Marchi L., Cavalli M., 2006, Reconstruction of a large debris flow in an alpine basin. Chieppena Torrent (Italy).,
EGU General Assembly, Vienna, 2006,
Marchi L., 2006, New tools for supporting documentation in the field.,
Vienna, 2006,
Marchi L., Cavalli M., 2006, Procedures for the documentation of historical debris flows_ an application to the Chieppena Torrent (Eastern Italian Alps).,
8th Workshop - Methodology of historical event documentation, Bolzano, 2006,
FUJISAWA K., KAMIHARA N., MARCATO G., PASUTO A, 2006, One example of Road Tunnel Route Modification caused by Landslide,
International Seminar on Risk Management for Roads, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2006,
Mao, L., Cavalli, M., Comiti, F., Marchi, L., Arattano M., 2006, Long-term monitoring of bedload and debris flows in two small catchments of the Eastern Italian Alps.,
1st International Conference on Monitoring, Simulation, Prevention and Remediation of Dense and Debris Flows, pp. 147–157, Rhodes; Greece; 7 June 2006 through 9 June 2006, Rhodes; Greece; 7 June 2006 through 9 June 2006,
Abstract
In this paper, results from experimental stations located in two streams of the Eastern Italian ...
In this paper, results from experimental stations located in two streams of the Eastern Italian Alps are presented_ the Rio Cordon (5.0 km2) and the Moscardo Torrent (4.1 km2). The former hosts a measuring station for water and sediment (both suspended and bedload) transport rates operating since 1986, whereas the latter was set up in 1989 to monitor debris-flow events. Differences in sediment dynamics between the two basins are quantitatively investigated by using a magnitude-frequency analysis that highlights the relatively low sediment supply of the Rio Cordon and the unlimited sediment availability in the Moscardo Torrent.
Tecca P.R., Armento C., Genevois R., 2006, Debris flow hazard and mitigation works in Fiames slope (Dolomites, Italy).,
1st International Conference on Monitoring, simulation, prevention and remediation of dense and debris flows, pp. 15–25, Rhodes, Greece, 2006,
Abstract
Active debris flow scree in the territory of Cortina d'Ampezzo (Dolomites, Italy) seriously threatens the ...
Active debris flow scree in the territory of Cortina d'Ampezzo (Dolomites, Italy) seriously threatens the urbanized areas and the state road. In September 1997, following a 25.000 m(3) magnitude debris flow that temporarily dammed the river, a retention basin with a storage capacity of about 15000 m(3), was built upstream the state road. In this paper, the effectiveness of the existing debris basin has been evaluated regarding to the magnitude of the design debris flow. Based on geomorphological and historical data, major events up to 30.000 m(3) may be possible. To avoid destruction caused by debris flows, new mitigation measures are planned. Proper zoning is implemented, but for the state road cannot be relocated, both passive and active mitigation measures must be adopted. A warning system has been designed, based on both the early detecting of debris flow-induced ground vibrations and the overcoming of rain thresholds, for stopping the traffic on the state road in the event of a debris flow. As it is not possible to mitigate debris flows along the flow paths, the most suitable action to reduce the risk is to control the debris deposition. Proper design requires an estimate of the magnitude, frequency and delineation of debris flow hazard and risk of the site, together with fundamental information such as possible runout distances, depth, velocities and impact force of a design debris flow. For this purpose, a two-dimensional flow routing model, FLO-2D, has been used, based on a detailed DEM of the site, data collected in a similar neighbour debris flow monitored site and reasonable assumptions regarding sediment concentration and other rheological parameters. A more effective design of a retention basin is proposed.
DAgostino V., Tecca P.R., 2006, Some considerations on the application of the FLO-2D model for debris flow hazard assessment.,
Monitoring, simulation, prevention and remediation of dense and debris flows, edited by G. Lorenzini, C.A. Brebbia, D. Emmanouloudis, pp. 159–170. Southampton_ Wit Press, 2006,
Cavalli M., Grisotto S., 2006, Individuazione con metodi GIS delle aste torrentizie soggette a colate detritiche_ applicazione al bacino dellalto Avisio (Trento).,
26 (2006): 83–94.,
Marchi, L., Cavalli, M., Cerato, M., 2006, Documentazione di eventi alluvionali storici_ applicazione al torrente Chieppena (Trentino).,
26 (2006): 503–518.,
Arattano M., Franzi L., Marchi L., 2006, Influence of rheology on debris flow simulation.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 6 (2006): 519–528. doi_10.5194/nhess-6-519-2006,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-6-519-2006
Abstract
Systems of partial differential equations that include the momentum and the mass conservation equations are ...
