020): 1–18. doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107413,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2020.107413
Abstract
Sediment transport in mountain streams occurs through different flow types that are categorized in accordance ...
Sediment transport in mountain streams occurs through different flow types that are categorized in accordance with hydraulics and physical properties of a flowing material, and considering the dominant transport mechanism as debris flow, debris flood, hyperconcentrated flow, and water flow. Given that directly monitoring transport processes is often infeasible, a sound alternative to process recognition is to consider the morphological and sedimentological features of related deposits--attributes that chiefly depend on flow type. Accordingly, this work developed a post-flood survey protocol for distinguishing various flow types on the basis of the geomorphological and sedimentological features of deposits and their effects on vegetation. The case study selected for developing and applying the protocol is the Tegnas catchment (Dolomites, Italy), a mountain basin affected by an intense storm in October 2018. We conducted a literature review to identify diagnostic evidence for identifying different flow types and developed a survey form to ease data collection and interpretation. Field surveys were integrated with grain size analyses, measurements of the inclination angle (?) of imbricated clasts, and estimations of organic content (OM) in deposits. Field criteria allowed us to classify each channel sub-reach in accordance with the characteristics of flood deposits. The main stem of the catchment and its steep tributaries were characterized mainly by water and debris flow processes, respectively. Nevertheless, our survey also showed that debris floods occurred in several sub-reaches of the main stem and tributaries. The comparison of ? and OM under different flow type deposits uncovered significant differences in ? and slight differences in OM. The findings led us to conclude that a combination of field diagnostic criteria and quantitative measurements of additional parameters in a post-flood survey enables a reliable recognition of flow types.
Cavalli M., Crema S., Marchi L., 2020, Structural sediment connectivity assessment through a geomorphometric approach review of recent applications,
Geomorphometry 2020, pp. 212–215, Perugia (Italy), 22-26/06/2020 (rinviata al 2021),
Abstract
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water ...
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water and sediment through itself
by means of coupling relationships between its components, has become a key issue in sediment transfer processes analysis and one
of the building blocks of modern geomorphology. The growing availability of high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
offers new opportunities for the characterization of sediment connectivity spatial patterns. An index of sediment connectivity,
based on DEM derivatives as drainage area, slope, flow length and surface roughness, has been recently developed along with related
freeware software tool (SedInConnect). The index aims at depicting spatial connectivity patterns at the catchment scale to support the
assessment of the contribution of a given part of the catchment as sediment source and define sediment transfer paths. The increasing
interest in the quantitative characterization of the linkages between landscape units and the straightforward applicability of this index
led to numerous applications in different contexts. Such works demonstrate that, when carefully applied considering the intrinsic
limitations of the geomorphometric approach, the index can rapidly provide a spatial characterization of sediment dynamics, thus
improving the understanding geomorphic system behavior and, consequently, hazard and risk assessment. This work presents and
discusses the main applications of this sediment connectivity index.
Bollati I. M., Cavalli M.,, 2020, Geomorphic systems, sediment connectivity and geomorphodiversity_ relations within a small mountain catchment in the Lepontine Alps,
Geomorphometry 2020, pp. 50–54, Perugia (Italy), 22-26/06/2020 (rinviata al 2021),
Abstract
Mountain regions are characterized by a spatial geomorphic heterogeneity that confers to the environment a ...
Mountain regions are characterized by a spatial geomorphic heterogeneity that confers to the environment a significant geomorphodiversity, functioning as a substrate for biodiversity. It is hence important to understand the geomorphic dynamics and its
evolution in space and time. A different spatial scale approach was developed to evaluate the relationship existing among
geomorphological processes, sediment connectivity and geomorphodiversity. The study areas are the Veglia-Devero Natural
Park (Lepontine Alps) and a small mountain catchment (Buscagna the natural park scale, a preliminary geomorphological map was
realized and then the index of Geomorphodiversity was computed highlighting the differentiation between the two sides of the
Buscagna glacial valley. In the Buscagna catchment where also the index of Connectivity was calculated, the integrated analysis of the
two indices allowed to identifying different geomorpho-connectivity sectors, testifying the role of geomorphic processes in regulating
sediment fluxes and, consequently, controlling landscape units.
