Publications

Publications found: 7385

2019: un altro anno disastroso per i ghiacciai italiani

Nigrelli G., 2019, 2019: un altro anno disastroso per i ghiacciai italiani, 2019,

Abstract
Bilanci di massa fortemente negativi, vistosi arretramenti delle fronti, significative riduzioni di spessore. Ma quale ...
Bilanci di massa fortemente negativi, vistosi arretramenti delle fronti, significative riduzioni di spessore. Ma quale sarà lo scenario nel 2050? Facciamo il punto della situazione.
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Divulgare la scienza con i social media_ è proprio così facile?

Nigrelli G., 2019, Divulgare la scienza con i social media_ è proprio così facile?, 2019,

Abstract
Al giorno d'oggi comunicare la scienza può sembrare facile. I social media offrono immense opportunità. ...
Al giorno d'oggi comunicare la scienza può sembrare facile. I social media offrono immense opportunità. Ma per fare una corretta divulgazione sono necessarie strutture apposite e persone competenti. Per capirne di più abbiamo raccolto il parere del Capo Ufficio stampa del CNR, Dott. Marco Ferrazzoli.
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A Stochastic Approach for the Analysis of Long Dry Spells with Different Threshold Values in Southern Italy

Beniamino Sirangelo, Tommaso Caloiero, Roberto Coscarelli, Ennio Ferrari, 2019, A Stochastic Approach for the Analysis of Long Dry Spells with Different Threshold Values in Southern Italy, Water (Basel) 11 (2019): 1–13. doi_10.3390/w11102026,

DOI: 10.3390%2Fw11102026

Abstract
A non-homogeneous Poisson model was proposed to analyze the sequences of dry spells below prefixed ...
A non-homogeneous Poisson model was proposed to analyze the sequences of dry spells below prefixed thresholds as an upgrade of a stochastic procedure previously used to describe long periods of no rainfall. Its application concerned the daily precipitation series in a 60-year time span at four rain gauges (Calabria, southern Italy), aiming at testing the different ehaviors of the dry spells below prefixed thresholds in two paired periods (1951-1980 and 1981-2010). A simulation analysis performed through a Monte Carlo approach assessed the statistical significance of the variation of the mean values of dry spells observed at an annual scale in the two 30-year periods. The results evidenced that the dry spells durations increased passing from the first 30-year period to the second one for all the thresholds analyzed. For instance, for the Cassano station, an increase of about 10% of the maximum dry spell duration was detected for a threshold of 5 mm. Moreover, the return periods evaluated for fixed long dry spells through the synthetic data of the period 1981-2010 were lower than the corresponding ones evaluated with the data generated for the previous 30-year period. Specifically, the difference between the two 30-year periods in terms of the return period of long dry spells occurrence increased with the growing thresholds. As an example, for the Cosenza rain gauge with a threshold of 1 mm, the return period for a dry spell length of 70 days decreased from 20 years (in 1951-1980) to about 10 years (in 1981-2010), while for a threshold of 5 mm, the return period for the dry spell lengths of 120 days decreases from 70 years to about 20 years. These results show a higher probability of the occurrence of long dry spells in the more recent period than in the past.
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High export of nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon from an Alpine glacier (Indren Glacier, NW Italian Alps)

Nicola Colombo, Daniele Bocchiola, Maria Martin, Gabriele Confortola, Franco Salerno, Danilo Godone, Michele Eugenio D'Amico, Michele Freppaz, 2019, High export of nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon from an Alpine glacier (Indren Glacier, NW Italian Alps), Aquatic sciences (Electron. ed.) (2019). doi_10.1007/s00027-019-0670-z,

DOI: 10.1007%2Fs00027-019-0670-z

Abstract
Mountain glaciers can export large amounts of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) to downstream aquatic ...
Mountain glaciers can export large amounts of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) to downstream aquatic ecosystems. To date, however, the number of studies that analysed concentrations and fluxes of N forms and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from glaciers in the European Alps and worldwide is limited, given the high complexity of data gathering in harsh high-elevation environments. In this work, we rely upon new, unexploited data from field campaigns pursued during 2012-2015 at high elevations (> 3000 m a.s.l.) of the Indren Glacier (NW Italian Alps) to (1) develop glacio-hydrological modelling and stream flow estimates within a heavily glacier-fed catchment, (2) provide N forms and DOC concentrations and estimated fluxes in meltwater, and (3) provide possible explanations of cryospheric control upon water chemistry. Water and soil samples were also collected at two lower-elevation sites along the glacial stream to investigate the downstream variability of N forms and DOC. Nitrate-N, dissolved organic nitrogen, and DOC concentrations (0.21 ± 0.12, 0.19 ± 0.14, 1.16 ± 0.63 mg L-1, respectively) and yields (220, 210, 1279 kg km-2 year-1, respectively) were among the highest considering other glaciated areas of the globe, probably due to high atmospheric N and C depositions. Limited effect of soil on water characteristics was found and attributed to the reduced soil development in recently deglaciated areas (after the Little Ice Age), thus underlining the role of glacier melting in determining N and C dynamics in high-elevation, Alpine surface waters.
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Rilievi idrogeologici e geofisici nel territorio di Lesina (FG)

Giorgio De Giorgio, Limoni Pier Paolo, Polemio Maurizio, 2019, Rilievi idrogeologici e geofisici nel territorio di Lesina (FG), Report_Lesina.docx, 2019,

Abstract
Rilievi idrogeologici ed indagini geofisiche eseguite nel territorio comunale di Lesina (FG). I rililievi ...
Rilievi idrogeologici ed indagini geofisiche eseguite nel territorio comunale di Lesina (FG). I rililievi idrogeologici hanno riguardato tre sondaggi e sono consistiti in rilievi del profilo multiparametrico e del profilo di velocità nella colonna idrica presente in ciascun sondaggio. Le indagini geofisiche di tipo geoelettrico (ERT - Electrical Resistance Tomography) sono state eseguite per fornire informazioni sulla distribuzione della resistività elettrica del sottosuolo.
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Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment

Maurizio Polemio and Kristine Walraevens (Eds.), 2019, Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment, Basilea: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2019,

Abstract
This book includes the Special Issue with the work of 30 scientists of 11 countries. ...
This book includes the Special Issue with the work of 30 scientists of 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and very particularly on some islands of the Pacific Ocean), with highly negative effects on coastal groundwater resources, widely affected by seawater intrusion. Some improved research methods are proposed in the contributions_ using innovative hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical monitoring; assessing impacts of the changing environment on the coastal groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality; and using modelling, especially to improve management approaches. The scientific research needed to face these challenges must continue to be deployed by different approaches based on the monitoring, modeling, and management of groundwater resources. Novel and more efficient methods must be developed to keep up with the accelerating pace of global change.
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An integrated framework to identify and analyze karst sinkholes

Zumpano, V.; Pisano, L.; Parise, M.; Parise, M., 2019, An integrated framework to identify and analyze karst sinkholes, Geomorphology (Amst.) 332 (2019): 213–225. doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.02.013,

DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2019.02.013

Abstract
Sinkholes are the most typical surface feature of karst landscapes. Their correct mapping is of ...
Sinkholes are the most typical surface feature of karst landscapes. Their correct mapping is of great importance for a proper assessment of the possible occurrence of new events, and the likely effects they could have on the anthropogenic environment. In this work we compare and discuss different ways to map sinkholes, including heuristic approach, automatic mapping through different resolution DTMs, and digital aerial photo interpretation, aimed at highlighting advantages and drawbacks of the multiple approaches. For our purpose we use a study area in the Murge of Apulia, SE Italy, where many sinkholes of several typologies are present to characterize the landscape. To evaluate the reliability of the sinkhole mapping, we set up a conceptual methodology that integrates a semi-automatic method with the heuristic approach, with a special focus on the importance of incorporating digital stereoscopic interpretation. In detail, we used as input two DTMs at different resolution, aimed to test the robustness of the automatic method in different circumstances. Comparison of the data produced by the different approaches illustrated how the number, density and boundaries of the sinkholes may vary as a function of the input data. The automated mapping provides reliable results in terms of number, dimensions, and morphometric attributes of sinkholes, and appears to be particularly useful when large areas must be analyzed. Within the whole process, we stress the role of the expert geomorphologist who must determine the accuracy of the product obtained with the automated mapping by correcting/eliminating features not attributable to karst processes. The presented approach highlights the potential of digital stereoscopy in substantially decreasing the errors encountered with traditional analog mapping, simultaneously reducing the working time significantly.
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Automatic Delineation of Slope Units and Terrain Classification of Italy (poster)

M. Alvioli, F. Guzzetti, I. Marchesini, 2019, Automatic Delineation of Slope Units and Terrain Classification of Italy (poster), Congresso Nazionale Parma 2019 - Il tempo del pianeta Terra e il tempo dell'uomo: le geoscienze tra passato e futuro, Parma, 16-19/09/2019,

