Publications
Publications found: 811
Hurricane-induced lahars at Volcán de Colima (México): seismic characterization and numerical modeling
J. Ivonne Martínez-Valdés, Víctor Hugo Márquez-Ramírez, Velio Coviello, Lucia Capra, 2023, Hurricane-induced lahars at Volcán de Colima (México): seismic characterization and numerical modeling,
Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas (2023).,
Abstract
The Volcán de Colima, one of the most active volcanoes in Mexico, has experienced several ...
The Volcán de Colima, one of the most active volcanoes in Mexico, has experienced several volcanic crises over the last century with the emplacement of voluminous block-and-ash flow deposits providing large volumes of loose material along the main ravines. During the rainy season, this material is easily eroded forming lahars. Over 40 events with variable magnitude (105-106 m3) have been detected each year. The largest events that cause damages to infrastructure are usually triggered during the hurricane season (from mid-August to October) when more than 250 mm of rain usually are accumulated over a few days. On 23 October 2015, Hurricane Patricia hit the Volcán de Colima. The hurricane was announced as having reached category 5 thereby representing the largest ever recorded hurricane event in Mexico. It rapidly weakened after landfall but followed a straight trajectory toward the volcano. Up to 400 mm of rain were recorded over 30 hours. The event was recorded at a monitoring station located in the middle reaches of the La Lumbre ravine on the SW flank of the volcano, which was equipped with a rain gauge, a geophone (10 Hz), and a video camera. A multi-pulse lahar started around 8 pm (GMT) and lasted for more than five hours. The seismic signal and the video images were analyzed to identify the timing of the main pulses, the sediment concentrations, and maximum flow peak discharge. Data show that the lahar was characterized by three main pulses, in the range of debris flows with maximum flow-depth of 8 m, interspersed by more dilute tails as hyperconcentrated flow, as also observed from the frequency contents of the seismic signal. A total volume of 2.5 × 106 m3 was estimated based on the strong correlation between the seismic amplitude and the flow discharge. The lahar destroyed one bridge and ~500 m of the interstate road leaving several villages cut off for a few days. Based on the flow magnitude, duration, and the associated damage, this event probably represents the largest one recorded over the last 20 years. The FLO-2D model was used to replicate the observed event to estimate the maximum inundation limits of lahars along the five principal ravines of the volcano, in an attempt to design a hazard map for catastrophic hurricane-induced events.
Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ an automated open-data workflow for regional authorities
Stefano Crema, Alessandro Sarretta, Donato Maio, Francesco Marra, Giorgia Macchi, Velio Coviello, Marco Borga, Lorenzo Marchi, and Marco Cavalli, 2022, Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ an automated open-data workflow for regional authorities,
EGU General Assembly 2022, 23-27 may 2022,
Abstract
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., floods, landslides and debris ...
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., floods, landslides and debris flows, windthrows) is a fundamental prerequisite to establishing rapid-response strategies and putting into practice management policies. However, the collection of field data requires significant economic and human efforts by local authorities. Furthermore, events occurring in remote areas are rarely detected and mapped accurately as they have a low chance of intersecting human infrastructures. These missed detections lead to incorrect assumptions in relation to both the extreme events' spatial distribution and, especially, the real occurrence probability. This work proposes a framework for obtaining the automatic identification of severe weather events that may have caused important erosion processes or vegetation damage, combined with a rapid preliminary change detection mapping over the identified areas. The proposed approach leverages the free availability of both high-resolution global scale radar rainfall products and Sentinel-2 multi-spectral images to identify the areas to be analyzed and to carry out change detection algorithms, respectively. Radar rainfall data are analyzed and the areas where high-intensity rainfall and/or very important cumulative precipitation has occurred, are used as a mask for restricting the subsequent analysis, which, in turn, is based on a multi-spectral change detection algorithm. The whole procedure feeds a geodatabase (storing identified events, retrieved data and computed changes) for proper data management and subsequent analyses. The testing phase of the proposed methodology has provided encouraging results_ applications to selected mountain catchments hit by intense events in northeastern Italy were capable of recognizing flooded areas, debris-flow and shallow landslide activations, and windthrows. The described approach can serve as a preliminary step toward detailed post-event surveys, but also as a preliminary "quick and dirty" mapping framework for local authorities especially when resources for ad hoc field surveys are not available, or in the case of an event that triggers changes in remote areas. Such a systematic potential change identification can help for a more homogeneous and systematic detection and census of the events and their effects. The workflow herein presented is intended as a starting point on top of which more modules can be added (e.g., radar climatology, SAR change detection for near real-time, other severe sources such as lightning, earthquakes or wildfires, machine learning algorithms for image classification, land use and morphological filtering of the results). Future improvements of the described procedure could be finally devised for allowing a continuous operational activity and for maintaining an open-source software implementation.
Effects of gully control measures on sediment yield and connectivity in wooded rangelands
Alfonso-Torreno A.; Schnabel S.; Gomez-Gutierrez A.; Crema S.; Cavalli M., 2022, Effects of gully control measures on sediment yield and connectivity in wooded rangelands,
Catena (Cremling.) 214 (2022). doi_10.1016/j.catena.2022.106259,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.catena.2022.106259
Abstract
Gully rehabilitation is often applied as part of catchment management strategies aimed at reducing downstream ...
Gully rehabilitation is often applied as part of catchment management strategies aimed at reducing downstream sediment yields. However, the influences of gully control measures on the runoff and sediment transport processes in agroforestry systems have been seldom studied. In this paper, a thorough analysis of these processes was carried out in a valley-bottom gully located in a dehesa from SW Spain. The gully was monitored before and after implementation of different runoff and sediment control measures that included_ gabion check-dams, brushwood check-dams and livestock exclusion through fencing. The aims of this work are_ (1) to analyze the effect of the gully control measures on the hydrological dynamics and sediment load, and (2) to evaluate their effect on sediment connectivity at the catchment and channel scales. Changes in topography and connectivity were estimated using sequential Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with a resolution of 0.02 m generated by Structure - from - Motion photogrammetry from aerial images acquired by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Discharge and suspended sediment were monitored at the outlet. Results indicate that flood discharge was not influenced by the control measures, but suspended sediment concentration was reduced by 65%. The integration of the difference of connectivity index with topographic change maps highlighted the impact of the gully control measures on changes in sediment connectivity. A strong relationship between geomorphic dynamics and the spatial pattern of hydrological and sediment pathways were observed in the gully. The connectivity index (IC) increased in eroded areas, while deposition sites showed a decrease in the IC. Connectivity also decreased in the bank headcuts located within an area isolated from livestock. The implementation of runoff and sediment control measures in the channel was successful in stabilizing the expansion of the channel network and had beneficial effects in the short-term but further monitoring would be necessary to understand long-term effects.
The Ecological Observing System of the Adriatic Sea (ECOAdS): structure and perspectives within the main European biodiversity and environmental strategies
Alessandra Pugnetti, Elisabetta Manea, Ivica Vilibi?, Alessandro Sarretta, Lucilla Capotondi, Bruno Cataletto, Elisabeth De Maio, Carlo Franzosini, Ivana Golec, Marco Gottardi, Jelena Kurtovi? Mr?eli?, Hrvoje Mihanovic, Alessandro Oggioni, Grgur Pleslic, Mariangela Ravaioli, Silvia Rova, Andrea Valentini, Caterina Bergami, 2022, The Ecological Observing System of the Adriatic Sea (ECOAdS): structure and perspectives within the main European biodiversity and environmental strategies,
Research Ideas and Outcomes 8 (2022). doi_10.3897/rio.8.e82597,
Abstract
This Policy Brief succinctly presents the Ecological Observing System of the Adriatic Sea (ECOAdS), aimed ...
This Policy Brief succinctly presents the Ecological Observing System of the Adriatic Sea (ECOAdS), aimed at integrating the ecological and oceanographic dimensions within the conservation strategy of the Natura 2000 network, and to propose a way to go for its future development and maintenance. After a definition of marine ecological observatories, we describe the current structure of ECOAdS, its key components and potential relevance in relation to the main European strategies for biodiversity and marine observation for the next decade. Finally, we suggest some actions that could be undertaken for the future development of ECOAdS, targeting possible perspectives in different regional, macro-regional, national and European strategic contexts. This Policy Brief is one of the outcomes of the Interreg Italy-Croatia Project ECOSS (ECological Observing System in the Adriatic Sea_ oceanographic observations for biodiversity; https_//www.italy-croatia.eu/web/ecoss), which had the main purpose to design and carry out the first steps for the establishment of ECOAdS.
Storm characteristics dictate sediment dynamics and geomorphic changes in mountain channels_ A case study in the Italian Alps
Scorpio V.; Cavalli M.; Steger S.; Crema S.; Marra F.; Zaramella M.; Borga M.; Marchi L.; Comiti F., 2022, Storm characteristics dictate sediment dynamics and geomorphic changes in mountain channels_ A case study in the Italian Alps,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 403 (2022). doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108173,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2022.108173
Abstract
In mountain environments, the coupling of hillslopes processes with the channel network during extreme events ...