Paola Salvati, Ivan Marchesini, Carmela Vennari, Marco Donnini, Cinzia Bianchi, Alessandro Sarretta, and Domenico Casarano, 2020, An approach to organize loss data related to geo-hydrological hazards,
EGU General Assembly 2020, online, 4-8 May 2020,
Abstract
Most commonly, geo-hydrological hazards (i.e., landslide, flood, sinkhole) occur in response to a single trigger ...
Most commonly, geo-hydrological hazards (i.e., landslide, flood, sinkhole) occur in response to a single trigger like an intense rainfall event, a prolonged rainfall period, a rapid snowmelt event, an earthquake. Multiple damaging processes (phenomena) occurring in response to a single trigger can cause a cumulative socio-economic impact, which is often difficult to quantify and to attribute to each single damaging processes (landslide, or a group of landslides, or a single inundation). As a consequence, after a geo-hydrological disaster occurs, media, insurance companies and international institutions publish numerous assessments of the cost of the disaster based on different methodologies and approaches, often reaching different results. At European level, EC Directives related to natural hazards prove standards for the collection of data focusing their attention mainly on codifying the processes, their attributes and their spatial extent, leaving out the important issue of rigorously classifying the damaged elements and the loss data. Lack of standards contributes negatively to the paucity of damage information and cost data, fundamental for the successive ex-post analysis aimed at quantitatively risk evaluation. In Italy, despite the frequency of the significant socio-economic impacts due to geo-hydrological hazards, few attempts have been made to estimate the economic cost of geo-hydrological hazards. These loss estimations are mainly based on cost components of the public budget for post-event restorations and reimbursements, hampering the possibility to distinguish between the private and public sector losses. The loss estimates do not distinguish the costs (i) by type of processes (landslides, flash floods, floods and other damaging events) responsible for the damage, and (ii) by expenditure items (restoration actions or mitigation activities). LAND-deFeND, a recently developed database structure, represents an effort to manage all the issues that can arise when storing, organizing and analysing information on losses related to geo-hydrological hazards with different levels of accuracy and at different geographical scales, from the national to the local scale.
Luca Schenato, Gianluca Marcato, 2020, Rapporto tecnico sulla tecnologia di interrogazione individuata motivata da un’analisi degli aspetti positivi e negativi delle diverse tecnologie disponibili,
D1.1, 2020,
Abstract
Rapporto tecnico sulla tecnologia di interrogazione di ancoraggi compositi individuata motivata da un'analisi degli aspetti ...
Rapporto tecnico sulla tecnologia di interrogazione di ancoraggi compositi individuata motivata da un'analisi degli aspetti positivi e negativi delle diverse tecnologie disponibili
Luca Schenato; Andrea Galtarossa; Alessandro Pasuto; Luca Palmieri, 2020, Distributed optical fiber pressure sensors,
Optical fiber technology (Online) 58 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102239,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.yofte.2020.102239
Abstract
The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for ...
The measurement of pressure by using distributed optical fiber sensors has represented a challenge for many years. While single-point optical fiber pressure sensors have reached a solid level of technology maturity, showing to be very good candidates in replacing conventional electrical sensors due to their numerous advantages, distributed sensors are still a matter of an intense research activity aimed at determining the most proper and robust pressure-sensitivity enhancement mechanism. This paper reviews early and recent works on distributed pressure sensors, classifying the sensors according to the sensing mechanism. For each type of mechanism, the issues and potentials are analyzed and discussed.
Luca Schenato, Gianluca Marcato, 2020, Rapporto tecnico sulla metodologia di integrazione,
D1.3, 2020,
Abstract
Rapporto tecnico sulla metodologia di integrazione di cavi in fibra ottica per il monitoraggio strutturale ...
Rapporto tecnico sulla metodologia di integrazione di cavi in fibra ottica per il monitoraggio strutturale di ancoraggi compositi
Luca Schenato, Gianluca Marcato, 2020, Rapporto tecnico sulle caratteristiche del cavo da integrare nel rinforzo passivo, alla luce dei dati di letteratura ed esperienze precedenti e delle specifiche del sistema di interrogazione,
D1.2, 2020,
Abstract
Rapporto tecnico sulle caratteristiche del cavo in fibra ottica per il sensing dello strain da ...