Abstract
Automatic delineation of slope units and terrain classification of Italy Automatic subdivision of landscapes into terrain ...
Automatic delineation of slope units and terrain classification of Italy Automatic subdivision of landscapes into terrain units, in large areas and with homogeneous criteria, remains a challenge. Slope units (SUs) are irregular terrain units bounded by drainage and divide lines, with the requirement of maximizing geomorphological homogeneity within a single unit and heterogeneity between different ones (Guzzetti et al., 1999). SUs are suitable to describe a variety of processes_ to assess different natural hazards, for hydrological and erosion modelling, for geo-environmental, ecological, forestry, agriculture, and in general for studies requiring the identification of homogeneous terrain domains facing distinct directions. Nevertheless, their use has been hampered because of the lack of reliable software for their automatic delineation. For a given digital landscape, no unique SU partition exists. Any such partition is characterized by a granularity i.e., the size distribution of the SUs. Granularity varies in different landscapes and for different purpose of the terrain partition. We recently developed the r.slopeunits software (Alvioli et al, 2016), which can draw slope unit polygons on a digital surface. It provides an unambiguous and reproducible definition of slope units based on quantitative hydrologic and topographic criteria, allowing for a flexible yet well-defined SU delineation through an adaptive algorithm. The code is designed to quickly produce results on large areas. It requires a digital elevation model and a few input parameters, whose values must be optimized in a sound way, by means of multiple software runs and a proper objective function to be maximized. We propose a parameter-free SU map of the entire Italian territory, containing about 300,000 SU polygons. We optimized the map considering only objective morphometric quantities. To assess the validity of the nation-wide SU partition, we classified the whole of Italy into different categories using a clustering procedure, initialized using only morphometric properties of the SUs. We compared the classification form clustering with zonal statistics of independent quantities_ terrain elevation and slope, drainage density and lithology. The analysis confirmed that the SU partition was geomorphologically sound, suggesting that the proposed method is effective for a general-purpose SU delineation of a large, complex and heterogeneous landscape. The whole SU map is available for download (CNR-IRPI URL).
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The application of the Boolean Stochastic Generation Method to model seepage under levees in heterogenous soils

G. Bossi, L. Schenato F. De Polo C. Menegazzo, S. Cola, P. Simonini, 2019, The application of the Boolean Stochastic Generation Method to model seepage under levees in heterogenous soils, XVII European Conference on. Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1-6/9/2019,

Abstract
Soil heterogeneity plays an important role in incrementing the uncertainty about the reliability of geotechnical engineering ...
Soil heterogeneity plays an important role in incrementing the uncertainty about the reliability of geotechnical engineering works, especially levees. The presence of thin layers of soils more permeable than the surrounding matrix significantly changes the seepage flow net below and within the dike. However, the detection of these layers is extremely difficult. Consequently, to evaluate the overall safety of dikes it may be useful to adopt stochastic computation methods. The paper presents the calibration of a seepage model of an operational river embankment subject to sand boils. The levee, located along the Adige River (South Tyrol, Italy), has been monitored since 2016. Piezometers and spot temperature sensors are installed in the lateral banks while a distributed fiber optic sensors (FOS), buried in a 350 m long trench at the toe of the levee, is used to check temperature distribution in the subground. The Boolean Stochastic Generation (BoSG) method addressess the influence of layers of material with different properties with respect of the surrounding soil. 360 soil configurations were generated for a two-dimensional groundwater flow model of the levee and confronted with the monitoring data of two piezometers. This analysis permits to identify the configuration that has effects more congruent with piezometers data, which in this case is a configuration with a major presence of lenses on the waterside respect the fieldside. This evidence could guide strategies for remedial works.
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New Perspectives in Landslide Displacement Detection Using Sentinel-1 Datasets

Matteo Mantovani, Giulia Bossi, Gianluca Marcato, Luca Schenato, Giacomo Tedesco, Giacomo Titti and Alessandro Pasuto, 2019, New Perspectives in Landslide Displacement Detection Using Sentinel-1 Datasets, Remote sensing (Basel) 11 (2019). doi_10.3390/rs11182135,

DOI: 10.3390%2Frs11182135

Abstract
Space-borne radar interferometry is a fundamental tool to detect and measure a variety of ground ...
Space-borne radar interferometry is a fundamental tool to detect and measure a variety of ground surface deformations, either human induced or originated by natural processes. Latest development of radar remote sensing imaging techniques and the increasing number of space missions, specifically designed for interferometry analyses, led to the development of new and more effective approaches, commonly referred to as Advanced DInSAR (A-DInSAR) or Time Series Radar Interferometry (TS-InSAR). Nevertheless, even if these methods were proved to be suitable for the study of a large majority of ground surface dynamic phenomena, their application to landslides detection is still problematic. One of the main limiting factors is related to the rate of displacement of the unstable slopes_ landslides evolving too fast decorrelate the radar signal making the interferometric phase useless. This is the reason why A-DInSAR techniques have been successfully applied exclusively to measure very slow landslides (few centimetres per year). This study demonstrates how the C-band data collected since 2014 by the Sentinel-1 (S1) mission and properly designed interferometric approaches can pull down this restriction allowing to measure rate of displacements ten times higher than previously done, thus providing new perspectives in landslides detection. The analysis was carried out on a test site located in the Cortina d'Ampezzo valley (Eastern Italian Alps), which is affected by several earth flows characterized by different size and kinematics
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A Rugged Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor for Underground Water Level Monitoring

Luca Palmieri, Luca Schenato, Marco Calabrese, Alessandro Pasuto and Andrea Galtarossa, 2019, A Rugged Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor for Underground Water Level Monitoring, 7th International Symposium on Sensor Science, Napoli (ITALY), 9-11/05/2019,

Abstract
Pressure sensors have many fields of application, ranging from environmental monitoring to the oil and gas ...
Pressure sensors have many fields of application, ranging from environmental monitoring to the oil and gas industry. Different fiber optic sensors have been proposed for pressure measurement, but either they have small sensitivity, and hence are befitted for large pressure ranges, or they are based on interferometry, and hence require rather expensive laser sources. In this work, we present a rugged FBG sensor prototype capable of measuring underground water level with high sensitivity. The sensor exploits a 3D-printed highly-efficient mechanical transducer that converts external pressure in longitudinal strain along the fiber. The intrinsic temperature cross-sensitivity is compensated by the additional FBG embedded in the sensor. The structure is enclosed in an aluminum alloy case to withstand harsh environments and installation procedures. Pressure and temperature sensitivities of the sensor are about 20 pm / cm H 2 O and 17 pm/°C, respectively. The sensor has been designed to monitor the stability of dikes and embankments, by measuring the underground water level at their foot to detect anomalous filtration.
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Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor for Underground Water Level Monitoring

Luca Palmieri, Luca Schenato, Alessandro Pasuto, Andrea Galtarossa, 2019, Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor for Underground Water Level Monitoring, PIERS PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - PIER 2019, Rome, 17 - 20/06/2019,

Abstract
Pressure sensors find many uses in fields ranging from industry to environmental monitoring. In particular, they ...
Pressure sensors find many uses in fields ranging from industry to environmental monitoring. In particular, they can play a key role in the monitoring of dikes and embankments, where measurement of the underground water level is a good indicator of the structure stability. This specific application, however, requires high sensitivity and a relatively high longitudinal density of sensing points along the dike. While a distributed pressure sensor would be most befitted for this last requirement, high sensitivity distributed pressure sensors are not yet available nowadays, therefore the viable solution is a dense concatenation of point sensors. Different fiber- based approaches to point measurement of pressure have been presented in the literature. The simplest one is based on transducing pressure into optical losses, but usually this yields low sensitivity. Very high sensitivity can be achieved with interferometric pressure sensors, such as those based on Fabry-Perot cavities; yet both this and the previous approach are difficult to multiplex. From this point of view, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) offer the most effective way to implement a quasi-distributed sensing system; nevertheless, pressure sensitivity of bare FBG is as low as -3 pm/MPa.
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Highly-sensitive FBG pressure sensor based on a 3D-printed transducer

Luca Schenato ; Qiangzhou Rong ; Zhihua Shao ; Xueguang Qiao ; Alessandro Pasuto ; Andrea Galtarossa; Luca Palmieri, 2019, Highly-sensitive FBG pressure sensor based on a 3D-printed transducer, Journal of lightwave technology (Online) 37 (2019): 4784–4790. doi_10.1109/JLT.2019.2919917,

DOI: 10.1109%2FJLT.2019.2919917

Abstract
In this work, we describe a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor with high sensitivity. ...
In this work, we describe a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor with high sensitivity. The sensor exploits a 3D-printed mechanical transducer capable of converting the external pressure very efficiently into strain, measured by a first FBG, while a second one is used for temperature compensation. The pressure sensitivity of this sensor is found as high as 240 pm/kPa with an accuracy of 112 Pa over 10 kPa, which makes this sensor up to 80,000 times more sensitive than a bare fiber Bragg grating. Moreover, it is experimentally shown that it is capable of detecting fast dynamic pressure change up to 100 Hz. Thanks to these performances, this device can be used in many static and dynamic low-pressure measurement applications, and it is here demonstrated as a sub-millimetric surface water waves detector.
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Presentazione del volume “Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction Policies”

Loredana Antronico (1), Francesco De Pascale (1), Fausto Marincioni (2), 2019, Presentazione del volume “Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction Policies”, Geologia dell'ambiente 3/2019 (2019): 27–30.,

Abstract
Presentazione del volume "Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction Policies". Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk ...
Presentazione del volume "Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction Policies". Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction policies, editors L. Antronico and F. Marincioni, is a volume of the book series "Geographies of the Anthropocene" published by Il Sileno Edizioni. It collects 14 original essays, of authors from all around the World, exploring strategies and ability of local communities to adjust to natural hazard and disasters. The book, fostering the current scientific debate on disaster ecology, muses about the need for Homo sapiens to define its rights and responsibilities in environmental dynamics, including extreme events and disasters.
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Preparing first-time slope failures hazard maps_ form pixel-based to slope-unit based