In mountain environments, the coupling of hillslopes processes with the channel network during extreme events is of great importance for rivers dynamics, as debris flows and landslides are among the most important sources of sediments. The Stolla Creek (40 km drainage area, South Tyrol, Italy) is a confined and partly confined mountain channel that was affected by an extreme flood in August 2017, followed by a smaller event in August 2020. The geomorphic effects of the two floods were investigated both in the main channel and over the entire basin with the aim to assess the impacts of the lateral sediment connectivity to the channel response and to the event-scale sediment export. An integrated approach was applied, including radar rainfall estimation, hydrologic-hydraulic analysis, analysis of morphological changes and sediment delivery to the stream network. Hillslope and channel processes were mapped and characterized by using geomorphological analysis of multitemporal orthophotos and Digital Terrain Models. Debris-flow connectivity to the main channel was derived by combining field evidence and GIS-based analysis. The 2017 flood was caused by rainfall with a short duration (6 h) and a rainfall intensity exceeding 45 mm/h. More than 600 debris flows were triggered in the Stolla basin, and the main channel experienced widening (width ratio between 1.3 and 4.9) through bank erosion and overbank deposition. Widening was accompanied by aggradation in the river corridor up to 1.2 m or incision down to -2.2 m. The 2020 flood was characterized by lower rainfall intensity (max 17 mm/h) and a longer duration (48 h), and debris flows were not triggered. The moderate magnitude of the 2020 flood peak did not lead to channel widening, but marked bed incision (up to -1.4 m) occurred in the reaches where aggradation took place during the 2017 event. In both flood events, limited volumes of sediments were exported from the catchment outlet. Overall, our results highlight how structural connectivity at the basin scale determines the potential sediment cascades linking hillslopes to channels but time-varying functional connectivity - driven by hydrological drivers as rainfall intensities and durations - eventually control the actual sediment transport effectiveness both on hillslopes and along the channel.
Riconoscimento dei processi torrentizi_ il continuum piena – colata di detriti
Marchi Lorenzo, 2022, Riconoscimento dei processi torrentizi_ il continuum piena – colata di detriti,
Workshop IAEGEventi meteo-climatici estremi e gestione del rischio nel territorio - esperienze recenti e nuove sfide, Agripolis - Legnaro (PD), 22/02/2022,
Abstract
- Occurrence of a wide spectrum of sediment transfer processes in steep mountainous channels;
- Different ...
- Occurrence of a wide spectrum of sediment transfer processes in steep mountainous channels;
- Different rheological characteristics
- Different impact on structures, different inundation areas
- Need for methods for process recognition
Valutazione della connettività dei sedimenti attraverso un approccio geomorfometrico
Cavalli M., 2022, Valutazione della connettività dei sedimenti attraverso un approccio geomorfometrico,
2022,
Abstract
Webinar del 15/02/2022 nell'ambito dell'iniziativa Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Quaternario (AIQUA) scientific virtual ...
Webinar del 15/02/2022 nell'ambito dell'iniziativa Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Quaternario (AIQUA) scientific virtual tours
Overview on the Index of Connectivity
Cavalli M., Crema S., Marchi L., 2022, Overview on the Index of Connectivity,
CoupEvent project final conference, online, 14/02/2022,
Abstract
Introduzione a teoria e recenti applicazioni dell'indice di connettività. ...
Introduzione a teoria e recenti applicazioni dell'indice di connettività.
Predicting sediment connectivity in a mountain basin_ A quantitative analysis of the index of connectivity
Martini, Lorenzo; Cavalli, Marco; Picco, Lorenzo, 2022, Predicting sediment connectivity in a mountain basin_ A quantitative analysis of the index of connectivity,
Earth surface processes and landforms (Print) (2022). doi_10.1002/esp.5331,
DOI: 10.1002%2Fesp.5331
Abstract
Sediment connectivity underlies the relationships between sediment source areas and stream network and the use ...
Sediment connectivity underlies the relationships between sediment source areas and stream network and the use of topography-based indices, such as the index of connectivity (IC), has become a common approach to investigate these relationships. However, few studies have tested the potential of the IC as an independent variable for predicting observable processes. In this study, the aim is the validation of the IC as a semi-quantitative tool for depicting structural connectivity and predicting sediment dynamics linking sediment sources to the channel network after a large infrequent disturbance in the Rio Cordon catchment (Italy). First, the assessment of lateral connectivity was carried out using a combination of remote sensing data and field observations. In this way, it was possible to classify the sediment sources into disconnected, connected or functionally connected. Second, logistic regression analyses were performed using different IC variants, with different weighting factors and spatial resolutions as independent variables and connectivity status as dependent variable. Hence, the predictive capacity of the IC was tested and a threshold was derived to distinguish between low and high sediment connectivity. The results showed that only 15% of sediment sources are connected to the stream network. Moreover, the IC proved to be a reliable tool for depicting structural connectivity when using surface roughness as weighting factor and high-resolution digital terrain models. On the contrary, it failed at predicting sediment dynamics as it did not classify correctly the functionally connected areas, so it cannot infer functional sediment connectivity in this case study. As a consequence, it was possible to obtain an IC threshold of -2.32, capable of differentiating between low and high structural sediment connectivity and useful for future management decisions. The threshold, in fact, represents an objective boundary between disconnected and connected sources in the Rio Cordon catchment.
Repeated ETRTs in a Complex Stratified Geological Setting_ High-Resolution Thermal Conductivity Identification by Multiple Linear Regression
Dalla Santa G.[1], Pasquier P.[2], Schenato L.[3], Galgaro A.[4], 2022, Repeated ETRTs in a Complex Stratified Geological Setting_ High-Resolution Thermal Conductivity Identification by Multiple Linear Regression,
Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering (Online) 148 (2022): 04022007-1–04022007-15. doi_10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002724,
DOI: 10.1061%2F(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002724
Abstract
For the design of ground-source heat-pump systems, the local subsoil is an invariant factor. To ...
For the design of ground-source heat-pump systems, the local subsoil is an invariant factor. To improve the evaluation of the local heat exchange capability, significant efforts recently have been devoted to identifying the ground thermal conductivity vertical profile. In recent years, an innovative method using hybrid optic fiber cables inserted into the ground has been developed. The technique relies on copper wires that thermally stimulate the ground. Optical fibers measure the temperature variation over time all along the cable at a high spatial and temporal resolution. In this work, the hybrid cable was grouted into a 125-m well located in the Po Plain in Northern Italy. The provided core defined the geological environment as a continuous succession of unconsolidated alluvial deposits of very limited thickness, grouped in 15 different granulometric units. Three enhanced thermal response test (ETRT) data sets were acquired in different seasons; for 5 days of heating followed by 5 days of recovery, the soil temperature was recorded continuously along the well, with a spatial resolution of 1 m. A new approach using a multiple linear regression is proposed to analyze the data sets to distinguish the thermal conductivity of each individual granulometric unit. The obtained thermal conductivity values were compared and discussed considering the standard thermal response test outputs and the thermal conductivity data obtained from direct measurements performed on the cores. The analytical method's reliability stands due to the high repeatability of the obtained results, despite the increased complexity of the treated geological setting.
On the Use of Optical Fiber Sensors for Debris Flow Monitoring_ A Review of Recent Achievements
Schenato, Luca and Pasuto, Alessandro, 2022, On the Use of Optical Fiber Sensors for Debris Flow Monitoring_ A Review of Recent Achievements,
Advances in Geoengineering along the Belt and Road, edited by Hong-Hu Zhu, Ankit Garg, Askar Zhussupbekov, Li-Jun Su, pp. 60–70. New York_ Springer, 2022,
Abstract
Debris flows are among the most common and dangerous types of landslides on the planet, ...
Debris flows are among the most common and dangerous types of landslides on the planet, often occurring in mountainous areas. Because of their tremendous speeds and the sheer destructive power of their flow, they are extremely hazardous to life and property. Geotechnical instrumentation is critical for monitoring and warning debris flows. However, traditional monitoring systems are hampered by limitations, such as limited spatial resolution and sensitivity, reduced robustness, and powering and cabling issues. These limitations can be surpassed using optical fiber sensors, which are gaining increasing interest by the scientific and stakeholders community. In this paper, we have selected and reviewed some of the most significant achievements and trends on this topic.
Scale-dependence of observational and modelling uncertainties in forensic flash flood analysis
Amponsah W.; Marra F.; Zoccatelli D.; Marchi L.; Crema S.; Pirastru M.; Borga M., 2022, Scale-dependence of observational and modelling uncertainties in forensic flash flood analysis,
Journal of hydrology (Amst.) 607 (2022). doi_10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127502,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2022.127502
Abstract
The mismatch between the space-time scales of flash flood occurrence and those of the typical ...
The mismatch between the space-time scales of flash flood occurrence and those of the typical hydro-meteorological monitoring networks has stimulated the development of forensic flash flood analysis, which involves post-flood indirect peak discharge estimation in ungauged channels and flood response modelling driven by weather-radar rainfall estimates. However, both approaches are potentially affected by significant uncertainties. Assessment of scale dependence of such uncertainties is important to identify how uncertainty affecting forensic flash flood analysis increases with decreasing basin size. In this work, we apply the forensic methodology to the flash flood of November 18, 2013 in Sardinia (Italy). We introduce the 'flash flood forensic consistency index' as a tool to compare the probability distribution of peak discharge uncertainties from observational and model estimates, and to determine the scale effects of the forensic analysis concept. Uncertainties in field-based peak flow estimates are evaluated through a first-order error analysis of the Taylor-series approximation of the slope-conveyance method, whereas uncertainties in flash flood modelling are based on the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation methodology using a distributed hydrologic model. Results show no significant relationship between observational and modelling uncertainties, considered independently, and basin area and channel bed slope. Conversely, when considering the interaction between the two uncertainty distributions, a relationship arises between their degree of overlap and basin size. In particular, with decreasing basin area or increasing channel bed slope, the absolute relative bias between the estimated peak flow values increases more than their relative uncertainties, decreasing the consistency index. This calls for more robust approaches for the analysis of flash flood response in small-sized rugged-relief mountain basins, which are of high interest for flood risk management.
Assessment of suspended sediment dynamics in a small ungauged badland catchment in the Northern Apennines (Italy) using an in-situ laser diffraction method
Bosino A.; Szatten D.A.; Omran A.; Crema S.; Crozi M.; Becker R.; Bettoni M.; Schillaci C.; Maerker M., 2022, Assessment of suspended sediment dynamics in a small ungauged badland catchment in the Northern Apennines (Italy) using an in-situ laser diffraction method,
Catena (Cremling.) 209 (2022). doi_10.1016/j.catena.2021.105796,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.catena.2021.105796
Abstract
The volumes and dynamics of suspended sediments drained from a watershed are often unknown, especially ...