Rapporto tecnico sulle caratteristiche del cavo in fibra ottica per il sensing dello strain da integrare nell'ancoraggio geotecnico, alla luce dei dati di letteratura ed esperienze precedenti e delle specifiche del sistema di interrogazione
Arziliero L., Bettella M., Cavalli M., Tornielli V., 2020, L’applicazione di analisi morfometriche speditive sulle colate rapide della Val Lapisina (Treviso),
Analisi e attività di mitigazione dei processi geo-idrologici in Italia, pp. 97–104, Roma, 29/11/2019,
Abstract
Il presente contributo intende esporre un caso studio per la definizione di aree a maggior ...
Il presente contributo intende esporre un caso studio per la definizione di aree a maggior probabilità di coinvolgimento da parte di fenomeni di colata rapida lungo il versante detritico posto in sinistra idrografica della Val Lapisina in comune di Vittorio Veneto (TV). Vengono presi in considerazione gli effetti delle colate avvenute nel recente passato e oggetto di segnalazione agli enti competenti nonché le caratteristiche delle stesse osservate durante i sopralluoghi. A questo riguardo è corretto informare che i dati storici disponibili sono in realtà limitati in quanto essi non contemplano la totalità dei fenomeni accaduti nel corso degli anni ma solamente la frazione di questi che ha in qualche maniera coinvolto bersagli significativi, in questo caso rappresentati dalle infrastrutture viarie (SS n. 51 di Alemagna, linea ferroviaria VE-BL, parte basale dell'Autostrada A27), con conseguente attenzione per la pubblica incolumità da parte degli enti pubblici e dei gestori delle stesse. L'analisi per una gestione delle priorità d'intervento che viene esposta, si basa sull'integrazione dei metodi classici con un innovativo approccio metodologico speditivo di tipo geomorfometrico. Il metodo applicato consente di individuare, con pochi dati e una definizione adatta allo scopo, le aree del versante in cui è più probabile l'innesco di colate detritiche, fenomeni che si manifestano
specificatamente in occasione di precipitazioni piovose abbondanti e concentrate in aree relativamente confinate.
Marco Cavalli, Stefano Crema, Lorenzo Marchi, Carlo Gregoretti, Velio Coviello, Andreas Schimmel, Francesco Comiti, Alessandro Pasuto, 2020, Relazione Tecnica (revisione 01) – Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica ex art. 15 della l.241,
2020,
Abstract
Il presente rapporto presenta le attività della dell'Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica (nel seguito_ Accordo) tra ...
Il presente rapporto presenta le attività della dell'Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica (nel seguito_ Accordo) tra l'Agenzia Regionale per la Prevenzione e Protezione Ambientale del Veneto (ARPAV), il Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (CNR IRPI), l'Università degli Studi di Padova Dipartimento TESAF (UNIPD) e la Libera Università di Bolzano (UNIBZ) nell'ambito della definizione delle soglie di preallarme e allarme e delle logiche di funzionamento del Sistema di monitoraggio e allarme di Cancia.
Sulla base di quanto previsto dall'Art. 1 dell'Accordo, il presente documento descrive le attività condotte e presenta i risultati ottenuti relativamente a_
I. Definizione di soglie pluviometriche di preallarme;
II. Definizione di soglie di allarme legate ai sensori di livello;
III. Definizione di soglie di allarme legate ai geofoni;
IV. Definizione di logiche di funzionamento del Sistema e periodo di attivazione;
V. Valutazione e implementazione del criterio volumetrico.
Come previsto nell'Art. 2 dell'Accordo, il CNR IRPI ha svolto il ruolo di coordinatore delle attività tecniche effettuate in collaborazione con UNIPD e UNIBZ e ha analizzato i dati pregressi raccolti dal Sistema di allerta e monitoraggio di Cancia, nonché i dati idrologici storici ARPAV della zona per la definizione delle soglie pluviometriche di preallarme del Sistema.