G. Domènech (1), M. Alvioli (2), J. Corominas (3), 2019, Preparing first-time slope failures hazard maps_ form pixel-based to slope-unit based, Landslides (Berl., Print) (2019).,

Abstract
In this work, we present a novel quantitative geographical information system-based procedure to obtain the ...
In this work, we present a novel quantitative geographical information system-based procedure to obtain the magnitude (area) and frequency of medium to large first-time shallow slope failures. The procedure has been set up at the Barcedana Valley, in the Tremp Basin (Eastern Pyrenees). First, pixel-based susceptibility classes were defined using a slope stability index obtained with the physically-based model SINMAP. The frequency calculated from the number of first-time failures recorded during the last 60 years was thenis assigned to each susceptibility class. We have devised a procedure to estimate the size of potential failures by means of the aggregation of pixels within the boundaries of morphological slope units, optimized for the purpose. Finally, the landslide hazard wasis prepared using the magnitude-frequency matrix. Results show that a proper pixel clustering has been carried which avoids the generation of small groups of pixels with different susceptibility degrees within the same slope unit. For a given hillslope, the area of the cluster of pixels depends on the size of the slope unit, which is not unique as it depends on the criterion used to delineate them. Therefore, the latter is a key factor in the final results. In this study, we validated our results with the size distribution of the observed landslides. The methodology presented in this work can be applied using any susceptibility assessment method with a pixel-based output.
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An optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing_ a proof of concept

Luca Schenato; Alessandro Pasuto; Andrea Galtarossa; Luca Palmieri, 2019, An optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing_ a proof of concept, Seventh European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors, Limassol, Cyprus, L01-04/10/2019,

Abstract
In this paper, we describe an optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing. The cable ...
In this paper, we describe an optical fibre cable for distributed pressure sensing. The cable structure encodes the local pressure into strain exerted onto a standard optical fibre, embedded inside the cable following a meandering path. The cable has been designed and preliminarily tested by means of optical frequency domain reflectometry. Nonetheless, the cable can be interrogated by any optical fibre distributed strain sensing technique. Up to our knowledge, the proposed cable is the first real distributed fibre optic pressure sensing cable embedding standard fibres, capable of providing high- pressure sensitivity.
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Design and field testing of a fiber optic pressure sensor for underground water level monitoring

Luca Schenato; Juan Pablo Aguilar López; Andrea Galtarossa; Alessandro Pasuto; Thom Bogaard; Luca Palmieri, 2019, Design and field testing of a fiber optic pressure sensor for underground water level monitoring, Seventh European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors, Limassol, Cyprus, 01-04/10/2019,

Abstract
We present the design and field test of a rugged FBG sensor prototype for high-sensitivity ...
We present the design and field test of a rugged FBG sensor prototype for high-sensitivity measurement of underground water level. Pressure sensors have many fields of application, ranging from environmental monitoring to the oil and gas industry. In particular, pressure sensors can be used to monitor the stability of dikes and embankments by measuring the inner phreatic level at their foot to detect anomalous filtration and excess of pore pressures. For this application, rather high sensitivity at an affordable cost is required. Fiber optic pressure sensors have been explored with different solutions, but the technologies proposed so far have either small sensitivity, and hence are befitted for large pressure ranges, or are based on interferometry, and hence require rather expensive laser sources. The sensor described in this paper exploits a 3D-printed mechanical transducer to convert external pressure in longitudinal strain along the fiber. A second FBG, embedded in the sensor, is used to compensate for temperature cross-sensitivity. The structure is enclosed in an aluminum alloy case to withstand harsh environments and installation procedures. Pressure and temperature sensitivities of the sensor are about 20 pm/cm H2O and 17 pm/°C respectively. Three sensors of this kind have been successfully tested in a large scale dike at the Flood Proof Holland facility, in Delft, Netherlands.
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Multi-temporal analysis of the role of check dams in a debris-flow channel_ Linking structural and functional connectivity

Cucchiaro S., Cazorzi F., Marchi L., Crema S., Beinat A., Cavalli M., 2019, Multi-temporal analysis of the role of check dams in a debris-flow channel_ Linking structural and functional connectivity, Geomorphology (Amst.) 345 (2019). doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106844,

DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2019.106844

Abstract
Check dams represent one of themost common hydraulic engineering solution to manage debris-flow risk.However, the design ...
Check dams represent one of themost common hydraulic engineering solution to manage debris-flow risk.However, the design of these structures only rarely considers their impact on sediment connectivity and sediment fluxes, both at the channel reach and catchment scale. In the last two decades, High-Resolution Topography (HRT) provided fundamental data to analyse the morphology evolution of landscapes through the realization of sequential DTMs (Digital Terrain Models) and DTMs of Difference (DoDs). In the context of mountain catchments, HRT offers essential information on the evolution of erosion and deposition patterns and allows the application of multi-temporal geomorphometric indexes that can enrich the DoDs analysis with important data as the assessment of sediment connectivity. In this research, multi-temporal LiDAR-derived DTMs were used to derive DoDs and to perform a multi-temporal analysis of an index of sediment connectivity (IC) in three reaches of a debris-flow channel (Moscardo torrent, eastern Italian Alps) where several check dams have been built over time. The research aims at outlining the effects of torrent controlworks on sediment dynamics in steep channels affected by frequent debris flows. The integration of the difference of IC with DoD maps allowed quantifying the impact of newly built check dams on changes in sediment pathways and related erosion processes, highlighting a close relationship between structural and functional connectivity_ in areas where erosive processes prevailed, therewere increases in connectivity,while deposition areas showed a decrease of IC. The geomorphometric analyses show that the new check dams have affected the sediment transfer along the main channel but also the hillslope-to-channel connectivity by altering sediment pathways. In the Moscardo torrent, however, the strong impact of these structures on sediment transfer is not matched by long-termeffectiveness in debris-flow control.
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Quantification of irrigation water using remote sensing of soil moisture in a semi-arid region

Jalilvand, Ehsan; Tajrishy, Masoud; Ghazi Zadeh Hashemi, Sedigheh Alsadat; Brocca, Luca, 2019, Quantification of irrigation water using remote sensing of soil moisture in a semi-arid region, Remote sensing of environment 231 (2019): 111226. doi_10.1016/j.rse.2019.111226,

DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.rse.2019.111226

Abstract
Irrigated agriculture is the principal consumer of fresh water resources. Most countries do not have ...
Irrigated agriculture is the principal consumer of fresh water resources. Most countries do not have a precise measurement of water consumption for irrigation. In this study, an innovative approach is proposed that allows for estimation of irrigation water use at the catchment scale based on satellite soil moisture data. To this end, the SM2RAIN algorithm, which had been originally developed for estimation of rainfall from the soil moisture observations, is adopted. The satellite soil moisture observations obtained from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) along with different rainfall and evapotranspiration (ET) products in the period 2012-2015 are used as the input to the model. The methodology is tested in the agricultural plains of southern Urmia Lake, which is one of the main agricultural plains in Iran for which actual irrigation data is available. The results reveal that the proposed approach can capture the overall irrigation pattern, although; it is systematically overestimating irrigation volume compared to observed irrigation data. Thus the bias is calculated over largely non-irrigated pixels and used to modify the model estimates. The bias-corrected results show good agreement with the in situ irrigation data. In particular, the average model performance in the irrigated pixels in terms of R and RMSE (mm/month) are (0.86 and 12.895) respectively. Accuracy varied depending on the inputs, with improvement in order of 11% and 42% in R and RMSE depending on the inputs chosen. The method is also applied to less irrigated areas that result in obtaining significantly lower irrigation rates. The low spatial resolution of soil moisture products (i.e. ~50 km) makes it difficult to capture the irrigation water of small irrigated croplands. Unreliable rainfall and ET data can also lead to the over/underestimation of irrigation. In spite of the above limitations (particularly lack of reliable ET dataset), the proposed model can still capture the irrigation pattern, given that strong soil moisture signal from irrigation is detected by the satellite.
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Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective

Bloeschl, Gunter; Bierkens, Marc F. P.; Chambel, Antonio; Cudennec, Christophe; Destouni, Georgia; Fiori, Aldo; Kirchner, James W.; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.; Savenije, Hubert H. G.; Sivapalan, Murugesu; Stumpp, Christine; Toth, Elena; Volpi, Elena; Carr, Gemma; Lupton, Claire; Salinas, Jose; Szeles, Borbala; Viglione, Alberto; Aksoy, Hafzullah; Allen, Scott T.; Amin, Anam; Andreassian, Vazken; Arheimer, Berit; Aryal, Santosh K.; Baker, Victor; Bardsley, Earl; Barendrecht, Marlies H.; Bartosova, Alena; Batelaan, Okke; Berghuijs, Wouter R.; Beven, Keith; Blume, Theresa; Bogaard, Thom; de Amorim, Pablo Borges; Boettcher, Michael E.; Boulet, Gilles; Breinl, Korbinian; Brilly, Mitja; Brocca, Luca; Buytaert, Wouter; Castellarin, Attilio; Castelletti, Andrea; Chen, Xiaohong; Chen, Yangbo; Chen, Yuanfang; Chifflard, Peter; Claps, Pierluigi; Clark, Martyn P.; Collins, Adrian L.; Croke, Barry; Dathe, Annette; David, Paula C.; de Barros, Felipe P. J.; de Rooij, Gerrit; Di Baldassarre, Giuliano; Driscoll, Jessica M.; Duethmann, Doris; Dwivedi, Ravindra; Eris, Ebru; Farmer, William H.; Feiccabrino, James; Ferguson, Grant; Ferrari, Ennio; Ferraris, Stefano; Fersch, Benjamin; Finger, David; Foglia, Laura; Fowler, Keirnan; Gartsman, Boris; Gascoin, Simon; Gaume, Eric; Gelfan, Alexander; Geris, Josie; Gharari, Shervan; Gleeson, Tom; Glendell, Miriam; Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez; Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P.; Grimaldi, Salvatore; Gupta, A. B.; Guse, Bjoern; Han, Dawei; Hannah, David; Harpold, Adrian; Haun, Stefan; Heal, Kate; Helfricht, Kay; Herrnegger, Mathew; Hipsey, Matthew; Hlavacikova, Hana; Hohmann, Clara; Holko, Ladislav; Hopkinson, Christopher; Hrachowitz, Markus; Illangasekare, Tissa H.; Inam, Azhar; Innocente, Camyla; Istanbulluoglu, Erkan; Jarihani, Ben; Kalantari, Zahra; Kalvans, Andis; Khanal, Sonu; Khatami, Sina; Kiesel, Jens; Kirkby, Mike; Knoben, Wouter; Kochanek, Krzysztof; Kohnova, Silvia; Kolechkina, Alla; Krause, Stefan; Kreamer, David; Kreibich, Heidi; Kunstmann, Harald; Lange, Holger; Liberato, Margarida L. R.; Lindquist, Eric; Link, Timothy; Liu, Junguo; Loucks, Daniel Peter; Luce, Charles; Mahe, Gil; Makarieva, Olga; Malard, Julien; Mashtayeva, Shamshagul; Maskey, Shreedhar; Mas-Pla, Josep; Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria; Mazzoleni, Maurizio; Mernild, Sebastian; Misstear, Bruce Dudley; Montanari, Alberto; Mueller-Thomy, Hannes; Nabizadeh, Alireza; Nardi, Fernando; Neale, Christopher; Nesterova, Nataliia; Nurtaev, Bakhram; Odongo, Vincent O.; Panda, Subhabrata; Pande, Saket; Pang, Zhonghe; Papacharalampous, Georgia; Perrin, Charles; Pfister, Laurent; Pimentel, Rafael; Polo, Maria J.; Post, David; Sierra, Cristina Prieto; Ramos, Maria-Helena; Renner, Maik; Reynolds, Jose Eduardo; Ridolfi, Elena; Rigon, Riccardo; Riva, Monica; Robertson, David E.; Rosso, Renzo; Roy, Tirthankar; Sa, Joao H. M.; Salvadori, Gianfausto; Sandells, Mel; Schaefli, Bettina; Schumann, Andreas; Scolobig, Anna; Seibert, Jan; Servat, Eric; Shafiei, Mojtaba; Sharma, Ashish; Sidibe, Moussa; Sidle, Roy C.; Skaugen, Thomas; Smith, Hugh; Spiessl, Sabine M.; Stein, Lina; Steinsland, Ingelin; Strasser, Ulrich; Su, Bob; Szolgay, Jan; Tarboton, David; Tauro, Flavia; Thirel, Guillaume; Tian, Fuqiang; Tong, Rui; Tussupova, Kamshat; Tyralis, Hristos; Uijlenhoet, Remko; van Beek, Rens; van der Ent, Ruud J.; van der Ploeg, Martine; Van Loon, Anne F.; van Meerveld, Ilja; van Nooijen, Ronald; van Oel, Pieter R.; Vidal, Jean-Philippe; von Freyberg, Jana; Vorogushyn, Sergiy; Wachniew, Przemyslaw; Wade, Andrew J.; Ward, Philip; Westerberg, Ida K.; White, Christopher; Wood, Eric F.; Woods, Ross; Xu, Zongxue; Yilmaz, Koray K.; Zhang, Yongqiang, 2019, Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective, Hydrological sciences journal 64 (2019): 1141–1158. doi_10.1080/02626667.2019.1620507,

DOI: 10.1080%2F02626667.2019.1620507

Abstract
This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems ...
This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science_ a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.
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Quantification of the uncertainty in the modelling of unstable slopes displaying marked soil heterogeneity

G. Bossi, L. Borgatti, G. Gottardi, G. Marcato, 2019, Quantification of the uncertainty in the modelling of unstable slopes displaying marked soil heterogeneity, Landslides (Berl., Print) (2019). doi_10.1007/s10346-019-01256-x,

DOI: 10.1007%2Fs10346-019-01256-x

Abstract
This study presents the application of the Boolean Stochastic Generation (BoSG) approach to the case ...
This study presents the application of the Boolean Stochastic Generation (BoSG) approach to the case study of the Mortisa landslide, an active earth slide flow in the Dolomites (Italy). The approach relies on the stochastic generation of different soil profiles for which the interfingering of distinct layers within a prevailing matrix is randomized. With this technique, it is possible to quantify the error associated with the simplification of stratigraphic profiles in geotechnical models. This is particularly valuable in slope stability assessment because little data are usually available in comparison with the typically complex geometry of large and deep landslides. A detailed geomorphological analysis of the study area informs an interpretation of the sequence of processes which generated the stratigraphy of the Mortisa slope. It appears to be composed of interfingered layers of silty clay and gravel that originated from subsequent earth slide and debris flow events occurring since the Late Glacial. In order to reproduce the behavior of the Mortisa slope via numerical modelling and to design effective mitigation works, it is crucial to account for the influence of the gravel lenses deposited by ancient debris flow events on the dynamics of the whole landslide. A total of 1200 possible soil configurations of the central and most active section of the Mortisa landslide have been generated. The method has been used to estimate (i) the possible errors that might occur when the presence of the gravel layers is not accounted for and (ii) the variability deriving from the position of the layers. Moreover, through the analysis of the whole ensemble of configurations, it is possible to identify the areas within the slope where the presence (or absence) of gravel layers appears to have the greatest influence on the dynamics of the landslide. This information is useful to plan future investigations and to evaluate the most effective structural mitigation measures.
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RELAZIONE SUSCETTIBILITA’ (PRELIMINARE) – WP7 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020

Lollino P., Parise M., Vennari C., 2019, RELAZIONE SUSCETTIBILITA’ (PRELIMINARE) – WP7 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020, D07-04, 2019,

Abstract
Il presente documento illustra le attività realizzate nell'ambito del WP7 dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra la Regione ...
Il presente documento illustra le attività realizzate nell'ambito del WP7 dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra la Regione Puglia e l'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) per la "Valutazione Integrata di Dissesti Geo-Idrologici nel Territorio della Regione Puglia, Modelli Interpretativi dei Fenomeni e Definizione di Soglie di Pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali". In particolare, il documento illustra la "Relazione sula suscettibilità da sinkhole (preliminare)". Esso descrive gli avanzamenti del lavoro conseguiti nell'ambito delle attività del WP7. In particolare, dopo una generale introduzione ai sinkholes, si descrive l'occorrenza di tali fenomeni sul territorio della regione Puglia, distinguendo tra quelli di origine naturale e quelli di origine antropica, ed evidenziando i diversi caratteri che vanno presi in esame per la definizione della relativa suscettibilità. Successivamente, si indicano i metodi di suscettibilità applicabili, e si discute la disponibilità dei dati necessari alla loro implementazione per la regione Puglia.
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CARTA INVENTARIO DELLE FRANE DI TIPO GEOMORFOLOGICO (MAPPATURA PRELIMINARE AL GIUGNO 2019) – WP5 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020

Ardizzone F., Bucci F., Cardinali M., Fiorucci F., Santangelo M., Salvati P., Reichenbach P., Pisano L., Zumpano V., 2019, CARTA INVENTARIO DELLE FRANE DI TIPO GEOMORFOLOGICO (MAPPATURA PRELIMINARE AL GIUGNO 2019) – WP5 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020, D05-03, 2019,

Abstract
Il presente documento illustra le attività realizzate nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra la Regione Puglia e ...
Il presente documento illustra le attività realizzate nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra la Regione Puglia e l'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) per la "Valutazione Integrata di Dissesti Geo - Idrologici nel Territorio della Regione Puglia, Modelli Interpretativi dei Fenomeni e Definizione di Soglie di Pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali". Il documento è stato realizzato nell'ambito del WP5_ Redazione di cartografia tematica su frane nel Sub-Appennino Dauno, e descrive "la Carta inventario delle frane di tipo geomorfologico nel Sub-Appennino Dauno", come stato di avanzamento al giugno 2019 (Mappatura preliminare)".
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RELAZIONE Identificazione degli scenari evolutivi e valutazione delle condizioni di pericolosità da frana per i comuni di Alberona, Celenza Valfortore, Motta Montecorvino, San Marco la Catola, Volturino – WP6 – valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della Regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020

Ardizzone F., Basso A., Bucci F., Cardinali M., Fiorucci F., Pisano L., Reichenbach P., Santaloia F., Santangelo M., Wasowski J., Zumpano V., 2019, RELAZIONE Identificazione degli scenari evolutivi e valutazione delle condizioni di pericolosità da frana per i comuni di Alberona, Celenza Valfortore, Motta Montecorvino, San Marco la Catola, Volturino – WP6 – valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della Regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020, D06-03, 2019,