Systems of partial differential equations that include the momentum and the mass conservation equations are commonly used for the simulation of debris flow initiation,
propagation and deposition both in field and in laboratory research. The numerical solution of the partial differential equations can be very complicated and consequently
many approximations that neglect some of their terms have been proposed in literature. Many numerical methods have been also developed to solve the equations. However we show in this paper that the choice of a reliable rheological model can be more important than the choice of the best approximation or the best numerical method to employ. A simulation of a debris flow event that occurred in 2004 in an experimental basin on the Italian Alps has been carried out to investigate this issue. The simulated results have been compared with the hydrographs recorded during the event. The rheological parameters that have been obtained through the calibration of the mathematical model have been also compared with the rheological parameters obtained through the calibration of previous events, occurred in the same basin. The simulation results show that the influence of the inertial terms of the Saint-Venant equation is much more negligible than the influence of the rheological parameters and the geometry. A methodology to quantify this influence has been proposed.
Marchi, L. ; Tecca, P. R., 2006, Some observations on the use of data from historical documents in debris-flow studies.,
Natural hazards (Dordr.) 38 (2006): 301–320. doi_10.1007/s11069-005-0264-z,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs11069-005-0264-z
Abstract
The knowledge of past events is important for the assessment of debris-flow hazard. Amongst the ...
The knowledge of past events is important for the assessment of debris-flow hazard. Amongst the sources of information, documents from historical archives are particularly important in sites where the debris flows cause damage to urban areas and transportation routes. The paper analyses the availability of historical documents on debris flows in Northeastern Italy and discusses factors that can influence the building of time series from archive data both at regional and single basin scales. An increased number of debris flows was observed in the studied region for the last decades. This could be due both to an increased frequency of the events and to a larger availability of information_ the analysis carried out indicates that the latter factor is probably the most influencing. The importance of factors, which affect the collection of data, including the conservation of documents and the presence and fragility of the elements at risk, is stressed in view of a wise use of historical data on debris flows.
Zabuski, Leslaw; Marcato, Gianluca, 2005, Numerical modelling of the landslide processes using discontinuous approach,
Mass Movement Hazard in Various Environments, pp. 119–124, Kracow (Poland), 20/10/2005,21/10/2005,
Abstract
Principles and examples of discontinuous numerical modelling of the landslide slopes are presented in the ...
Principles and examples of discontinuous numerical modelling of the landslide slopes are presented in the paper. In many cases, rock mass is composed of relatively strong and com petent rock blocks, which are intersected with discontinuities, such as joints, faults, fault zones, bedding planes, etc. Deformation process of such system is modelled numerically, using UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code) computer programme. This approach is explained in the paper, and two examples of numerical simulation of the landslide development illustrate its main features. The first example is concerned with the landslide modelling in a diabase quarry, whereas the second one presents the simulation of the process in the Italian Dolomites. The results prove the appropriateness and usefulness of the discontinuous modelling approach.
Pasuto, A., Siorpaes, C., Soldati, M., 2005, Carta geomorfologica dell’area circostante Cortina d’Ampezzo (Dolomiti, Italia).,
2005,
Arattano, M.; Marchi, L., 2005, Measurements of debris flow velocity through cross-correlation of instrumentation data,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 5 (2005): 137–142. doi_10.5194/nhess-5-137-2005,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-5-137-2005
Abstract
Detection of debris flow occurrence can be efficiently obtained through different types of sensors. A ...
Detection of debris flow occurrence can be efficiently obtained through different types of sensors. A pair of ultrasonic sensors placed at a known distance from each other
along a torrent have been used as a method to obtain mean front velocity of debris-flows, in addition to their use as detectors of debris flow occurrence. Also seismic and acoustic sensors have been employed to measure debris-flow front velocity and discharge in the same manner. In order to obtain velocity measurements, however, these methods require the presence of a well identifiable and defined main front in the debris flow wave. The time lag between the recordings of the front of the wave at two consecutive stations allows an estimation of its mean velocity. When a well-defined front is not present and no recurrent feature can be found along the wave, the measurement of velocity may prove difficult. The crosscorrelation technique may help identifying the mean velocity of the flow in such cases. In fact, cross correlation allows to determine the mean time lag elapsed between the recording of two sets of data of the same event at different positions. This technique may be also used to measure velocity using signals coming from different types of sensors, for instance where a ground vibration detector has been placed along a torrent where an ultrasonic sensor was already present or viceversa. An application has been made using field data recorded through seismic and ultrasonic sensors in a small instrumented catchment in the Italian Alps (Moscardo Torrent).