UNIPD ha analizzato i dati pregressi raccolti dal Sistema relativi ai sensori di livello ed ai cavi a strappo per la definizione delle soglie di allarme legate ai sensori di livello.
Le analisi condotte da UNIBZ hanno riguardato i dati sismici raccolti del Sistema per la definizione soglie di allarme legate ai segnali forniti dai geofoni e l'implementazione di un criterio volumetrico per la definizione delle logiche di funzionamento del Sistema tale da discriminare, attraverso i sensori a disposizione, le colate di magnitudo ridotta, destinate a fermarsi nella parte alta del bacino, da quelle in grado di raggiungere le due piazze di deposito di Cancia.
CNR IRPI, UNIPD e UNIBZ hanno lavorato congiuntamente, ed in stretta collaborazione con ARPAV, alla definizione di logiche di funzionamento del sistema basate su differenti scenari, periodo di attivazione e alternative di gestione in caso di malfunzionamento di uno o più sensori.
Cucchiaro S.; Maset E.; Cavalli M.; Crema S.; Marchi L.; Beinat A.; Cazorzi F., 2020, How does co-registration affect geomorphic change estimates in multi-temporal surveys?,
GIScience and remote sensing 57 (2020): 611–632. doi_10.1080/15481603.2020.1763048,
DOI: 10.1080%2F15481603.2020.1763048
Abstract
High-Resolution Topography (HRT) data sets are becoming increasingly available, improving our ability and opportunities to ...
High-Resolution Topography (HRT) data sets are becoming increasingly available, improving our ability and opportunities to monitor geomorphic changes through multi-temporal Digital Terrain Models (DTMs). The use of repeated topographic surveys enables inferring the sediment dynamics of hazardous geomorphic processes such as floods, debris flows, and landslides, and allows us to derive important information on the risks often associated with these processes. The topographic surveying platforms, georeferencing systems, and processing tools have seen important developments in the last two decades, in particular Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) technology used in Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). Moreover, HRT data, produced through these techniques, changed a lot in terms of point cloud density, accuracy and precision over time. Therefore, old "legacy" data sets and recent surveys can often show comparison problems, especially when multi-temporal data are not homogeneous in terms of quality and uncertainties. In this context, data co-registration should be used to guarantee the coherence among multi-temporal surveys, minimizing, on stable areas, the distance between corresponding points acquired at different epochs. Although several studies highlight that this process is fundamental to properly compare multi-temporal DTMs, it is often not addressed in LiDAR post-processing workflows. In this paper we focus on the alignment of multi-temporal surveys in a topographically complex and rugged environment as the Moscardo debris-flow catchment (Eastern Italian Alps), testing various co-registration methods to align multi-temporal ALS point clouds (i.e. years 2003, 2009 and 2013) and the derived DTMs. In particular, we tested the pairwise registration with manual correspondences, the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm and a mathematical model that allows aligning simultaneously a generic number of point clouds, the so-called Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA), also in its GPA-ICP variant. Then, to correct the possible small inaccuracies generated from the gridding interpolation process, a custom-developed DTM co-registration tool (GRD-CoReg) was used to align gridded data. Both alignment phases (i.e. at point cloud and DTM level) proved to be fundamental and allowed us to obtain proper and reliable DTMs of Difference (DoDs), useful to quantify the debris mobilized and to detect the spatial and temporal patterns of catchment-scale erosion and deposition. The consistency of DoDs data was verified through the comparison between the erosion estimate of DoDs and the volumes of debris-flow events measured by the monitoring station close to the Moscardo torrent catchment outlet. The GPA-ICP algorithm followed by the GRD-CoReg tool proved to be the most effective solution for improving DoDs results with a decrease of systematic trend due to vertical and horizontal uncertainties between surveys, especially at steep slopes. The net volume difference (i.e. the sediment output from the catchment) of the 2003-2013 period changed from 3,237,896 m to 135,902 m in DoDs obtained from not co-registered and co-registered DTMs. The volume of debris flows measured at the catchment outlet during the same time interval amounts to 169,660 m. The comparison with debris-flow volume measures at the monitoring station shows, therefore, that the DTMs obtained from the co-registration processes generate more reliable DoDs than those obtained from the raw DTMs (without the alignment).