Abstract
Il documento illustra le attività svolte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), Centro di ...
Il documento illustra le attività svolte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), Centro di Competenza (CC) del Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC), nell'ambito del progetto dal titolo "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali" per la Sezione Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia. Il documento è stato realizzato nell'ambito del WP6_ Valutazione del rischio da frana per 10 centri abitati del Sub-Appennino Dauno, e descrive l'attività svolta nel primo semestre (periodo gennaio - giugno) del terzo anno (2019), finalizzata alla Identificazione degli scenari evolutivi ed alla valutazione delle condizioni di pericolosità da frana per cinque dei dieci centri abitati (Relazione ID00-06), ricadenti nel settore settentrionale dell'Appennino Dauno pugliese_ Alberona, Celenza Valfortore, Motta Montecorvino, San Marco La Catola e Volturino. Sarà dunque illustrata brevemente la metodologia, sviluppata dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), per la zonazione geomorfologica della pericolosità da frana in aree urbanizzate, (Cardinali et al., 2002; Reichenbach et al., 2005), già illustrata in maniera dettagliata nella relazione D06-01 "Relazione metodologica" (Gennaio 2018). Verrà fornita una descrizione dei principali risultati ottenuti per cinque centri abitati e verranno illustrate le caratteristiche dell'archivio digitale che contiene i dati e le informazioni necessarie alla zonazione geomorfologica della pericolosità oggetto di consegna in concomitanza alla presente relazione.
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RELAZIONE RELAZIONE SUI RISULTATI PRELIMINARI DEI MODELLI NUMERICI SITO-SPECIFICI – WP9 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020

Lollino P., Perrotti M., Fazio N.L., 2019, RELAZIONE RELAZIONE SUI RISULTATI PRELIMINARI DEI MODELLI NUMERICI SITO-SPECIFICI – WP9 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020, D09-04, 2019,

Abstract
Il documento illustra le attività svolte nell'ambito del WP9 "Modellazione numerica di fenomeni geo-idrologici" del progetto ...
Il documento illustra le attività svolte nell'ambito del WP9 "Modellazione numerica di fenomeni geo-idrologici" del progetto "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali", con particolare riferimento ai primi risultati dei modelli numerici preliminari impostati per i siti sui quali sono disponibili sufficienti dati necessari alla creazione dei rispettivi modelli numerici. In particolare, il contenuto del report riguarda i modelli creati per i tre seguenti siti_ - frana dell'autostrada A16 (tratto Lacedonia-Candela) - falesia di Tor di Lupo (Mattinata, FG) - falesia di Torre dell'Orso (Melendugno, LE)
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RELAZIONE Classificazione delle frane e carte inventario multi-temporali delle frane per i territori urbani di_ Celenza Valfortore, San Marco La Catola, Volturara Appula, Volturino e Motta Montecorvino – WP6 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020

Ardizzone F., Basso A., Bucci F., Cardinali M., Fiorucci F., Pisano L., Reichenbach P., Santaloia F., Santangelo M., Wasowski J., Zumpano V., 2019, RELAZIONE Classificazione delle frane e carte inventario multi-temporali delle frane per i territori urbani di_ Celenza Valfortore, San Marco La Catola, Volturara Appula, Volturino e Motta Montecorvino – WP6 – VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI – P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020, D06-02, 2019,

Abstract
Il documento illustra le attività svolte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), Centro di ...
Il documento illustra le attività svolte dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), Centro di Competenza (CC) del Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC), nell'ambito del progetto dal titolo "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali" per la Sezione Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia. In particolare, le attività hanno riguardato la redazione di carte inventario multi-temporali redatte per cinque centri urbani dauni dei dieci selezionati (Relazione ID00-06), ricadenti nel settore settentrionale dell'Appennino Dauno pugliese_ Alberona, Celenza Valfortore, Motta Montecorvino, San Marco La Catola e Volturino. Oltre alla descrizione delle carte inventario multi-temporali ottenute per i suddetti territori, il presente documento riporta brevemente i criteri utilizzati per l'interpretazione delle foto aree e la documentazione esaminata. Al contempo, il presente documento riporta la classificazione delle frane, sulla quale sono state basate le carte inventario multi-temporale, insieme alle peculiarità dell'archivio digitale associato alle suddette carte.
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RELAZIONE METODOLOGICA PRELIMINARE PER L’ANALISI DELL’INSTABILITÀ COSTIERA NELLA REGIONE PUGLIESE WP8- VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014-2020

Pagliarulo R., 2019, RELAZIONE METODOLOGICA PRELIMINARE PER L’ANALISI DELL’INSTABILITÀ COSTIERA NELLA REGIONE PUGLIESE WP8- VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014-2020, D08-02, 2019,

Abstract
Il documento illustra le attività scientifiche svolte nel 2018 nell'ambito del WP8 dall'Istituto di Ricerca ...
Il documento illustra le attività scientifiche svolte nel 2018 nell'ambito del WP8 dall'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI), Centro di Competenza (CC) del Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC), nell'ambito del progetto dal titolo "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali" per la Sezione Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia. In particolare, il Report, così' come previsto nella tempistica (diagramma di Gantt) dell'"Allegato Tecnico" ha come oggetto una Relazione Preliminare ai fini della "Definizione di un percorso metodologico per l'analisi dell'instabilità costiera della Regione Puglia "Individuazione delle tipologie di costa più frequenti in Puglia". In continuità con quanto descritto lo scorso anno nella Relazione D08-01 sulla distribuzione delle morfologie e litologie più diffuse lungo le coste pugliesi e dei cinematismi di crollo, nel presente Report vengono definite preliminarmente le metodologie di studio per la valutazione dell'instabilità costiera ai fini dell'individuazione delle aree più vulnerabili.
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On the applicability of temporal stability analysis to raingauge network design

Renato Morbidelli, Carla Saltalippi, Alessia Flammini, Marco Cifrodelli, Jacopo Dari, Corrado Corradini, Amanda P. García-Marín & Tommaso Moramarco, 2019, On the applicability of temporal stability analysis to raingauge network design, Hydrological sciences journal (2019).,

Abstract
Determining "representative" rain gauge stations over a wide area is useful to optimize an existing ...
Determining "representative" rain gauge stations over a wide area is useful to optimize an existing rain gauge network, design a network in ungauged basins and calibrate a meteorological radar by ground measurements. Most available methodologies have been developed for specific watersheds and cannot be objectively transferred to other regions. This issue is addressed here through a reformulation of the temporal stability analysis for the areal-average cumulative rainfall depth, R, of single meteorological systems and an evaluation of its efficiency for application to common typologies of frontal systems with different physical characteristics. On this basis, our results suggest that, in each watershed, the combination of the measurements performed in the two stations with better ranking gives a fairly good representation of R derived from all the operative rain gauges, particularly for significant frontal systems, with the magnitude of the relative error generally less than 10%.
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River Bathymetry Estimate and Discharge Assessment from Remote Sensing

Tommaso Moramarco Silvia Barbetta David M. Bjerklie John W. Fulton Angelica Tarpanelli, 2019, River Bathymetry Estimate and Discharge Assessment from Remote Sensing, Water resources research (2019).,

Abstract
The NASA Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission and ESA Sentinel-1, inter-alia, propose to monitor ...
The NASA Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission and ESA Sentinel-1, inter-alia, propose to monitor inland waters from satellites. The radar altimeter and the microwave radiometer can be used to monitor water surface level and assess the cross-sectional mean flow velocity, respectively. However, for most river sites bathymetric data are lacking, preventing the direct computation of discharge. In this context, a new methodology for simulating the bathymetry and estimating the discharge is proposed. The approach is based on entropy theory and can be applied using ground and satellite observations. Four parameters are needed and include channel roughness, water surface slope, channel bottom elevation, and an entropy parameter of flow depth. These parameters are estimated using a genetic algorithm by minimizing the error in the observed maximum surface velocity. Parameter uncertainty is considered through 1000 random realizations based on different initial values. Eighteen streamflow measurements recorded from three different gauged river sites are used to benchmark the ground observations. The method included ENVISAT altimetry and MODIS data (2002-2010) at one river site. Relative to ground measurements, the method provides good results with an error in channel area and discharge that, on average, does not exceed 10% on the 50th percentile. Relative to satellite measurements, channel area is well simulated with an error, on average, lower than 9%; discharge is less well simulated and represented by an error greater than 30% on the 50th percentile.
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Applicability of Kinematic model for mud-flows: An unsteady analysis

Cristiana Di Cristo Michele Iervolino Tommaso Moramarco Andrea Vacca, 2019, Applicability of Kinematic model for mud-flows: An unsteady analysis, Journal of hydrology (Amst.) (2019). doi_10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123967,

DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2019.123967

Abstract
The Kinematic Wave Model (KWM), representing a simplification of the Full Wave Model (FWM) under ...
The Kinematic Wave Model (KWM), representing a simplification of the Full Wave Model (FWM) under the shallow-water approximation, is often used in the one-dimensional formulation for describing the dynamics of debris/mud flood. The present work investigates the applicability conditions of the KWM to analyze mud floods, characterized by a rheological behaviour expressed through a power-law model. The study is carried out through the numerical solution of both the Full and Kinematic Wave models changing the characteristic time of hydrograph, i.e. the wave duration, imposed at the channel inlet. The predictions of the two models are compared in terms of maximum flow depth, maximum discharge and peak discharge at the downstream channel end. The study is performed for several values of the Froude (F) and the Kinematic Wave (K) numbers. Similarly to the clear-water case, present results show that higher errors in applying KWM pertain to shorter flood wave durations, but the performance of KWM appears to strongly depend on the value of the rheological index, becoming worse as the fluid rheology becomes more shear-thinning. The study furnishes applicability criteria representing a guideline for practical applications in terms of minimum wave duration above which the KWM error in reproducing the considered flood characteristics (the maximum flow depth, the maximum discharge and the peak discharge at the downstream channel end) is less or equal than 5%. Finally, it has been shown that the wave period criterion, obtained considering linearized wave dynamics, may be safely applied at least for fluid with moderate shear-thinning behavior and for moderate values of the dimensionless number KF2.
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Influence of the neutron skin effect on nuclear isobar collisions at RHIC