The volumes and dynamics of suspended sediments drained from a watershed are often unknown, especially in small creeks and tributaries where continuous discharge measurements are seldom available. The objective of this study was to assess in a qualitative and quantitative way the sediment dynamics of a small ungauged watershed in the Northern Apennines, Italy. We analysed and correlated the sediment volume concentration and grain-size distribution of the suspended sediments with the precipitation pattern. The study area is a small ungauged watershed (0.15 km) that is dominated by intensive soil erosion processes and related landforms. The basin is oriented East-West with the south-facing slopes characterized by badland erosion processes. The north-facing slopes are cultivated and dominated by rill-interrill erosion phenomena. An morphometrical characterization of the basin was performed using a high-resolution DTM with a 1 × 1 m resolution. Subsequently, the physical characteristics of the topsoil were investigated based on grain size laboratory analysis. A detailed NDVI analysis of the vegetation was performed using Sentinel-2A images. Finally, we assessed the suspended sediments at the outlet of the basin using a laser diffraction technique. The Suspended Sediment Volume Concentration (SSC) and the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of the eroded sediments, provide insights into the morphogenetic processes and the sediment transport dynamics of the basin. The measurements were conducted in autumn 2018 after an intense precipitation period and in spring 2019 after a dry phase. The results show a direct relationship between precipitation and SSC with a delay of about 2 h after the most intense precipitation events. Moreover, we reveal that the SMD values are inversely related to the precipitation due to turbidity effects. The SSC and SMD measurements allow for a detailed assessment of the dynamics between precipitation and suspended sediment load even though discharge volumes were not measured directly.
ICDI Competence Centre for Open Science, FAIR and EOSC – Mission, strategy and action plan
Lazzeri E., Tanlongo F., Pavone G., Alpi F., Ansuini A., Bertazzon E., Bonaccorsi D., Cappelluti F., Casati S., Castelli D., Cippitani R., Colcelli V., Costantini A., Cozzini S., Degl'Innocenti E., Di Donato F., Di Giorgio S., Fava I., Fiore S., Forni M., Galimberti G., Giglia E., Giorgetti A., Kurapati S., Landoni M., Lavitrano M., Marras C., Niccolucci F., Occioni M., Osmenaj E., Paolini G., Pasquale V., Petrillo C., Pugliese R., Ripepi E., Rivoira G., Rossi G., Salon S., Sarretta A., Sartori A., Spiga D., Tamagno D., Tammaro A.M., Vellico M., Vignocchi M., Zane D., 2021, ICDI Competence Centre for Open Science, FAIR and EOSC – Mission, strategy and action plan,
ISTI Technical Report, ISTI-2021-TR/023, 2021,
Abstract
This document presents the mission and strategy of the Italian Competence Centre on Open Science, ...
This document presents the mission and strategy of the Italian Competence Centre on Open Science, FAIR, and EOSC. The Competence Centre is an initiative born within the Italian Computing and Data Infrastructure (ICDI), a forum created by representatives of major Italian Research Infrastructures and e-Infrastructures, with the aim of promoting synergies at the national level, and optimising the Italian participation to European and global challenges in this field, including the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), the European Data Infrastructure (EDI) and HPC.
This working paper depicts the mission and objectives of the ICDI Competence Centre, a network of experts with various skills and competencies that are supporting the national stakeholders on topics related to Open Science, FAIR principles application and participation to the EOSC. The different actors and roles are described in the document as well as the activities and services offered, and the added value each stakeholder can find the in Competence Centre. The tools and services provided, in particular the concept for the portal, through which the Centre will connect to the national landscape and users, are also presented.
This record is the English translation of the original Italian (2021). Competence Centre ICDI per Open Science, FAIR, ed EOSC - Mission, Strategia e piano d'azione. Zenodo. https_//doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5071055
Competence Centre ICDI per Open Science, FAIR, ed EOSC – Mission, strategia e piano d’azione
Lazzeri E., Tanlongo F., Pavone G., Alpi F., Ansuini A., Bertazzon E., Bonaccorsi D., Cappelluti F., Casati S., Castelli D., Cippitani R., Colcelli V., Costantini A., Cozzini S., Degl'Innocenti E., Di Donato F., Di Giorgio S., Fava I., Fiore S., Forni M., Galimberti G., Giglia E., Giorgetti A., Kurapati S., Landoni M., Lavitrano M., Marras C., Niccolucci F., Occioni M., Osmenaj E., Paolini G., Pasquale V., Petrillo C., Pugliese R., Ripepi E., Rivoira G., Rossi G., Salon S., Sarretta A., Sartori A., Spiga D., Tamagno D., Tammaro A.M., Vellico M., Vignocchi M., Zane D., 2021, Competence Centre ICDI per Open Science, FAIR, ed EOSC – Mission, strategia e piano d’azione,
ISTI Technical Report, ISTI-2022-TR/022, 2021,
Abstract
This document presents the mission and strategy of the Italian Competence Centre on Open Science, ...
This document presents the mission and strategy of the Italian Competence Centre on Open Science, FAIR, and EOSC. The Competence Centre is an initiative born within the Italian Computing and Data Infrastructure (ICDI), a forum created by representatives of major Italian Research Infrastructures and e-Infrastructures, with the aim of promoting sinergies at the national level, and optimising the Italian participation to European and global challenges in this field, including the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), the European Data Infrastructure (EDI) and HPC.
This working paper depicts the mission and objectives of the ICDI Competence Centre, a network of experts with various skills and competences that are supporting the national stakeholders on topics related to Open Science, FAIR principles application and participation to the EOSC. The different actors and roles are described in the document as well as the activities and services offered, and the added value each stakeholder can find the in Competence Centre. The tools and services provided, in particular the concept for the portal, though which the Centre will connect to the national landscape and users, are also presented.
An english translation of this document is provided in Zenodo_ Lazzeri, Emma, et all. (2021). ICDI Competence Centre for Open Science, FAIR and EOSC - Mission, Strategy and Action Plan. Zenodo. https_//doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512638
Individuazione di complessi sistematori potenzialmente critici
Marchese E., Valentinotti R., Marchi L., 2021, Individuazione di complessi sistematori potenzialmente critici,
XV Convegno Nazionale GIT- Geosciences and Information Technologies, Ripatransone (AP), 19-21/12/2021,
Abstract
La costruzione di opere di protezione per contrastare piene torrentizie e colate detritiche è stata ...
La costruzione di opere di protezione per contrastare piene torrentizie e colate detritiche è stata avviata nelle Alpi fin dal XIX° secolo ma, dagli anni '60 del secolo scorso, si è avuto un incremento del numero di strutture costruite lungo gli alvei torrentizi, come briglie di consolidamento e di trattenuta. Tuttavia, senza l'implementazione di appropriate strategie di manutenzione, l'efficacia della mitigazione è destinata a diminuire nel tempo in quanto le opere sono inclini ad essere danneggiate dagli stessi processi che dovrebbero mitigare. Accertare lo stato di integrità e la funzionalità delle opere richiede un monitoraggio capillare di strutture spesso costruite in zone non facilmente accessibili che risulta gravoso per gli enti preposti alla loro manutenzione.
I danni dovuti al cedimento di opere di difesa in corsi d'acqua torrentizi si sono manifestati durante l'evento alluvionale "Vaia" che ha interessato l'Italia nordorientale (27-29 ottobre 2018), quando un bacino del Trentino occidentale (rio Rotiano, 2.5 km2) è stato interessato da una colata detritica che ha causato la distruzione di un sistema di briglie costruito dal 1970. La Provincia Autonoma di Trento ha quindi promosso un progetto di ricerca finalizzato allo studio di quanto avvenuto nel bacino del Rio Rotiano. Fra gli scopi del progetto vi è anche lo sviluppo di metodi atti ad individuare le opere che presentano simili potenziali criticità in altri bacini della Provincia di Trento. A tal fine, è stato sviluppato un indice di classificazione per ogni singola opera su base GIS basato su tre fattori "interni", relativi ai componenti costruttivi delle opere e tre fattori "esterni" descrittivi del contesto ambientale in cui l'opera è ubicata. La classificazione di ogni fattore si è basata sull'individuazione di soglie critiche che potessero discriminare in modo univoco le classi. ed è stato assegnato un punteggio di criticità (basso, moderato, elevato). L'indice è definito come la sommatoria ponderata dei valori delle classi dei fattori individuati cosicché il calcolo risulti agevole e di facile controllo e che attraverso l'attribuzione di un peso ad ogni fattore è possibile regolare con semplicità la sensibilità dell'indice alle molte combinazioni possibili. È stato riscontrato attraverso varie prove che non tutti i fattori hanno un peso uguale e che la loro corretta determinazione può riflettersi in una migliore coerenza con lo stato di potenziale criticità delle opere. L'applicazione dell'indice è attualmente in corso e i primi risultati mostrano coerenza con le evidenze di terreno sulla potenziale criticità di alcuni complessi sistematori.
Storm-induced geomorphic effects in a dolomitic catchment_ insights for the understanding of the hillslope-channel sediment coupling.
Scorpio V., Steger S., Cavalli M., Crema S., Marra F., Zaramella M., Borga M., Marchi L., Comiti F., 2021, Storm-induced geomorphic effects in a dolomitic catchment_ insights for the understanding of the hillslope-channel sediment coupling.,
15 Convegno GIT - Geoscience and Information technology, Ripatransone (Ap), 20-21/12/2021,
Abstract
Several heavy precipitation events causing flash floods, debris flows, landslides, and morphological channel changes have ...