Schenato, Luca; Pasuto, Alessandro; Galtarossa, Andrea; Palmieri, Luca, 2020, An Optical Fiber Distributed Pressure Sensing Cable with Pa-Sensitivity and Enhanced Spatial Resolution,
IEEE sensors journal 20 (2020): 5900–5908. doi_10.1109/JSEN.2020.2972057,
DOI: 10.1109%2FJSEN.2020.2972057
Abstract
In this paper, a high-sensitive, high-spatial resolution distributed pressure sensing cable employing standard single-mode fibers ...
In this paper, a high-sensitive, high-spatial resolution distributed pressure sensing cable employing standard single-mode fibers is presented and implemented. If measured with a distributed strain sensing interrogator with 1 ?varepsilon resolution, the pressure resolution and accuracy demonstrated with this prototype are approximately 5 Pa and 10 hPa, respectively, with an intrinsic maximum spatial resolution of 8.5 cm. In terms of Rayleigh spectral shift, the sensitivity is about-30 GHz/kPa. Above all, the interrogation of the cable does not require an interrogator with such high spatial resolution, and the design is compliant with any optical fiber distributed strain sensing technique, such as Brillouin-and Rayleigh-based ones.
Martini L.; Faes L.; Picco L.; Iroume A.; Lingua E.; Garbarino M.; Cavalli M., 2020, Assessing the effect of fire severity on sediment connectivity in central Chile,
Science of the total environment 728 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139006,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2020.139006
Abstract
Chilean territory is recurrently affected by severe wildfires, which drastically reduce the forest cover and ...
Chilean territory is recurrently affected by severe wildfires, which drastically reduce the forest cover and promote runoff, soil erosion and slope instabilities. To understand how the geomorphic system responds to wildfires in terms of sediment dynamics, the assessment of sediment connectivity, i.e. the property describing the relationships between compartments of a geomorphic system, is crucial. This study aims to quantify the spatial linkages between fire severity and sediment connectivity to identify common patterns and driving factors. The compound use of field data and open-source satellite imagery helped to apply the Relative differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (RdNBR) and the Index of Connectivity (IC) in the context of two consecutive wildfires, occurred in 2002 and 2015, in the Rio Toro catchment (Chile). The fire severity assessment showed that the 2002 event affected 90% of the catchment, with high severity areas representing around 70%. The 2015 wildfire instead, affected 76% of the catchment with moderate severity around 42%. Accordingly, as result of the sudden reduction in forest cover in severely affected areas, the IC changed after both wildfires with an overall increase of 1.07 and 0.54, respectively. However, only for the second disturbance, it was possible to observe a clear relationship between the RdNBR and the IC variations. The different degree of vegetation cover heterogeneity between the two pre-wildfire scenarios contributed to different fire severity and IC variability between the two disturbances. The use of open-source satellite data and the development of a weighting factor (W), to be used in IC and able to capture the land cover change driven by the wildfires, could make the application of this approach straightforward, promoting its reproducibility in other catchments for land management and risk mitigation purposes.
Lorenzo Marchi, Massimo Arattano, Marco Cavalli, Federico Cazorzi, Stefano Crema, Sara Cucchiaro, 2020, Debris-flow data collected in the Moscardo Torrent (eastern Italian Alps) between 1990 and 2019,
EGU General Assembly 2020, Vienna (Austria), 4-8 May 2020,
Mattia Zaramella, Lorenzo Marchi, Francesco Marra, Francesco Comiti, Stefano Crema, Mattia Marchio, and Marco Borga, 2020, Role of stationary convective bands and antecedent conditions on the flood response to the Vaia storm (October 27-30, 2018) in the Eastern Italian Alps,
EGU General Assembly 2020, Vienna (Austria), 4-8 May 2020,
Andrea Brenna, Nicola Surian, Marco Borga, Massimiliano Ghinassi, Lorenzo Marchi, 2020, Recognition and Occurrence of Different Sediment-Water Flows Triggered by High-Magnitude Hydrological Events in Mountain Catchments,
EGU General Assembly 2020, 4-8 May 2020,
M Zaramella, L Marchi, F Cazorzi, S Crema, M Cavalli, M Borga, 2020, Extreme Rainfall and Flooding from the Vaia Storm of October 27-30, 2018 in North-Eastern Italy,
PROCESSI IDROLOGICI ED EROSIVI NEI SISTEMI AGRARI ED AMBIENTALI - Giornata di studi in ricordo del Prof. Ing. Marcello Niedda, edited by Mario Pirastru, Filippo Giadrossich, pp. 37–40, 2020,
Abstract
This work investigates rainfall and flood response for the
event that affected the eastern Italian Alps ...