Jan Hammelmann(1,2), Alba Soto Ontoso(4), Massimiliano Alvioli(5), Hannah Elfner(1,2,3), 2019, Influence of the neutron skin effect on nuclear isobar collisions at RHIC, Quark Matter 2019, Wuhan, China, 03/11/2019, 09/11/2019,

Abstract
Recently there has been a measurement of the isobar nuclei 96Zr and 96Ru at RHIC ...
Recently there has been a measurement of the isobar nuclei 96Zr and 96Ru at RHIC at with the goal of studying the chiral magnetic effect. Underlying idea_ (i)Keep the background component (v2) fixed (ii)Handle on the magnetic field strength via the atomic number.
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RELAZIONE SEMESTRALE DI AGGIORNAMENTO SULLE ATTIVITÁ IN CORSO – WP0 – Periodo di riferimento_ Gennaio 2019 – Giugno 2019 (VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020 ASSE V – AZIONE 5.1)

Lollino P., Santaloia F., Casarano D., Peruccacci S., Rossi M., Cardinali M., Wasowski J., Pagliarulo R., Giordan D., Allasia P., Longo L., Vennari C., Marchesini I., Ardizzone F., Bucci F., Fiorucci F., Santangelo M., Salvati P., Reichenbach P., Pisano L., Zumpano V., Basso A., Perrotti M., Fazio N.L., Godone D., Baldo M., Guenzi D., Wrzesniak A., 2019, RELAZIONE SEMESTRALE DI AGGIORNAMENTO SULLE ATTIVITÁ IN CORSO – WP0 – Periodo di riferimento_ Gennaio 2019 – Giugno 2019 (VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI P.O.R. PUGLIA 2014 – 2020 ASSE V – AZIONE 5.1), D00-08, 2019,

Abstract
La relazione propone un aggiornamento di cadenza semestrale sulle attività in corso relative all'Accordo tra ...
La relazione propone un aggiornamento di cadenza semestrale sulle attività in corso relative all'Accordo tra Sezione Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia e CNR - IRPI dal titolo "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo-idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali" e si riferisce nello specifico al periodo temporale compreso tra il 01 Gennaio 2019 ed il 30 Giugno 2019. Di seguito sono presentate le attività condotte nell'ambito dei diversi WP in cui è suddiviso il progetto che, nello specifico, riguardano_ (1) la gestione del progetto, (2) l'analisi critica dei risultati derivanti da progetti precedenti finanziati dalla Regione Puglia, (3) la raccolta e l'organizzazione di informazioni su eventi geo-idrologici,(4) l'aggiornamento delle soglie pluviometriche empiriche per il possibile innesco di frane indotte da pioggia nel territorio della regione Puglia, (5) l'implementazione del sistema di allertamento per la previsione del possibile innesco di frane nel territorio della regione Puglia (SARF Puglia), (6) la redazione di cartografia tematica su frane nel Sub-Appennino Dauno, (6) la valutazione del rischio da frana per 10 centri abitati del Sub-Appennino Dauno, (7) l'elaborazione di una banca dati e cartografia sui fenomeni di sinkhole nel territorio regionale, e l'analisi della relativa suscettibilità, (8) la definizione di procedure metodologiche per l'analisi dell'instabilità costiera, (9) la modellazione numerica di eventi geo-idrologici, (10) lo sviluppo di un Sistema di Supporto Decisionale, (11) il supporto alla Sezione di Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia, e (12) l'analisi di casi di studio, mediante studi di dettaglio, progettazione del monitoraggio, esecuzione e interpretazione delle misure.
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RELAZIONE SEMESTRALE DI AGGIORNAMENTO SULLE ATTIVITÁ IN CORSO – WP0 – Periodo di riferimento_ Luglio 2018 – Dicembre 2018 (VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI)

Lollino P., Santaloia F., Casarano D., Peruccacci S., Rossi M., Cardinali M., Wasowski J., Pagliarulo R., Giordan D., Allasia P., Longo L., Vennari C., Marchesini I., Ardizzone F., Bucci F., Fiorucci F., Santangelo M., Salvati P., Reichenbach P., Pisano L., Zumpano V., Basso A., Perrotti M., Fazio N.L., Godone D., Baldo M., Guenzi D., 2019, RELAZIONE SEMESTRALE DI AGGIORNAMENTO SULLE ATTIVITÁ IN CORSO – WP0 – Periodo di riferimento_ Luglio 2018 – Dicembre 2018 (VALUTAZIONE INTEGRATA DI DISSESTI GEO-IDROLOGICI NEL TERRITORIO DELLA REGIONE PUGLIA, MODELLI INTERPRETATIVI DEI FENOMENI E DEFINIZIONE DI SOGLIE DI PIOGGIA PER IL POSSIBILE INNESCO DI FRANE SUPERFICIALI), D00-07, 2019,

Abstract
La relazione propone un aggiornamento di cadenza semestrale sulle attività in corso relative all'Accordo tra ...
La relazione propone un aggiornamento di cadenza semestrale sulle attività in corso relative all'Accordo tra Sezione Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia e CNR - IRPI dal titolo "Valutazione integrata di dissesti geo idrologici nel territorio della regione Puglia, modelli interpretativi dei fenomeni e definizione di soglie di pioggia per il possibile innesco di frane superficiali" e si riferisce nello specifico al periodo temporale compreso tra il 01 Luglio 2018 ed il 31 Dicembre 2018. Di seguito sono presentate le attività condotte nell'ambito dei diversi WP in cui è suddiviso il progetto che, nello specifico, riguardano_ (1) la gestione del progetto, (2) l'analisi critica dei risultati derivanti da progetti precedenti finanziati dalla Regione Puglia, (3) la raccolta e l'organizzazione di informazioni su eventi geo-idrologici,(4) l'aggiornamento delle soglie pluviometriche empiriche per il possibile innesco di frane indotte da pioggia nel territorio della regione Puglia, (5) l'implementazione del sistema di allertamento per la previsione del possibile innesco di frane nel territorio della regione Puglia (SARF Puglia), (6) la redazione di cartografia tematica su frane nel Sub-Appennino Dauno, (6) la valutazione del rischio da frana per 10 centri abitati del Sub-Appennino Dauno, (7) l'elaborazione di una banca dati e cartografia sui fenomeni di sinkhole nel territorio regionale, e l'analisi della relativa suscettibilità, (8) la definizione di procedure metodologiche per l'analisi dell'instabilità costiera, (9) la modellazione numerica di eventi geo-idrologici, (10) lo sviluppo di un Sistema di Supporto Decisionale, (11) il supporto alla Sezione di Protezione Civile della Regione Puglia, e (12) l'analisi di casi di studio, mediante studi di dettaglio, progettazione del monitoraggio, esecuzione e interpretazione delle misure.
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Sediment connectivity changes in an Andean catchment affected by volcanic eruption

Martini L., Picco L. ,Iroumé A., Cavalli M., 2019, Sediment connectivity changes in an Andean catchment affected by volcanic eruption, Science of the total environment 692 (2019): 1209–1222. doi_10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.303,

DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2019.07.303

Abstract
River systems are continuously affected by multiple natural and anthropogenic phenomena. Among major natural disturbances, ...
River systems are continuously affected by multiple natural and anthropogenic phenomena. Among major natural disturbances, volcanic eruptions have the capability to overthrow the forms and to modify dramatically the morphological setting and sediment connectivity of the system. Moreover, the input of sediments in the channel network can lead to active channel widening, bed aggradation and river scouring, which in turn may affect downstream human settlements. In this context, the present research aims to investigate sediment connectivity by means of a geomorphometric index in a catchment affected by an explosive volcanic eruption in order to assess its variation before and after the disturbance. We developed a workflow exploiting the use of open source data (i.e., Global Digital Elevation Models, satellite imagery) to represent the impedance to the sediment fluxes and to apply the Index of Connectivity (IC) in this context characterized by the lack of high-resolution topographic data. The study area is the Blanco River basin, southern Chile, which was heavily affected by the eruption of Chaitén volcano (2008-2009) that caused the partial destruction of the forest and the profound alteration of Blanco River's morphology. The application of the IC on different land cover scenarios, derived by combining field observations and satellite image classification techniques, showed an increase in sediment connectivity after the volcanic eruption. In addition, the results highlighted different patterns of connectivity according to the expansion of the active channel induced by the massive input of pyroclastic material. The approach proposed in this study case offers a methodology to investigate sediment connectivity in a river catchment affected by natural disturbance where high-resolution data are not available. The results of the study help to improve knowledge on the effect of volcanic eruptions in the hydrologic catchment and to improve watershed management strategies in such kind of environment.
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Assessing geomorphic changes induced by a debris-flow: a case study in the Dolomites