Several heavy precipitation events causing flash floods, debris flows, landslides, and morphological channel changes have occurred in Europe over the last years. In mountain environments, mass movements along the hillslopes are important sources of sediment supply to the rivers and may enhance the geomorphic effects of floods.
The Stolla creek (catchment area_ 40 km2) is a confined/partly confined channel of the Dolomites (Easter Italian Alps), that was affected by an extreme flood in August 2017, and by a moderate flood in August 2020.
The geomorphic effects caused by the two storms were investigated with the aims_ to compare the morphological changes induced by the two events in the channel and along the hillslopes; and to assess the impacts of the lateral sediment connectivity to the channel response.
A multi-methodical approach was applied, including radar rainfall estimation, rainfall-runoff modeling, field surveys, remote sensing, geomorphological and statistical analysis. Hillslope and channel processes were mapped by comparing multitemporal orthophotos and changes in bed level elevation in the Stolla channel and sediment volume budget along the main channel and along the hillslope were accomplished using the difference of multi-temporal DTMs (DoD technique). Debris-flow connectivity to the main channel was derived by combining field evidence and geomorphometric analysis.
The 2017 flood was caused by rainfall with a short duration (6 hrs) and a rain rate exceeding 45 mm h-1. More than 600 debris flows were triggered along the hillslopes. The Stolla channel experienced widening occurred through bank erosion, and overbank depositions and bed level aggradation up to 1.2 m or incision up to -2.2 m. Although 294,000 m3 of sediments eroded in the connected debris flows, limited volumes of sediments (< 1000 m3) were exported to the catchment outlet.
The 2020 flood event was characterized by a lower rain rate (max 17 mm h-1) and a long duration (48 hrs) and did not trigger debris flows. The moderate magnitude of the flood peak did not lead to channel widening, but only bed incision (up to -1.4 m) in some reaches.
The results show that different rainfall intensities and durations controlled the sediment transport effectiveness during the two floods and that the structural connectivity had an important role on the sediment cascade from the hillslopes to the main channel.
A framework for assessing sediment volumes mobilized by debris flows_ test in the Liera catchment (Dolomites)
Macchi Giorgia, Crema Stefano, Boretto Gabriella, Monegato Giovanni, Marchi Lorenzo, Arziliero Luciano, De Fanti Barbara, Cavalli Marco, 2021, A framework for assessing sediment volumes mobilized by debris flows_ test in the Liera catchment (Dolomites),
GIT2021, Ripatransone (AS), 19-21/12/2021,
Abstract
Presentazione per congresso GIT ...
Presentazione per congresso GIT
A data-driven spatial approach to identify (ir)relevant areas to provide debris flow sediments to the fluvial system
Steger S., Scorpio V., Comiti F., Cavalli M., 2021, A data-driven spatial approach to identify (ir)relevant areas to provide debris flow sediments to the fluvial system,
15 Convegno GIT - Geoscience and Information technology, Ripatransone (Ap), 20-21/12/2021,
Abstract
Debris flow processes are known to contribute substantial amounts of sediment to the fluvial system ...
Debris flow processes are known to contribute substantial amounts of sediment to the fluvial system in mountainous areas, such as the Alps. In fact, debris flow release areas represent relevant sediment sources that should be taken into account when mitigating flood hazards for lower order streams.
However, terrain that frequently produces debris flows is not necessarily connected to the channel network while structurally connected areas may often not produce debris flows. Therefore, the relevance of an area to contribute debris flow material to a channel mainly depends on the co-occurrence of two aspects_ a high debris flow susceptibility which coincides with a high structural sediment connectivity.
In this work, we present a novel data-driven approach that allows to identify areas that are both, susceptible to debris flow initiation and structurally connected to the main channel network. The methodology was developed for a debris flow prone basin located in the South Tyrolean Dolomites and further tested for two other catchments that exhibit different geomorphological settings.
The methodical approach was based on the manual mapping of event-specific connected and disconnected debris flows areas that allowed to (i) calibrate a statistically based debris flow release susceptibility model and (ii) to derive quantitative thresholds for the previously derived connectivity index map (IC). The joined results reflect debris flow connectivity-susceptibility maps that were evaluated from numerous perspectives, including the evaluation of the spatial transferability of the approach.
We present (i) quantitative IC index thresholds that allow to discriminate connected from disconnected debris flow release areas, (ii) well-performing debris flow release susceptibility models and (iii) joint debris flow connectivity-susceptibility maps that allow identifying zones that are differently relevant in terms of debris flow connectivity. Issues related to the geomorphic plausibility of the results and the spatial transferability of the approach are discussed. The proposed approach requires few basic input data sets and has therefore the potential to be applied over vast areas.
Valutazione della connettività dei sedimenti attraverso un approccio geomorfometrico
Cavalli M., Crema S., Cucchiaro S., Macchi G., Trevisani S., Marchi L., 2021, Valutazione della connettività dei sedimenti attraverso un approccio geomorfometrico,
15 Convegno GIT - Geoscience and Information technology, Ripatransone (Ap), 20-21/12/2021,
Abstract
La connettività dei sedimenti, definita come il grado in cui un sistema favorisce il trasferimento ...
La connettività dei sedimenti, definita come il grado in cui un sistema favorisce il trasferimento di sedimenti attraverso i suoi diversi settori, è emersa recentemente come una proprietà fondamentale dei sistemi geomorfici. Il crescente interesse della comunità delle scienze della terra per la connettività ha portato questa proprietà a diventare un concetto chiave per quanto riguarda l'analisi dei processi di trasferimento dei sedimenti e uno degli elementi costitutivi della moderna geomorfologia. La crescente disponibilità di modelli digitali delle elevazioni (DEM) ad alta risoluzione derivati da diverse tecniche quali LiDAR e Structure from Motion (SfM) ha aperto la strada ad approcci quantitativi e semiquantitativi per valutare la connettività dei sedimenti. Nel corso degli ultimi anni è stato sviluppato e affinato un indice geomorfometrico di connettività dei sedimenti (Borselli et al., 2008; Cavalli et al., 2013), basato su parametri derivabili dal DEM come area drenata, pendenza, lunghezza dei percorsi di deflusso e scabrezza superficiale, insieme ad uno specifico strumento software stand alone, freeware e open source (SedInConnect, Crema & Cavalli, 2018). L'indice mira a rappresentare la connettività a scala di bacino per valutare il contributo di una data parte del bacino come sorgente di sedimenti e definire i relativi percorsi di trasferimento. Il crescente interesse per la caratterizzazione quantitativa dei legami tra le diverse unità del paesaggio e la semplice applicabilità di questo indice hanno portato a numerose applicazioni in diversi contesti (Cavalli et al., 2020). Il presente lavoro presenta e discute le principali applicazioni di questo indice che essendo basato sulla topografia, si concentra sugli aspetti strutturali della connettività tenendo in considerazione che qualità e risoluzione dei DEM possono avere un impatto significativo sui risultati. Lo sviluppo futuro dell'indice dovrebbe considerare un approccio più basato sui processi e incorporare la variabilità temporale direttamente nello schema di calcolo. Inoltre, questo lavoro dimostra che, se applicato con attenzione considerando i limiti intrinseci dell'approccio prevalentemente topografico, l'indice può fornire rapidamente una caratterizzazione spaziale della dinamica dei sedimenti, migliorando così la comprensione del comportamento del sistema geomorfologico e, di conseguenza, la valutazione della pericolosità e del rischio.
Hypsometry
Trevisani S., Marchi L., 2021, Hypsometry,
Encyclopedia of Mathematical Geosciences, edited by B.S. Daya Sagar, Qiuming Cheng, Jennifer McKinley, Frits Agterberg. Cham, Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London_ Springer, 2021,
Abstract
In very general terms, hypsometry is the measurement of land elevation. In geomorphology, hypsometry refers ...
In very general terms, hypsometry is the measurement of land elevation. In geomorphology, hypsometry refers to the analysis of the cumulative distribution of the elevation, absolute or relative, in a given region. The distribution of elevation is a basic topographic feature of a territory, and its representation is useful for interpreting and characterizing geomorphic processes. Hypsometry can be computed in spatial domains of any shape and extent, including the whole earth surface; however, often the studies of hypsometry focus on drainage basins.
Hypsometric curves, which represent the fraction of area above a given elevation, are a widely adopted tool for the graphical representation of hypsometry.
Given the relationships between hypsometric characteristics and geomorphic processes and factors, it is not surprising the ample literature related to the exploitation of hypsometric-based indices in multiple research contexts, not limited to the analysis of drainage basins (e.g., morphology of glaciers, planetary morphology, etc.).
Flood of 21-22 October 2019 in the Orba River basin_ peak discharge reconstruction in selected tributaries
Lorenzo Marchi
Marco Cavalli
Velio Coviello
Stefano Crema, 2021, Flood of 21-22 October 2019 in the Orba River basin_ peak discharge reconstruction in selected tributaries,
2021,
Abstract
The peak discharge of three small streams affected by the flood of 21-22 October 2019 ...
The peak discharge of three small streams affected by the flood of 21-22 October 2019 in the Orba River basin (Piemonte) was indirectly estimated based on the survey of flood marks and cross-sections in selected channel reaches.
Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ an open data-oriented tool for local management authorities
Stefano Crema, Alessandro Sarretta, Giorgia Macchi, Velio Coviello, Marco Borga, Francesco Marra, Lorenzo Marchi and Marco Cavalli, 2021, Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ an open data-oriented tool for local management authorities,
Il contributo del CNR IRPI al sistema paese per la mitigazione dei rischi geo idrologici, Roma, 25-26 novembre 2021,
Abstract
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., flooded areas, shallow landslide ...