This work investigates rainfall and flood response for the
event that affected the eastern Italian Alps on 27-30 October 2018
(the so-called "Vaia" storm). The event was characterized by
extreme cumulated precipitation (up to 850 mm in three days) and
wind, causing severe floods, landslides, loss of lives, extended
damages to forests, interruption of traffic and electricity supply, as
well as other infrastructural damages. The event was heavily influenced
by the regional orography and was characterized by a welldefined
rainfall hiatus which permits the identification of two consecutive
precipitation phases. The paper describes the main hydrometeorological
features of the event, reporting on the rainfall forcing
and on the results from a post-flood survey campaign which
allowed to provide estimates of peak discharges in the Piave River
basin, an area heavily impacted by the flood.
Annalisa Minelli, Caterina Bergami, Elisa Camatti, Mauro Bastianini, Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry, Alessandro Oggioni, Alessandro Sarretta, Alessandra Pugnetti, 2020, EcoNAOS: Open Science for marine long term data.,
EuroLag 9, Venezia, 20-24/01/2020,
Abstract
Open Science is increasingly pervading scientific communities, since the worth of sharing, beyond the results, ...
Open Science is increasingly pervading scientific communities, since the worth of sharing, beyond the results, research ideas, methods and tools, data and metadata is more and more recognized. Open Science principles applied to data, translate in FAIRness of data_ data must be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.
We present a case study on the Open Science approach applied to the valorization of a long term dataset, composed of abiotic parameters, phyto- and zooplankton, collected in 50 years (1965 to 2015) in the Northern Adriatic Sea (NAS), one of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites of the LTER-Italy network. We describe and discuss the different operational parts of the case study that are all connected in defining the "open research project lifecycle". Starting from the data, the lifecycle includes each step of the entire research project, with specific sharing strategies. Two main types of actions were undertaken_ (i) on data (e.g. data harmonization, metadatation, repository choice) and (ii) on the whole research process (e.g. publication of research ideas and results, sharing of source code and models, other dissemination actions).
The lessons learned through the realization of this case study, in particular the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the solutions adopted at each stage of the "project lifecycle", might be usefully generalized and extended also to other types of LTER transitional and marine sites. In particular, this might be the case of the Lagoon of Venice (LoV), another LTER-Italy site adjacent and connected to the NAS, where comparable data have been gathered as well. The more the time series on plankton and related variables are made available, according to the FAIR principles, the more it is possible to reconstruct and compare trends and dynamics, providing precious tools for detecting significant changes in response to global or local pressures and impacts.
Giacomo Tedesco, Gianluca Marcato, Giulia Bossi, Luca Schenato, 2020, Monitoraggio della galleria di San Lorenzo in rapporto ai movimenti franosi esterni nel periodo dal 22 novembre 2018 al 21 novembre 2019,
2020,
Abstract
La relazione finale del contratto di servizi tra ANAS Trieste (Prot.CDG-0273267-P del 14/05/2019) e il ...
La relazione finale del contratto di servizi tra ANAS Trieste (Prot.CDG-0273267-P del 14/05/2019) e il CNR IRPI Padova presenta i risultati di un anno di monitoraggio della galleria di San Lorenzo sulla Strada Statale 52 "carnica" danneggiata dai dissesti di versante in località Passo della Morte.