Minute, Francesca; Comiti, Francesco; Cavalli, Marco, 2019, Assessing geomorphic changes induced by a debris-flow: a case study in the Dolomites, Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 48 (2019): 23–28. doi_10.3301/ROL.2019.33,

DOI: 10.3301%2FROL.2019.33

Abstract
The study of landscapes and of their dynamics has become fundamental to understand natural hazard ...
The study of landscapes and of their dynamics has become fundamental to understand natural hazard mechanisms and the better planning of mitigation measures to prevent damages and losses. Debris flows are a common natural hazard for mountain areas. One major event occurred on the August 5th, 2017 in the Prags-Braies valley (Italian Alps). Heavy rainfall triggered the movement of loose sediments from talus slopes within the Schade catchment into the village of Schmieden-Ferrara. This study aims to analyze the debris-flow event by using a DEM of Difference (DoD) approach to estimate the mobilized materials and identify the spatial patterns of erosion and deposition in the catchment. Two different methods to estimate the error and propagate uncertainty of DTMs into the DoD were tested and compared_ i) spatially uniform constant error threshold, and ii) spatially variable uncertainty through a fuzzy approach. The elaboration was carried out using the fuzzy approach as this was considered the most reliable for the study case. The result showed a net balance of -115,719 +/- 46,043 m(3). This value was taken as a reference for the design of a sediment retention basin at the catchment outlet, currently under construction by the local Civil Protection Agency.
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Anthropogenic changes in the alluvial plains of the Tyrrhenian Ligurian basins

Luino, Fabio; Paliaga, Guido; Roccati, Anna; Sacchini, Alessandro; Turconi, Laura; Faccini, Francesco, 2019, Anthropogenic changes in the alluvial plains of the Tyrrhenian Ligurian basins, Rendiconti online Società Geologica Italiana 48 (2019): 10–16. doi_10.3301/ROL.2019.31,

DOI: 10.3301%2FROL.2019.31

Abstract
Riverbeds and floodplains in the Mediterranean area have been largely affected by anthropogenic modifications mainly ...
Riverbeds and floodplains in the Mediterranean area have been largely affected by anthropogenic modifications mainly with incision, narrowing and channeling of the riverbed. In many cases these changes have also involved the river network, from braided to single thread. The Ligurian coastal floodplains are historically affected by flooding. In recent decades, an increase in floods has been observed either for the variation of the rainfall regime and for man-made landforms that influenced the geomorphological processes. This paper provides a first analysis of the morphological evolution of the 'floodplain-riverbed' system in the recent past in Ligurian Tyrrhenian basins. Human activities have modified the environment of the coastal floodplains_ in all the analyzed cases the narrowing and the culverting of the riverbed have been found above all in the terminal stretch. Other changes concern diversion of watercourses and progradation of the coastline due to embankment. In many cases, the extent of the changes obliterated the presence of watercourses, reducing or eliminating the perception of risk. The knowledge of anthropic changes should therefore be used as a management and planning tool in the framework of risk reduction activities.
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A new Alpine Geo-Lithological Map (Alpine Geo-LiM) and global carboncycle implications

Marco Donnini (1), Ivan Marchesini (1), Azzurra Zucchini (2), 2019, A new Alpine Geo-Lithological Map (Alpine Geo-LiM) and global carboncycle implications, EGU 2019, 7-12/04/2019,

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An Endorheic Lake in a Changing Climate_ Geochemical Investigations at Lake Trasimeno (Italy)

Francesco Frondini (1), Walter Dragoni (1), Nicola Morgantini (2), Marco Donnini (3), Carlo Cardellini (1), Stefano Caliro (4), Massimo Melillo (3), Giovanni Chiodini (5), 2019, An Endorheic Lake in a Changing Climate_ Geochemical Investigations at Lake Trasimeno (Italy), Water (Basel) 11 (2019). doi_10.3390/w11071319,

DOI: 10.3390%2Fw11071319

Abstract
Lake Trasimeno is a shallow, endorheic lake located in central Italy. It is the fourth ...
Lake Trasimeno is a shallow, endorheic lake located in central Italy. It is the fourth Italian largest lake and is one of the largest endorheic basins in western Europe. Because of its shallow depth and the absence of natural outflows, the lake, in historical times, alternated from periods of floods to strong decreases of the water level during periods of prolonged drought. Lake water is characterised by a NaCl composition and relatively high salinity. The geochemical and isotopic monitoring of lake water from 2006 to 2018 shows the presence of well-defined seasonal trends, strictly correlated to precipitation regime and evaporation. These trends are clearly highlighted by the isotopic composition of lake water (?18O and ?D) and by the variations of dissolved mobile species. In the long term, a progressive warming of lake water and a strong increase of total dissolved inorganic solids have been observed, indicating Lake Trasimeno as a paradigmatic example of how climate change can cause large variations of water quality and quantity. Furthermore, the rate of variation of lake water temperature is very close to the rate of variation of land-surface air temperature, LSAT, suggesting that shallow endorheic lakes can be used as a proxy for global warming measurements.
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Sinkhole susceptibility assessment of underground caves in soft rocks by means of FEM-based charts

Lollino P., Perrotti M., Fazio N.L., Parise M., 2019, Sinkhole susceptibility assessment of underground caves in soft rocks by means of FEM-based charts, American Rock Mechanics Association - ARMA2019, New York, 24-26 Giugno 2019,

Abstract
The presence of man-made underground caves in soft carbonate rocks susceptible to degradation processes due ...
The presence of man-made underground caves in soft carbonate rocks susceptible to degradation processes due to weathering nowadays induce high risk conditions in the Apulia region (Southern Italy) which is characterised by a huge number of caves spread in the territory. In recent years, several collapses affected some of these cavity systems, involving structures and roads located at the ground surface and, therefore, inducing high risk for human life and properties. In order to comply with this problem at the regional scale, Perrotti et al., 2018, have proposed specific charts aimed at assessing at a preliminary stage the stability conditions of a cave along with a safety margin with respect to the occurrence of failure. The charts have been defined upon the results of a large set of parametric two-dimensional finite-element analyses of ideal cases of underground cavities that account for the typical geometrical features of the caves and the range of mechanical properties of these rocks. The relationships obtained in terms of plots representing the ratio between the strength mobilized at failure and the vertical stress at the cavity roof against the ratio between cave width and roof thickness identify mechanically-based threshold envelopes for stability. In this paper, applications of the stability charts to case studies of man-made underground caves of soft carbonate rocks, either subjected to failure in the past or still stable, are discussed. In the first case the applications proposed show the role of specific structural elements, as pillars and walls, on the general stability of the examined quarry system, while in the second case an indication on the safety factor of the cave with respect to instability has been derived. Therefore, the proposed stability charts have been verified to provide a reliable method to assess in a preliminary way the stability of underground cavities in soft carbonate rocks, so that, for those situations where the safety margin results to be low, more detailed and sophisticated numerical models need to be developed.
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Incidence of saturation and fabric on the physical and mechanical behaviour of soft carbonate rocks

Andriani G.F., Lollino P., Perrotti M., Fazio N.L., 2019, Incidence of saturation and fabric on the physical and mechanical behaviour of soft carbonate rocks, American Rock Mechanics Symposium, New York, 24-27 giugno 2019,

Abstract
Very soft carbonate rocks belonging to the Calcarenite di Gravina Formation (upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene) crop ...
Very soft carbonate rocks belonging to the Calcarenite di Gravina Formation (upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene) crop out extensively in the Apulia region (Southern Italy) and, as such, are involved in a huge amount of engineering boundary value problems regarding building foundations, underground caves and sea cliffs. These calcarenites are poorly graded and dense, irregularly cemented, light yellow coloured and mainly composed of bioclasts. Throughout the region, these rock materials exhibit spatial (both horizontal and vertical) variability as a consequence of a complex depositional mechanisms so that their overall behaviour is strongly conditioned by depositional fabric and diagenetic processes. At the rock mass scale, post-depositional tectonic episodes and groundwater circulation have to be considered. In order to explore all the factors influencing the physical and mechanical response of these materials at the sample scale, a large set of data on different facies was collected and compared among them. Therefore, petrographic analysis on thin sections and, water imbibition, uniaxial compression and indirect tension (Brazilian) tests were carried out on samples retrieved from several sites of the region. In particular, the mechanical behaviour of these calcarenites results to be strongly affected by the presence of water in the pores, with strength and stiffness that significantly reduce in the transition from dry to saturated conditions; times and modes of saturation processes are strictly linked to the fabric features of the different facies. The post-peak behaviour of the rock samples was investigated by using a servo-controlled testing machine and a clear brittleness was generally observed for most of the samples, even though strength decay heavily reduces under saturation conditions especially for those samples characterized by an extremely variable distribution of cement.
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Seismic characterization of debris flows_ Insights into energy radiation and implications for warning

Coviello, V.; Arattano, M.; Comiti, F.; Macconi, P.; Marchi, L., 2019, Seismic characterization of debris flows_ Insights into energy radiation and implications for warning, Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface 124 (2019): 1440–1463. doi_10.1029/2018JF004683,