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., flooded areas, shallow landslide and debris flow activations, windthrows) is a fundamental prerequisite for local authorities to put into practice management strategies and establishing early-intervention priorities. The collection of these data is a resource-demanding task requiring huge personnel effort and financial means. Furthermore, events occurring in remote areas with a low chance of intersecting human infrastructures, are rarely detected and mapped accurately, thus leading to incorrect assumptions in relation to both extreme events spatial distribution and especially to the real occurrence probability. The present work aims at tackling some of the above-mentioned issues by providing a framework for obtaining the automatic identification of severe weather events that may have caused important erosional processes or vegetation damage, combined with a rapid preliminary change detection mapping over the identified areas.
The proposed approach leverages the free availability of both high-resolution global scale radar rainfall products and Sentinel-2 multi-spectral images to identify the areas to be analyzed and to carry out change detection algorithms, respectively. Radar rainfall data are analyzed and areas where high intensity rainfall and/or very important cumulative precipitation has occurred are used as a mask for restricting the subsequent analysis, which, in turn, is based on a multi-spectral change detection algorithm.
The testing phase of the proposed methodology provided encouraging results_ applications to selected mountain catchments hit by the VAIA storm in northeastern Italy (October 2018) were capable of identifying flooded areas, debris-flow and shallow landslide activations and windthrows with good accuracy and with the ability to distinguish between erosional processes and windthrows.
The described approach can serve as a preliminary step toward detailed post-event surveys, but also as a preliminary "quick and dirty" mapping framework for local authorities especially when resources for ad hoc field surveys are not available.
Such a systematic potential change identification, in combination with regular expert-driven validation, can finally pave the way for a process of self-improvement in detection and classification accuracy_ if classified changes are validated, machine-learning algorithms can subsequently be trained to learn and improve the performance not only in change detection accuracy but also in single-scene classification.
Future improvements of the described procedure could be finally devised for allowing a continuous operational activity and for maintaining an open-source software implementation.
A framework for assessing sediment volumes mobilized by debris flows_ the case of study of Liera catchments (Dolomites)
Giorgia Macchi, Stefano Crema, Gabriella Boretto, Giovanni Monegato, Lorenzo Marchi, Luciano Arziliero, Barbara De Fanti, Marco Cavalli, 2021, A framework for assessing sediment volumes mobilized by debris flows_ the case of study of Liera catchments (Dolomites),
Il contributo del CNR IRPI al sistema paese per la mitigazione dei rischi geo idrologici, Roma, 25-26/11/2021,,
Abstract
Extreme meteorological events cause environmental damages, particularly in mountain areas, which are prone to destructive ...
Extreme meteorological events cause environmental damages, particularly in mountain areas, which are prone to destructive processes such as landslides and debris flows. An intense storm, named Vaia, occurred from 27th to 30th October 2018 over Northeastern Italy, triggering mass wasting processes, generating new slope instabilities, causing widespread windthrows, and damaging anthropic structures. The objectives of the present study are to create and compare pre- and post-event sediment source inventories and to quantify debris flows mobilized volumes.
Progetto VaiaLand – Relazione del primo anno di attività
Alessandro Pasuto, Matteo Mantovani, Raniero Beber, Mario Floris, Emanuele Lingua, 2021, Progetto VaiaLand – Relazione del primo anno di attività,
2021,
Abstract
Il rapporto presenta le attività svolte nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra il Commissario delegato ai ...
Il rapporto presenta le attività svolte nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione tra il Commissario delegato ai primi interventi urgenti di protezione civile in conseguenza degli eccezionali eventi meteorologici che hanno interessato il territorio della Regione Veneto, dal 27 ottobre al 5 novembre 2018, l'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IRPI), il Dipartimento di Geoscienze (GEO) e il Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TESAF) dell'Università di Padova, per l'analisi del rischio da frana e conseguenti azioni per la mitigazione del rischio e gestione delle criticità anche ai fini di protezione civile, del territorio della Regione Veneto .
Relazione intermedia Progetto ANICE
Giulia Bossi, Matteo Mantovani, Gianluca Marcato, Alessandro Pasuto, Giorgia Macchi, Stefano Crema, Marco Cavalli, 2021, Relazione intermedia Progetto ANICE,
2021,
Abstract
Il report presenta le attività svolte nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione Scientifica tra Regione del Veneto ...
Il report presenta le attività svolte nell'ambito dell'Accordo di Collaborazione Scientifica tra Regione del Veneto e il Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione idrogeologica nell'ambito del progetto DTA.AD003.587 ANICE -'Analisi degli aspetti geologici - geomorfologici e morfometrici dei nodi idraulici di Cencenighe e Perarolo, nell'ambito degli interventi previsti per la "Realizzazione dei modelli fisici/matematici delle confluenze di Perarolo e Cencenighe e indagini connesse"
Flash floods in Europe_ flow response and geomorphic impact
Lorenzo Marchi, Marco Borga, Marco Cavalli, Francesco Comiti, Velio Coviello,
Stefano Crema, Nicola Surian, 2021, Flash floods in Europe_ flow response and geomorphic impact,
IL CONTRIBUTO DEL CNR IRPI AL SISTEMA PAESE PER LA MITIGAZIONE DEI RISCHI GEO IDROLOGICI, Roma, 25-26/11/2021,
Abstract
Main results_
Collection of a large dataset of radar rainfall data, flow response, and geographical data ...
Main results_
Collection of a large dataset of radar rainfall data, flow response, and geographical data in European countries and Israel.
Differences in seasonal occurrence, unit peak discharge and runoff coefficient between climatic regions.
Identification of hydraulic and topographic factors that control channel changes during flash floods.
Multi-objective zoning for aquaculture and biodiversity
Venier C.; Menegon S.; Possingham H.P.; Gissi E.; Zanella A.; Depellegrin D.; Sarretta A.; Barbanti A.; McGowan J., 2021, Multi-objective zoning for aquaculture and biodiversity,
Science of the total environment 785 (2021). doi_10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146997,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2021.146997
Abstract
Aquaculture is the fastest growing food production industry in the world yet research and guidance ...
Aquaculture is the fastest growing food production industry in the world yet research and guidance demonstrating strategic multi-objective zoning for sector expansion is scarce. Quantifying and mitigating conflicts and impact on sensitive coastal environments through jointly-optimized objectives for aquaculture and biodiversity simultaneously has not been tested yet. We here develop and evaluate six alternative planning scenarios for one of the European Union's highest priority bivalve shellfish aquaculture areas, the Emilia-Romagna Region in Italy. We i) develop an aquaculture profitability surface as a function of the distance from main ports, and in parallel build a fine-scale aquaculture suitability distribution surface for important commercial species using multi-criteria analysis; ii) prioritize protected areas for biodiversity while testing how different considerations of human impacts influence priorities; iii) simultaneously plan for aquaculture and biodiversity while minimizing impacts on other maritime activities. We compare results from different scenarios according to how well they capture suitable aquaculture habitats and minimize impacts. We introduce a new evaluation method for scenario comparison in spatial optimization using a nearest-neighbor analysis for spatial pattern similarities. Lastly, we test the "value of information" provided by our investment in developing the fine-scale suitability surface to improve efficiencies. We find that an integrated multi-objective zoning approach, which simultaneously optimizes for biodiversity and aquaculture, supports more efficient planning than traditional sector specific growth strategies. We also discovered that the fine-scale suitability model delivered a 5% more efficient solution than the simple distance function, highlighting the role of proxy cost surfaces and diminished returns from investing in comprehensive habitat suitability analysis in regions without much variation in key parameters. We offer evidence of improved efficiency and practical guidance for integrated planning in Blue Growth agendas. Our analysis can be applied in any context where multiple objectives occur for aquaculture sector growth and biodiversity conservation.
A Comparison Between Traditional and Hybrid Optic Fibre Based Ground Thermal Response Tests
Dalla Santa G.[1], Schenato L.[2], Pasquier P.[3], Galgaro A.[1,4], 2021, A Comparison Between Traditional and Hybrid Optic Fibre Based Ground Thermal Response Tests,
World Geothermal Congress (WGC) 2020+1, pp. 1–7, Reykjavik, Iceland, April - October 2021,
Abstract
The importance of analysing and understanding the entity of the ground thermal conductivity aimed at ...
The importance of analysing and understanding the entity of the ground thermal conductivity aimed at evaluating the heat exchange
capability in ground-source heat-pump (GSHP) applications is crucial. The subsoil represents the limiting factor in borehole heat
exchanger (BHE) field design for building conditioning, due to its immutability and the cumbersome expenses associated with the
installation drilling phase. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the thermal properties of a geological setting_ laboratory
analyses on sample corings, thermal response tests (TRTs) and distributed TRTs carried out with fibre optic sensors.
In this regard, a GSHP system of more than 60 BHEs 120m deep has been realized at the new humanistic campus of the University
of Padova (Italy). The coring provided a detailed stratigraphic sequence of unconsolidated alluvial deposits. Besides, the monitoring
well has been equipped with a hybrid optical fibre cable integrating some electrical wires conductors and a bundle of fibre optics,
sealed into the well. The fibre optic cable has been used here in an active mode to perform an Enhanced Thermal Response Test
(ETRT) by injecting a constant heating power through the electrical wires contained within the cable structure and by measuring the
transient thermal behaviour of the borehole. This kind of TRT has distributed features because exploits the optical fibre sensing
technology to provide a spatial distributed representation of the behaviour of the subsoil along the stratigraphic succession.
In the paper, the data acquired from the distributed ETRT have been analysed with two different method (analysis of the measured
temperature by applying the first-order approximation of the infinite line-source model and the derivative analysis); the results are
compared each other and to the global thermal conductivity provided by the traditional TRT in relation to the local stratigraphic
succession.
Rapporto tecnico sull’analisi dati in fase di installazione
L. Schenato, G. Tedesco, L. Brezzi, G. Marcato, S. Cola, A. Bisson, 2021, Rapporto tecnico sull’analisi dati in fase di installazione,
2021,
Abstract
Deliverable D7.1 di progetto POR-FESR INMOSTRA ...