La relazione mostra i rilievi svolti in galleria e sul versante instabile, le misure strumentali vengono poi analizzate in dettaglio e associate alle forzanti meteo-climatiche. L'attività del corpo di frana dovuta alla tempesta Vaia e alle piogge intense della primavera e novembre 2019 ha permesso di definire il cinematismo dei conci di rivestimento definitivo danneggiati dalla frana di Passo della Morte.
Crema, Stefano; Llena, Manel; Calsamiglia, Aleix; Estrany, Joan; Marchi, Lorenzo; Vericat, Damia; Cavalli, Marco, 2020, Can inpainting improve digital terrain analysis? Comparing techniques for void filling, surface reconstruction and geomorphometric analyses,
Earth surface processes and landforms (Print) 45 (2020): 736–755. doi_10.1002/esp.4739,
DOI: 10.1002%2Fesp.4739
Abstract
The investigation of form and processes in geomorphology and ecology is highly dependent on topographic ...
The investigation of form and processes in geomorphology and ecology is highly dependent on topographic data_ a reliable digital terrain representation is in fact a key issue across environmental and earth sciences. In many cases, the processing of high-resolution topographic data (e.g., light detection and ranging (LiDAR), structure from motion) has to face issues such as void filling, vegetation/feature removal and interpolation accuracy that are usually related to (i) intrinsic limitations of the adopted technology, (ii) local conditions affecting the survey or (iii) specific design scenario. In this paper, we develop a methodology to test the accuracy of an image inpainting algorithm to fill data voids in complex mountain areas. The devised experiment exploits the availability of a high-resolution, LiDAR-derived digital terrain model and the inpainting approach accuracy is checked against some widely used interpolation techniques (natural neighbor, spline, inverse distance weighting, kriging). In order to better mimic the actual surface texture, a methodology to introduce local topographic variability to the interpolated surface is also presented. The results show a better performance of the inpainting algorithm especially in the case of complex and rugged topography. Two examples showing an effective usage and accuracy of the proposed technique are reported, highlighting the drawbacks that a poor surface representation can introduce. The whole procedure is made freely available within a Matlab (R) script with the addition of sample files. (c) 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (c) 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amponsah W.; Marra F.; Marchi L.; Roux H.; Braud I.; Borga M., 2020, Objective Analysis of Envelope Curves for Peak Floods of European and Mediterranean Flash Floods,
Climate Change, Hazards, and Adaptation Options, edited by Leal, W.F., Nagy, G., Borga, M., Chavez, D., Magnuszewski, A., pp. 267–276. Basel_ Springer Nature Switzerland, 2020,
Abstract
Flash floods rank highly among natural disasters in terms of number of affected people and ...
Flash floods rank highly among natural disasters in terms of number of affected people and number of fatalities. This paper analyzes the scaling of highest flash flood peaks at multiple spatial scales for different hydro-climatic regions in Europe and in the Mediterranean. The analysis is based on an integrated, high-resolution dataset of discharges concerning a number of high-intensity flash floods that occurred in these regions from 1991 to 2015. Quantile regression has permitted to define regional envelope curves of unit peak discharge versus drainage basin area, which summarize the current bound to extreme flash floods in a given region. Mean and standard error of the envelope curves' parameters are objectively derived, permitting to explore the similarities in the slopes of the regional envelope curves. Results show that the exponent of the envelope curves shows almost negligible variations among climatic region whereas the multiplier depends on the climatic regions.
Oss Cazzador D.; Rainato R.; Cavalli M.; Lenzi M.A.; Picco L., 2020, Integrated analysis of sediment source areas in an Alpine basin,
Catena (Cremling.) 188 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.catena.2019.104416,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.catena.2019.104416
Abstract
In Alpine environment, studying the evolution of sediment mobility from hillslopes to lower landforms and ...