DOI: 10.1029%2F2018JF004683

Abstract
Debris flows represent a major hazard in mountainous areas, due to their rapid motion along ...
Debris flows represent a major hazard in mountainous areas, due to their rapid motion along steep channels and to the transport of large sediment volumes, including large boulders. In this paper, we present data of channelized debris flows characterized by different velocities and sediment concentrations recorded in an instrumented channel reach of the Gadria basin (eastern Italian Alps). From the analysis of the seismic energy produced by the interaction of solid particles with channel boundaries, we show that (i) the peak amplitudes are representative of the kinetic energy of each surge and (ii) most energy transfer occurs during the passage of the surge fronts. Then, we propose a debris flow detection algorithm based on the amplitude information gathered from a linear array of geophones installed along the channel. The short time average over long time average ratio of the seismic signal is used to early detect the debris flow occurrence in a continuous stream of seismic data. The algorithm recognizes moving, long-lasting sources of ground vibration (i.e., debris flows) and filters out different seismic sources (i.e., anthropic noise, earthquakes, and rockfalls). The alarm is triggered when the short time average/long time average threshold is exceeded on two geophones, progressively with time from upstream to downstream. The algorithm is employed in the early warning system installed for research purposes at Gadria. Complementary data (rainfalls, flow stage measurements, and video recordings) permitted a detailed event characterization and alarm validation. During three monitoring seasons, all debris flows were successfully detected, with the alarm lasting for their entire duration, and no false positives were produced.
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VALUTAZIONI DI CONDIZIONI DI SICCITÀ IN CALABRIA

Roberto Coscarelli, Tommaso Caloiero, Giulio Nils Caroletti, 2019, VALUTAZIONI DI CONDIZIONI DI SICCITÀ IN CALABRIA, Technologies for Integrated River Basin Management, edited by Giuseppe Frega, Francesco Macchione, pp. 777–790. Cosenza_ Edibios, 2019,

Abstract
Negli ultimi decenni, le osservazioni da satellite e le reanalisi climatiche vengono sempre più utilizzate ...
Negli ultimi decenni, le osservazioni da satellite e le reanalisi climatiche vengono sempre più utilizzate per avere, a complemento delle osservazioni a terra, griglie regolari di dati e, quindi, risolvere anche il problema dei dati mancanti. Nella presente memoria, i dati delle serie Climate Hazards group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), con una risoluzione spaziale di circa 5 km, e quelli della reanalisi dell'European Climate Assessment Dataset's E-OBS, con una risoluzione spaziale di 25 km, sono stati confrontati per la Calabria con i dati registrati a terra dalla rete del Centro Regionale Funzionale Multirischi (ARPACAL) per il periodo 1981-2010. I risultati ottenuti dai test di confronto hanno evidenziato una migliore performance della banca dati CHIRPS, anche per l'elevata risoluzione spaziale. Tale banca dati è stata quindi utilizzata per l'analisi della siccità meteorologica in Calabria nel periodo 1981-2018, tramite l'indice SPI valutato per due aggregazioni temporali_ 3 e 12 mesi. I dati ottenuti hanno mostrato una frequenza degli eventi di siccità severa e estrema maggiore per i decenni passati rispetto a quelli più recenti, confermando risultati già ottenuti con i dati registrati a terra in precedenti valutazioni. L'elevata risoluzione spaziale della banca dati CHIRPS ha permesso, inoltre, di ottenere valutazioni su tutto il territorio calabrese, evidenziando maggiori frequenze delle siccità severe e estreme, specie in inverno, in alcune specifiche aree della regione, quali, fra gli altri, i territori a più elevata altitudine. Dato che queste aree sono normalmente interessate maggiormente dalle piogge e rappresentano, quindi, le zone più idonee per la "naturale ricarica" dei corpi idrici (superficiali e sotterranei), i risultati ottenuti possono avere concrete applicazioni nella gestione delle risorse idriche.
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PON Governance. B11CAL_AF1 – Affiancamento alla Regione Calabria per la verifica dei contesti territoriali e per l’individuazione del set di indicatori

G. Esposito, M. Melillo, S.L. Gariano, O. Petrucci, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAL_AF1 – Affiancamento alla Regione Calabria per la verifica dei contesti territoriali e per l’individuazione del set di indicatori, 2019,

Abstract
Nel rapporto è riportato lo stato di attività, in relazione al percorso di affiancamento tecnico-scientifico ...
Nel rapporto è riportato lo stato di attività, in relazione al percorso di affiancamento tecnico-scientifico realizzato all'interno della Regione Calabria, con il fine di concretizzare le indicazioni emerse dalle linee di intervento dell'Attività A_1_1.
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PON Governance. B11CAL_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Calabria in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori

G. Esposito, O. Petrucci, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAL_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Calabria in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori, 2019,

Abstract
Il rapporto "B11CAL_RT4 - Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Calabria in materia contesti ...
Il rapporto "B11CAL_RT4 - Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Calabria in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori" descrive e riassume i risultati delle attività relative ai CT ed indicatori.
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PON Governance. B11CAL_RT3 – Analisi di fattibilità degli indicatori come definiti nell’attività A.1.1, Regione Calabria

G. Esposito, O. Petrucci, M. Alvioli, S.L. Gariano, M. Melillo, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAL_RT3 – Analisi di fattibilità degli indicatori come definiti nell’attività A.1.1, Regione Calabria, 2019,

Abstract
Il rapporto "B11CAL_RT3 - Analisi di fattibilità degli indicatori come definiti nell'attività A.1.1" ha l'obiettivo ...
Il rapporto "B11CAL_RT3 - Analisi di fattibilità degli indicatori come definiti nell'attività A.1.1" ha l'obiettivo di descrivere per la regione Calabria le caratteristiche dei CT rispetto agli eventi ed alle caratteristiche meteo-geo-idrologiche.
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PON Governance. B11CAL_RT2 Censimento delle forme di aggregazione territoriale all’interno della Regione Calabria e verifica delle loro relazioni con i contesti territoriali

G. Esposito, O. Petrucci, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAL_RT2 Censimento delle forme di aggregazione territoriale all’interno della Regione Calabria e verifica delle loro relazioni con i contesti territoriali, 2019,

Abstract
Il rapporto tecnico "B11CAL_RT2 Censimento delle forme di aggregazione territoriale all'interno della Regione Calabria e ...
Il rapporto tecnico "B11CAL_RT2 Censimento delle forme di aggregazione territoriale all'interno della Regione Calabria e verifica delle loro relazioni con i contesti territoriali " descrive le forme di aggregazione territoriale esistenti all'interno della Regione Calabria ed analizza le loro relazioni spaziali con i CT. Le forme di aggregazione territoriale considerate sono_ le Province, i Comuni, le Zone di Allerta, e le Unità Paesaggistiche Territoriali.
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PON Governance. B11CAL_RT1- Report di analisi delle unità territoriali adottate nei differenti piani di gestione del rischio alluvione, in particolare in relazione alle Misure di Preparazione e analisi della coerenza di tali unità territoriali con le aree afferenti ai centri operativi

G. Esposito, O. Petrucci, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAL_RT1- Report di analisi delle unità territoriali adottate nei differenti piani di gestione del rischio alluvione, in particolare in relazione alle Misure di Preparazione e analisi della coerenza di tali unità territoriali con le aree afferenti ai centri operativi, 2019,

Abstract
Nel report sono riportate le analisi delle unità territoriali adottate nei differenti piani di gestione ...
Nel report sono riportate le analisi delle unità territoriali adottate nei differenti piani di gestione del rischio alluvione (PGRA), in relazione alle Misure di Preparazione e analisi della coerenza di tali unità territoriali con le aree afferenti ai Centri Operativi (CCS, COM, COC). Vengono inoltre riportate le analisi delle relazioni tra i CUORE e le varie unità territoriali del PGRA nonché i Centri Operativi presenti nella regione.
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PON Governance. B11 – Relazione finale

P. Reichenbach, P. Lollino, O. Petrucci, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, G. Esposito, 2019, PON Governance. B11 – Relazione finale, 2019,

Abstract
Il documento rappresenta una breve sintesi del lavoro svolto nell'ambito dell'attività "B.1.1 Dimensioni territoriali e ...
Il documento rappresenta una breve sintesi del lavoro svolto nell'ambito dell'attività "B.1.1 Dimensioni territoriali e indicatori finalizzati all'analisi dei rischi e delle condizioni di sicurezza ai fini della protezione civile" prevista dal "Programma per il supporto al rafforzamento della governance in materia di riduzione del rischio ai fini di protezione civile_ rischio idrogeologico e idraulico", a valere sul PON Governance e capacità istituzionale 2014-2020 (PON idro). Durante i primi due periodi del progetto sono state svolte attività di affiancamento nelle regioni destinatarie dei servizi_ Regione Siciliana, Puglia, Calabria, Campania e Basilicata
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PON Governance. B11CAM_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Campania in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori

G. Esposito, O. Petrucci, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, 2019, PON Governance. B11CAM_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Campania in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori, 2019,

Abstract
Il rapporto descrive e riassume i risultati delle attività relative ai contesti territoriali e indicatori, ...
Il rapporto descrive e riassume i risultati delle attività relative ai contesti territoriali e indicatori, svolte in parte presso la Protezione Civile della Regione Campania
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B11SIC_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Siciliana in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori

M. Donnini, P. Reichenbach, O. Petrucci, G. Esposito, P. Lollino, L. Pisano, 2019, B11SIC_RT4 – Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Siciliana in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori, 2019,

Abstract
Il rapporto "B11SIC_RT4 - Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Siciliana in materia contesti ...
Il rapporto "B11SIC_RT4 - Rapporto tecnico sulle attività svolte nella Regione Siciliana in materia contesti territoriali e indicatori" descrive e riassume i risultati delle attività relative ai CUORE e indicatori.
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