Deliverable D7.1 di progetto POR-FESR INMOSTRA
Overview on activities in the frame of the SedInOut project
Cavalli M., Crema S., Macchi G., Boretto G., Mantovani M., Monegato G., Marchi L., 2021, Overview on activities in the frame of the SedInOut project,
Meeting SedInOut project, Klagenfurt (Austria), 13-15/10/2021,
Abstract
Il contributo presenta le attività svolte ed i principali risultati ottenuti dal gruppo di lavoro ...
Il contributo presenta le attività svolte ed i principali risultati ottenuti dal gruppo di lavoro del CNR IRPI e IGG nell'ambito del Progetto Interreg ITA-AUT SedInOut.
Il monitoraggio microsismico dello sperone roccioso di Capanna J.A. Carrel
Arattano M. (1), Chiarle M. (1), Coviello V. (1), Morra di Cella U. (2), Pogliotti P. (2), 2021, Il monitoraggio microsismico dello sperone roccioso di Capanna J.A. Carrel,
Il Monte Cervino, pp. 138–139. Bard_ Forte di Bard, 2021,
Abstract
I cambiamenti climatici stanno determinando un aumento dell'instabilità dei versanti rocciosi di alta quota. Questo ...
I cambiamenti climatici stanno determinando un aumento dell'instabilità dei versanti rocciosi di alta quota. Questo fenomeno è divenuto particolarmente evidente a partire dalla torrida estate 2003, quando numerosi massicci alpini hanno manifestato un'attività di crolli senza precedenti, mettendo a rischio escursionisti, alpinisti e infrastrutture di alta quota. Nell'ambito dei progetti Interreg Alcotra PERMAdataROC e MASSA, il CNR-IRPI e ARPA Valle d'Aosta, con il supporto finanziario e logistico della Regione Valle d'Aosta, hanno realizzato presso la Capanna J.A. Carrel un sistema sperimentale di monitoraggio microsismico delle deformazioni dell'ammasso roccioso, in relazione all'andamento della temperatura. La formazione e l'apertura di fratture nella roccia, così come il distacco di blocchi rocciosi, sono infatti fenomeni che producono vibrazioni che possono essere percepite e registrate da geofoni_ l'installazione di una rete di sensori adeguatamente posizionati può consentire di individuare non solo quando, ma anche dove avvengono i fenomeni di interesse. Lo studio ha evidenziato una correlazione tra i "rumori" sismici prodotti dallo sviluppo di stati tensionali della roccia e/o da crolli, da un lato, e le variazioni di temperatura, dall'altro. La brevità dello studio non ha tuttavia consentito di verificare il possibile utilizzo applicativo dei segnali registrati dai geofoni quali precursori di eventi di crollo.
Il monitoraggio delle colate detritiche_ caratteristiche tecniche, utilizzo in sistemi di allerta e costi di riferimento
Marchi Lorenzo, 2021, Il monitoraggio delle colate detritiche_ caratteristiche tecniche, utilizzo in sistemi di allerta e costi di riferimento,
IL MONITORAGGIO DEI VERSANTI - CORSO DI ALTA FORMAZIONE (Earth Technology Expo), Firenze, 14-15/10/2021,
Abstract
La presentazione, destinata ad un pubblico di professionisti e funzionari dei serviti tecnici delle pubbliche ...
La presentazione, destinata ad un pubblico di professionisti e funzionari dei serviti tecnici delle pubbliche amministrazioni, illustra le principali problematiche del monitoraggio delle colate detritiche, con particolare riguardo ai sistemi di allertamento.
I movimenti delle montagne_ tutto quello che c’è da sapere sulle frane (e non solo)!
Giorgia Macchi, 2021, I movimenti delle montagne_ tutto quello che c’è da sapere sulle frane (e non solo)!,
2021,
Abstract
Presentazione multimediale interattiva presentata durante il laboratorio della Notte dei Ricercatori "VeneToNight 2021", presso il ...
Presentazione multimediale interattiva presentata durante il laboratorio della Notte dei Ricercatori "VeneToNight 2021", presso il complesso Beato Pellegrino, per avvicinare il pubblico alle attività dell'istituto di Protezione e Ricerca Idrogeologica di Padova.
Colata detritica del rio Gadria (Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano)
Marchi L., Coviello V., 2021, Colata detritica del rio Gadria (Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano),
Linee Guida per il Monitoraggio delle Frane, edited by Luca Dei Cas, Alessandro Trigila, Carla Iadanza, pp. 195–199, 2021,
Abstract
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive il bacino ...
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive il bacino attrezzato del Rio Gadria ed i principali dati in esso raccolti
Strumentazione colate rapide
Marchi L., Coviello V., Crema S., 2021, Strumentazione colate rapide,
Linee Guida per il Monitoraggio delle Frane, edited by Luca Dei Cas, Alessandro Trigila, Carla Iadanza, pp. 131–137, 2021,
Abstract
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive i principali ...
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive i principali tipi di sensori utilizzabili la misura delle colate detritiche per finalità di studio e di allertamento
Misure per colate rapide
Marchi L., Coviello V., Crema S., 2021, Misure per colate rapide,
Linee Guida per il Monitoraggio delle Frane, edited by Luca Dei Cas, Alessandro Trigila, Carla Iadanza, pp. 52–54, 2021,
Abstract
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive le principali ...
Nell'ampio di una comprensiva monografia dedicata al monitoraggio delle frane, il paragrafo descrive le principali problematiche relative alla misura delle colate detritiche per finalità di studio e di allertamento.
Sediment connectivity assessment through geomorphometry_ review of recent applications.
Cavalli M., Crema S., Marchi L., 2021, Sediment connectivity assessment through geomorphometry_ review of recent applications.,
Geomorphometry 2021, da remoto, 13-15/09/2021,
Abstract
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water ...
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water and sediment through itself by means of coupling relationships between its components, has become a key issue in sediment transfer processes analysis and one of the building blocks of modern geomorphology. The growing availability of high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) offers new opportunities for the characterization of sediment
connectivity spatial patterns. An index of sediment connectivity, based on DEM derivatives as drainage area, slope, flow length and surface roughness, has been recently developed along with related freeware software tool (SedInConnect). The index aims at depicting spatial connectivity patterns at the catchment scale to support the assessment of the contribution of a given part of the catchment as sediment source and define sediment transfer paths. The increasing interest in the quantitative characterization of the linkages between landscape units and the straightforward applicability of this index led to numerous applications in different contexts. Such works demonstrate that, when carefully applied considering the intrinsic limitations of the geomorphometric approach, the index can rapidly provide a spatial characterization of sediment dynamics, thus improving the understanding geomorphic system behavior and, consequently, hazard and risk assessment. This work presents and discusses the main applications of this sediment connectivity index.
Report rilevamento in Val d’Ansiei, Auronzo di Cadore
Macchi G.*, Boretto G.*, Monegato G.*'', Crema S.*, Cavalli M*., 2021, Report rilevamento in Val d’Ansiei, Auronzo di Cadore,
2021,
Abstract
Nell'ambito del progetto Interreg SedInOut è stata effettuata una campagna di rilievi nei giorni ...
Nell'ambito del progetto Interreg SedInOut è stata effettuata una campagna di rilievi nei giorni 24-26 agosto 2021 nelle aree di studio del bacino idrografico del torrente Ansiei, in Auronzo di Cadore (BL), al fine di_ valutare la dinamica del sedimento in ambienti di alta montagna (trasporto, disponibilità e genesi del sedimento...), determinare la connessione o disconnessione del sedimento rispetto all'asta del corso d'acqua principale,
validare la mappatura ottenuta tramite interpretazione da ortofoto e DTM in ambiente GIS. In questo report vengono riportati i principali risultati. In questo report vengono riportati i principali risultati.
Rilievo delle aree sorgenti di sedimento nel bacino del torrente Liera (Canale d’Agordo – BL)
Boretto G., Macchi G., Monegato G., Marchi L., Crema S., Cavalli M., 2021, Rilievo delle aree sorgenti di sedimento nel bacino del torrente Liera (Canale d’Agordo – BL),
2021,
Abstract
Nell'ambito del progetto Interreg SedInOut è stata effettuata una campagna di rilievi nei mesi di ...
Nell'ambito del progetto Interreg SedInOut è stata effettuata una campagna di rilievi nei mesi di maggio e giugno 2021 nel bacino del torrente Liera (Canale d'Agordo -BL), al fine di_ (i) valutare in campo le mappature
delle aree sorgenti di sedimento pre- e post-evento ottenute dall'interpretazione di ortofoto ad alta risoluzione e le risultanze delle analisi del confronto tra Modelli Digitali del Terreno (DTM) derivati da dati LiDAR aerei (risoluzione di 1 m) acquisiti nel 2015 e nel 2019; (ii) raccogliere dati mediante compilazione di schede tecnico-descrittive che permettono di caratterizzare in dettaglio le aree sorgenti in situ; (iii) valutare la dinamica di sedimento nell'area di studio considerando trasporto, disponibilità, connessione-disconnessione del sedimento. In questo report vengono riportati i principali risultati.
Relazione Annuale “INSTALLAZIONE, SUPPORTO, MISURE ED ANALISI DEI DATI DI UN SISTEMA TERMOMETRICO IN FIBRA OTTICA – FESR 4036, STUDIO ED ANALISI DI STABILITÀ DEL TRATTO ARGINALE DEL FIUME ADIGE CHE AFFIANCA L’AUTOSTRADA A22”
Luca Schenato, Gianluca Marcato, Giacomo Tedesco, 2021, Relazione Annuale “INSTALLAZIONE, SUPPORTO, MISURE ED ANALISI DEI DATI DI UN SISTEMA TERMOMETRICO IN FIBRA OTTICA – FESR 4036, STUDIO ED ANALISI DI STABILITÀ DEL TRATTO ARGINALE DEL FIUME ADIGE CHE AFFIANCA L’AUTOSTRADA A22”,
pp.1–37, 2021,
Abstract
La presente relazione costituisce il rapporto dopo il primo anno di attività previsto dall'incarico stipulata ...