In Alpine environment, studying the evolution of sediment mobility from hillslopes to lower landforms and channel network is a challenging task, mainly due to the complex interplay of erosion and colluvial processes, topographic features and climatic conditions. The combination of direct field surveys and digital terrain models can provide a good opportunity to accurately investigate the sediment delivery processes and improve the understanding of geomorphic sediment cascade. The main aim of this work is to analyze sediment dynamics in sediment source areas of an Alpine basin (Rio Cordon catchment, 5 km), integrating techniques that are usually applied separately_ sediment tracing with Passive Integrated Transponders (PITs) and DEM of Difference (DoD). Additionally, the relationship between rainfall characteristics and sediment source behavior was analyzed. Sediment transfer through source areas and the geomorphic evolution of those areas were analyzed by field investigations between October 2017 and September 2018. Specifically, eleven source areas with five different typologies were investigated by installing 268 tracers to analyze sediment mobility along hillslopes. The source areas and the tracers' displacements monitoring was carried out after snowmelt (late May 2018) and periodically during Summer 2018 (July, August and September. To investigate the geomorphic changes in source areas, high-resolution DEMs (0.05 m cell) were derived with a Structure from Motion (SfM) technique in two different periods, after snowmelt in early June 2018 and in the following September; the collection of these data permitted computation of DoDs. To analyze the rainfall characteristics, five rain gauging stations were used. Rainfall analysis revealed that three different events exceeded the threshold of a two-year recurrence interval for different durations, which in turn were considered to be triggering events for each monitored period. The tracers exhibited an interesting mobility rate (37.7%) with different dynamics for source typologies, while geomorphic evolution computed with DoDs showed consistent changes mainly in debris-flow channels and debris-flow deposits. The rainfall intensity resulted as a variable controlling the sediment mobility through the source areas, while the integration of the two methodologies highlighted how mobilized tracers originate mainly from erosional surfaces. The research provides a detailed analysis of hillslope dynamics in the surveyed area, providing increased knowledge regarding the delivery processes that act on sediment sources and better interpretations of sediment mobility in Alpine environments.
Acri, F. and Bastianini, M. and Bernardi Aubry, F. and Camatti, E. and Boldrin, A. and Bergami, C. and Cassin, D. and De Lazzeri, A. and Finotto, S. and Minelli, A. and Oggioni, A. and Pansera, M. and Sarretta, A. and Socal, G. and Pugnetti, A., 2020, A long-term (1965–2015) ecological marine database from the LTER-Italy Northern Adriatic Sea site_ plankton and oceanographic observations,
Earth system science data (Internet) 12 (2020): 215–230. doi_10.5194/essd-12-215-2020,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fessd-12-215-2020
Abstract
The present paper describes a database containing observations for 21 parameters of abiotic, phytoplankton, and ...
The present paper describes a database containing observations for 21 parameters of abiotic, phytoplankton, and zooplankton data collected in the northern Adriatic Sea region (Italy) from 1965 to 2015. Due to the long temporal coverage, the majority of parameters changed collection and analysis method over time. These variations are reported in the database and detailed in the paper.
Cola, S.; Brezzi, L.; Tchamaleu Pangop, F. C.; Palmieri, L.; Schenato, L.; Bisson, A.; Dalla Gassa, G., 2019, Time behaviour of new passive anchors on unstable slope monitored via optical fiber,
2nd International Conference on Natural Hazards and Infrastructure - ICONHIC 2019, Chania, 23 June 2019 - 26 June 2019,,
Abstract
Composite anchors are a new type of self-drilling reinforcements recently developed for the slope stabilization. ...
Composite anchors are a new type of self-drilling reinforcements recently developed for the slope stabilization. They consist in hollow bars equipped with some tendons, inserted and cemented in their inner hole after installation. Compared to traditional self-drilling anchors, they offer a higher tensile strength with small increments of cost. This aspect, combined with a high execution flexibility, has favoured their rapid diffusion in the last years. Similar to soil-nailing bars, they are passive reinforcements, but thanks to strand presence, they can be also used as active anchors. The bond strength at the soil-anchor interface is crucial for their design, because it controls the pull-out resistance and the long-term stabilization effects; however, the in-situ bond strength measurements performed in the past with traditional sensors have not always produced satisfactory outcomes. The paper presents some preliminary results obtained using distributed optical fibre sensors (DFOS) exploiting the optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) to measure the strain of a fibre embedded with the tendons inside the bar. This allows to reconstruct the interface action profile of three anchors installed on an active landslide. Upon an extensive validation, the system may become a standard practice to evaluate the effectiveness of these anchors with time.