La presente relazione costituisce il rapporto dopo il primo anno di attività previsto dall'incarico stipulata dall'Agenzia della Protezione Civile della Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano - Alto Adige
Area funzionale Bacini Montani, nel testo a seguire citata come Protezione Civile di Bolzano, e l'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, sede
secondaria di Padova - a seguire CNR IRPI o semplicemente IRPI - per "Installazione, supporto, misure ed analisi dei dati di un sistema termometrico in fibra ottica - FESR 4036, Studio ed analisi
di stabilità del tratto arginale del fiume Adige che affianca l'Autostrada A22." Documento annuale richiesto ai sensi dell'art. 3 dell'incarico identificato da Raccolta nr. 252/2020 (protocollo 13651
Agenzia della Protezione Civile della Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano - Alto Adige del 29.06.2020).
Sediment-water flows in mountain catchments_ Insights into transport mechanisms as responses to high-magnitude hydrological events
Brenna A.; Marchi L.; Borga M.; Ghinassi M.; Zaramella M.; Surian N., 2021, Sediment-water flows in mountain catchments_ Insights into transport mechanisms as responses to high-magnitude hydrological events,
Journal of hydrology (Amst.) 602 (2021). doi_10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126716,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2021.126716
Abstract
Sediment transfer in mountain streams occurs via processes classified as debris flows, hyperconcentrated flows, debris ...
Sediment transfer in mountain streams occurs via processes classified as debris flows, hyperconcentrated flows, debris floods, and water flows under the control of the water energy and the amount of involved sediment. Despite the extensive documentation of the channel changes caused by high-magnitude hydrological events, the analysis of the sediment-water flows occurring during such floods is currently a minimally explored issue. This study investigated how the transport mechanisms activated in a mountain stream during a high-magnitude flood differ from those triggered during ordinary floods. It also evaluated the effectiveness of three morphometric approaches in predicting high-magnitude flows expectable in a channel sub-reach. The study area is the Tegnas catchment (Dolomites, Italy), a mountain basin affected in 2018 by a severe hydrological event (Vaia Storm), whose recurrence interval is approximately 200 years. We determined the transport processes typifying the stream network in the catchment during ordinary floods through field surveys and direct monitoring and compared these flows with the high-magnitude flow types that occurred during the Vaia Storm. Additionally, we examined the flows predicted using the morphometric approaches for high-magnitude events. We observed water flow as a response to ordinary events occurring along the entire Tegnas main stem, whereas debris flow ordinarily determines sediment transfer at steep tributaries. During the Vaia Storm, water flow still dominated along the Tegnas Torrent, although debris flows and debris floods were also documented at several sub-reaches of the main stem. The morphometric approaches satisfactorily predicted debris flows but often failed to recognize the debris floods occurred during the high-magnitude 2018 flooding. The analysis of different flow types enabled us to infer relationships among transport mechanisms, hydraulic forcing, and channel dynamics and to gain new insights on the poorly explored debris flood processes. Water flows transitioned into debris floods under unit stream powers exceeding the threshold of 5000 to 5500 W m or downstream of sediment-injection points. The occurrence of debris floods, which caused higher channel widening than that induced by water flows, appeared to be facilitated by the presence of tributaries prone to debris flow occurrence connected to a receiving stream, the injection of fine material into the flows, and channels characterized by high slope and narrow section. The morphometric approaches enabled adequate first-order discrimination of expectable high-magnitude flows, but a more detailed characterization that includes field observations is necessary to understand the transport mechanisms that can affect a specific channel site during high-magnitude hydrological events for a more accurate and reliable definition of flood hazard at the local scale.
Report attività 2° periodo di rendicontazione – Progetto ITAT3032 SedInOut – “Sviluppo di una metodologia di gestione del rischio tramite la valutazione della disponibilità di sedimento al trasporto in massa in ambiente montano”)
Marco Cavalli, Stefano Crema, Gabriella Boretto, Giorgia Macchi, Matteo Mantovani, Gianluca Marcato, Lorenzo Marchi, Giovanni Monegato, Giacomo Tedesco, 2021, Report attività 2° periodo di rendicontazione – Progetto ITAT3032 SedInOut – “Sviluppo di una metodologia di gestione del rischio tramite la valutazione della disponibilità di sedimento al trasporto in massa in ambiente montano”),
2021,
Abstract
Il progetto SedInOut, finanziato dal programma Interreg Italia-Austria, Fondo Europeo per lo Sviluppo Regionale dell'Unione ...
Il progetto SedInOut, finanziato dal programma Interreg Italia-Austria, Fondo Europeo per lo Sviluppo Regionale dell'Unione Europea è coordinato dall'Ufficio Geologia e Prove Materiali, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige e vede come partner la Difesa del Suolo della Regione del Veneto, la Regione Autonoma Friuli-Venezia Giulia - Direzione Centrale, Difesa dell'ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo Sostenibile - Servizio Geologico, il Dipartimento 6 - Infrastrutture e Trasporti del Land di Salisburgo e il Dipartimento 8 - Ambiente, Energia e Conservazione della Natura del Land della Carinzia. In questo contesto, il CNR IRPI ha sottoscritto un accordo di collaborazione con la Regione del Veneto ed il presente rapporto relaziona sulle attività condotte nell'ambito del progetto nel periodo novembre 2020-maggio 2021.
Seconda relazione Tecnica (revisione 01) – Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica ex art. 15 della l.241
Marco Cavalli, Stefano Crema, Velio Coviello, Lorenzo Marchi, Carlo Gregoretti, Andreas Schimmel, Francesco Comiti, Alessandro Pasuto, 2021, Seconda relazione Tecnica (revisione 01) – Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica ex art. 15 della l.241,
2021,
Abstract
Il presente rapporto è stato prodotto nell'ambito dell'Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica per la definizione delle ...
Il presente rapporto è stato prodotto nell'ambito dell'Accordo di collaborazione tecnico-scientifica per la definizione delle soglie di allarme e le conseguenti logiche di funzionamento del Sistema di monitoraggio ed allarme della colata detritica di Cancia (Borca di Cadore), tra l'Agenzia Regionale per la Prevenzione e Protezione Ambientale del Veneto (ARPAV), il Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (CNR IRPI), l'Università degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento TESAF (UNIPD) e la Libera Università di Bolzano (UNIBZ). Il rapporto, dopo aver richiamato le soglie di allertamento implementate nel 2020, presenta le risultanze delle osservazioni post-evento effettuate a seguito degli eventi verificatisi nel corso dello stesso anno e propone poi l'aggiornamento delle soglie pluviometriche, di livello e geofoniche, delle logiche di funzionamento del Sistema di monitoraggio ed allarme, precedentemente presentate nella relazione tecnica (rev. 1) del 15/04/2020 (Cavalli et al., 2020).
Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ implementing an open data-oriented framework for landscape management authorities
Crema S., Marchi L., Borga M., Sarretta A., Macchi G., Cavalli M., 2021, Thunderslide – from rainfall to preliminary landslide mapping_ implementing an open data-oriented framework for landscape management authorities,
EGU General Assembly 2021, 19-30 April 2021,
Abstract
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., flooded areas, shallow landslide ...
Gathering systematic information on the effects of extreme weather events (e.g., flooded areas, shallow landslide and debris flow activations, windthrows) is a fundamental prerequisite for local authorities to put into practice management strategies and establishing early-intervention priorities. The collection of these data is a resource-demanding task requiring huge personnel effort and financial means. Furthermore, events occurring in remote areas with a low chance of intersecting human infrastructure, are rarely detected and mapped accurately, thus leading to incorrect assumptions in relation to both extreme events spatial distribution and especially to the real occurrence probability. The present work aims at tackling some of the above-mentioned issues by providing a framework for obtaining the automatic identification of severe weather events that may have caused important erosional processes or vegetation damage, combined with a quick and preliminary change detection mapping over the identified areas.
The proposed approach leverages the free availability of both high-resolution global scale radar rainfall products and Sentinel-2 multispectral images to identify the areas to be analyzed and to carry out change detection algorithms, respectively. Radar rainfall data are analyzed and areas where high intensity rainfall and/or very important cumulative precipitation has occurred are used as a mask for restricting the subsequent analysis, which, in turn, is based on a multispectral change detection algorithm.
The testing phase of the proposed methodology provided encouraging results_ applications to selected mountain catchments hit by the VAIA storm in northeastern Italy (October 2018) were capable of identifying flooded areas, debris-flow and shallow landslide activations and windthrows with good accuracy and with the ability to distinguish between erosional processes and windthrows.
The described approach can serve as a preliminary step toward detailed post-event surveys, but also as a preliminary "quick and dirty" mapping framework for local authorities especially when resources for ad hoc field surveys are not available.
Such a systematic potential change identification, in combination with regular expert-driven validation, can finally pave the way for a process of self-improvement in detection and classification accuracy_ if classified changes are validated, machine-learning algorithms can be trained to learn and improve performance not only in change detection accuracy but also in single-scene classification.
Future improvements of the described procedure could be finally devised for allowing a continuous operational activity and for maintaining an open-source software implementation.
Assessing the effect of the Vaia storm on sediment source areas and connectivity storm in the Liera catchment (Dolomites)
Gabriella Boretto, Stefano Crema, Lorenzo Marchi, Giovanni Monegato, Giorgia Macchi, Luciano Arziliero and Marco Cavalli, 2021, Assessing the effect of the Vaia storm on sediment source areas and connectivity storm in the Liera catchment (Dolomites),
EGU General Assembly 2021, 19-30 April 2021,
Abstract
Extreme meteorological events are important causes of environmental damages, particularly in mountain areas that can ...
Extreme meteorological events are important causes of environmental damages, particularly in mountain areas that can be heavily affected by destructive processes such as landslides and debris flows. From 27 and 30 October 2018, an extraordinary storm - named Vaia - hit Northeastern Italy. The Vaia storm triggered mass wasting processes, generated new slope instabilities, caused widespread windthrows, and damaged human infrastructure. This work aims at assessing the effect of the Vaia storm in the Liera Torrent basin (Venetian Dolomites, Italy), by building and comparing sediment source inventories before and after the Vaia storm. The Liera basin drains an area of 35 km2 and elevation ranges between 976 and 3192 m a.s.l. The mapping and classification of the sediment sources have been carried out through the interpretation of high-resolution orthophotos and Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) derived from airborne LiDAR data (1-m resolution) acquired in 2015 and 2019. A topography-based index of sediment connectivity has been applied to characterize connectivity spatial patterns at catchment scale and identifying the sediment sources on the hillslopes effectively connected to the Liera torrent. A preliminary connectivity analysis showed that the upstream sector the catchment located in the Pale di San Martino plateau is not effectively connected to the lower Liera valley because of its karstic environment and debris originated from the highest portion of the relief are confined in a hollow. Thus the inventories have been limited to the medium and lower parts of the catchment considering an area of 20 km2. Results indicated a total of 1650 sediment source areas after the Vaia event, with an areal increase of about 20% with respect to 2015 inventory, especially due to the development of landslide (843 in total for the 2019 inventory), expansion of the debris flow channel (257) and areas subject to surficial erosion (127). Other areas that have been identified encompass debris flow deposit (288), rock fall deposit (31), stream bank erosion (45), and other sediment source areas which need field survey to be properly classified (59). The analysis allowed_ (1) obtaining reliable and detailed pre- and post- event sediment sources inventories, (2) assessing sediment connectivity at the catchment scale, which is fundamental for estimating the contribution of sediment sources and related transfer paths, (3) improving sediment dynamics understanding related to the Vaia storm in the study area. Future analysis will focus on field validation and residual sediment availability for the investigated areas. This study was carried out in the frame of the Interreg V-A Italy - Austria SedInOut project.
Impact of a volcanic eruption on the sediment connectivity of a Chilean river basin_ the Calbuco study case
Andreoli M., Martini L., Cavalli M., Iroumé A., Picco L., 2021, Impact of a volcanic eruption on the sediment connectivity of a Chilean river basin_ the Calbuco study case,
EGU General Assembly 2021, da remoto, 19-30/04/2021,
Abstract
Volcanic eruptions are natural disturbances capable of introducing large quantities of sediment
into river systems as ...
Volcanic eruptions are natural disturbances capable of introducing large quantities of sediment
into river systems as to upset the transport regime for several years. Such a disturbance can have
a strong impact on the water and sediment flows and consequently on the transport capacity.
Moreover, changes in morphological settings and land cover lead to an alteration of the sediment
connectivity within the catchment. This study aims to investigate the changes of sediment
connectivity in a catchment affected by an explosive volcanic eruption using the Index of
Connectivity (IC) with a multi-temporal approach. Potential variations were analyzed at the
catchment scale over a period of 6 years, before and after the eruption. The study area, located in
southern Chile, is the Blanco Este River basin (39,6 km²), affected by the eruption of the Calbuco
volcano (April 2015, total volume of sediment expelled of about 0,28 km³) which profoundly
changed its vegetation cover, geomorphology and hydrology. IC analyses were based on lowresolution
and freely available data (i.e., GDEM, Landsat 8 satellite images). Through supervised
image classification and field data survey, a Manning's n coefficient for overland flow is derived as
weighting factor (W) due to its suitability to represent the impedance to sediment flows in
catchments characterized by land cover variations. Following the eruption, bare soil cover on the
basin doubled (from 5% to 10% of total basin area). Consequently, the multi-temporal analysis
results in an overall increase of IC with the median value ranges from -3,58 to -3,26 in pre-eruptive
(2015) and first post-eruptive scenario (2016), respectively. The connectivity maps show that the
higher IC values (i.e. range from -1,23 to 1,66) are persistently located in three areas_ at the base of
the volcanic dome, on the steepest slopes near the main channel and in a sub-basin on the right
side of the catchment. Moreover, the Difference of IC (DoIC) among different scenarios highlighted
the major variations. Such changes are found along the volcano slopes, in a flat area located in the
upper part of the basin and along the lower valley of the Rio Blanco Este. The study proposes a
useful methodology to evaluate the sediment connectivity, and its evolutionary trends, in
environments affected volcanic eruptions starting from low-resolution data and field survey. These
results may help to better define types, location and typologies of interventions to improve the
river management approaches, considering the ongoing cascading processes. This research is
funded by the Fondecyt 1200079 project.
Unravelling sediment connectivity during an extreme event in an Alpine catchment
Scorpio V., Cavalli M., Comiti F., Steger S., 2021, Unravelling sediment connectivity during an extreme event in an Alpine catchment,
EGU General Assembly 2021, da remoto, 19-30/04/2021,
Abstract
This work presents the results of the basin-scale analysis of sediment connectivity between hillslopes and ...
This work presents the results of the basin-scale analysis of sediment connectivity between hillslopes and the main channel during an extreme event in a mountain catchment. The Stolla basin (South Tyrol, Italy) was affected by a high-magnitude event in August 2017, during which the channel experienced widening and bed level changes and more than 600 debris flows, and landslides occurred in the basin.
Hillslope and channel processes were mapped and characterized by using geomorphological analysis of orthophotos and pre- and post-event Digital Terrain Models (DTMs). Mass wasting process connectivity was derived by combining field survey evidence and GIS analysis. The coupling between the debris flows and landslides and the main channel was also evaluated by applying the Index of sediment connectivity (IC) by Cavalli et al. (2013). Binary logistic regression and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to define thresholds that allow to discriminate connected from disconnected debris flows and landslides, based on IC values with respect to the main channel of the Stolla stream.
First results indicate that the Stolla's post-event channel width was up to five times the pre-event width. Channel widening occurred mainly through bank erosions, removals of riparian vegetation and over bank depositions. Widening appeared to be accompanied by channel bed aggradation up to 1 m or incision up to -2 m. Depending on the morphological characteristics of the channel and of the valley, sediments were eroded from the banks, from the bed or were delivered by connected debris flows, landslides, and toe erosion processes. Statistical analyses indicate a high efficiency of the logistic regression model and the associated threshold to separate connected from disconnected debris flows and landslides using the IC as a predictor variable.
Unraveling the relationship between geomorphodiversity and sediment connectivity in a small alpine catchment
Bollati I.M.; Cavalli M., 2021, Unraveling the relationship between geomorphodiversity and sediment connectivity in a small alpine catchment,
Transactions in GIS (Print) (2021). doi_10.1111/tgis.12793,
DOI: 10.1111%2Ftgis.12793
Abstract
Mountain regions are characterized by a spatial geomorphic heterogeneity that confers on the environment a ...
Mountain regions are characterized by a spatial geomorphic heterogeneity that confers on the environment a significant geomorphodiversity. A methodology based on a different scale/spatial/resolution approach is proposed to evaluate the relationship existing among geomorphodiversity, geomorphological processes. and sediment connectivity. Starting from the geomorphological mapping of the Veglia Devero Natural Park (Lepontine Alps), indexes of fragmentation (IFrm) and geomorphodiversity (IGmf) were computed. The results were used to select a meaningful sub-area (Buscagna stream catchment) for calculating the index of connectivity (IC). The relationships among these three indexes are discussed, using a semi-quantitative approach including descriptive statistics (i.e., box plot) and analysis of the different geomorphoconnectivity sectors, testifying to the role of geomorphic processes in regulating sediment fluxes and, consequently, controlling landscape units. IGmf turned out to be more conservative than IFrm and more management-oriented for protected areas, while IC was confirmed to be particularly suitable to characterize connectivity in small mountain catchments featuring different geomorphic processes and a complex topography. This study suggests that coupling the sediment connectivity with the geomorphology and geomorphodiversity of a given area represents a quite novel approach that could be usefully applied in the framework of protected areas to investigate also biodiversity patterns and consequently environmental evolution in space and time.
Opening Marine Long-Term Ecological Science_ Lesson Learned From the LTER-Italy Site Northern Adriatic Sea
Minelli A, Sarretta A, Oggioni A, Bergami C, Bastianini M, Bernardi Aubry F, Camatti E and Pugnetti A, 2021, Opening Marine Long-Term Ecological Science_ Lesson Learned From the LTER-Italy Site Northern Adriatic Sea,
Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (2021). doi_10.3389/fmars.2021.659522,
DOI: 10.3389%2Ffmars.2021.659522
Abstract
This work presents a practical case study of the Open Science principles applied to the ...
This work presents a practical case study of the Open Science principles applied to the valorization of a long-term marine dataset collected in the Northern Adriatic Sea, one of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites of the LTER-Italy network. The dataset covers a temporal range of 50 years (1965-2015), and it is composed of abiotic, and phyto- and zooplankton data, for a total of 21 parameters. The case study involved many actions, which will be described here, distinguishing between the ones affecting the whole research project workflow and those acting more specifically on the dataset. We evaluate strengths, weaknesses, and possible improvements for each action. The present study pointed out that, despite the initial and still some remaining mistrust, opening research projects is more than a best practice. It is (i) important because it improves research transparency (increasing researchers' credibility, replicability of science, and products reuse), (ii) required by many international initiatives and regulations, and (iii) enriching because it encourages cooperation between scientists across different fields and laboratories.
Data from https://intranet.cnr.it/people/