Lollino G., Arattano M., Allasia P. and Giordan D. Arattano M., Franzi L. & Marchi L., 2005, On the influence of rheology on debris flow mathematical simulation_ a real case.,
2nd EGU General Assembly , April 2005, Wien, Austria, 2005,
Marchi, L., Cavalli, M., Grisotto, S. Mazzorana, B., Trevisani, S., Zannoni, A., 2005, Work Package 7 – Innovative Tools for Information Collection.,
2005,
DAgostino, V, Marchi, L., 2005, Analisi tecnico-scientifica delle schede documentazione eventi.,
2005,
Pia Rosella Tecca, Rinaldo Genevois, 2005, Relazione Finale della Convenzione tra la Regione Veneto e lIRPI-CNR di Padova per lo studio della colata detritica di Fiames (Cortina dAmpezzo, BL).,
pp.1–93, 2005,
Marcato, G., Moretto, S., Pasuto, A., Silvano, S., Tagliavini, F., Zannoni, A., (eds.), 2005, Assessment of landslide risk and mitigation in mountain areas (ALARM).,
2005,
Marchi, L., 2005, Elementi per la determinazione dellintensità delle colate detritiche.,
2005,
Marchi, L., 2005, Il trasporto solido di fondo e le colate detritiche_ fenomenologia ed effetti sullassetto dei corsi dacqua a forte pendenza.,
2005,
Marchi, L., Cavalli, M.,, 2005, Riconoscimento dei processi torrentizi in area di conoide e scenari di intensità.,
, 2005,
Marchi L., Arattano M., 2005, Benefits of long-term debris flow monitoring instrumented basin,
Erb Conference, Torino, 2005,
Higuchi, K., Nomura, Y., Asai, K., Fujisawa, K., Pasuto, A., Marcato, G., Fukuoka, F., Iwao, T., 2005, Development of landslide displacement detection sensor using an optical fiber in the OTDR method.,
44° Meeting Japan Landslide Society, Sasebo, Japan, 2005,
Asai, K., Fujisawa, K., Nishimoto, H., Miyajima, K., Noda, T., Mukai, K., Pasuto, A., Marcato, G., 2005, Joint Research by Japan and Italy Concerning Landslide Monitoring Technologies.,
44° Meeting Japan Landslide Society, Sasebo, Japan, 2005,
Reichembach P., Tagliavini F., Guzzetti F., Pasuto A.,Fujizawa K., 2005, Valutazione preliminare della pericolosità da frana nellarea del M. Salta (prealpi friulane), con particolare riferimento ai fenomeni di crollo. Preliminary study of rock fall hazard assessment in the Mt. Salta area (eastern Italian Alps).,
Congresso AIGA, Bari, 2005,
Marcato G., Silvano S. & Zabuski, 2005, Modellazione di ammassi rocciosi instabili con il metodo degli elementi distinti.,
2 (2005): 87–92.,
Reichenbach P.; Tagliavini F.; Guzzetti F.; Pasuto A.; Fujizawa K., 2005, Valutazione preliminare della pericolosità da frana nell’area del M. Salta (prealpi friulane), con particolare riferimento ai fenomeni di crollo.,
Giornale di geologia applicata 2 (2005): 7–12.,
Tecca P.R., Galgaro A., Genevois R., Deganutti A.M., 2005, Acoustic module of the Acquabona (Italy) debris flow monitoring system.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 5 (2005): 211–215.,
Abstract
Monitoring of debris flows aimed to the assessment of their physical parameters is very important ...
Monitoring of debris flows aimed to the assessment of their physical parameters is very important both for theoretical and practical purposes. Peak discharge and total volume of debris flows are crucial for designing effective countermeasures in many populated mountain areas where losses of lives and property damage could be avoided.
This study quantifies the relationship between flow depth, acoustic amplitude of debris flow induced ground vibrations and front velocity in the experimental catchment of Acquabona, Eastern Dolomites, Italy. The analysis of data brought about the results described in the following. Debris flow depth and amplitude of the flow-induced ground vibrations show a good positive correlation. Estimation of both mean front velocity and peak discharge can be simply obtained monitoring the ground vibrations, through geophones installed close to the flow channel; the total volume of debris flow can be so directly estimated from the integral of the ground vibrations using a regression line. The application of acoustic technique to debris flow monitoring seems to be of the outmost relevance in risk reduction policies and in the correct management of the territory. Moreover this estimation is possible in other catchments producing debris flows of similar characteristics by means of their acoustic characterisation through quick and simple field tests (Standard Penetration Tests and seismic refraction surveys).
Corsini A.; Pasuto A.; Soldati M.; Zannoni A., 2005, Field monitoring of the Corvara landslide (Dolomites, Italy) and its relevance for hazard assessment.,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 66 (2005): 149–165.,
Abstract
The Corvara landslide is an active slow moving rotational earth slide - earth flow, located ...
The Corvara landslide is an active slow moving rotational earth slide - earth flow, located uphill of the village of Corvara in
Badia, one of the main tourist centres in the Alta Badia valley in the Dolomites (Province of Bolzano, Italy). Present-day
movements of the Corvara landslide cause National Road 244 and other infrastructures to be damaged on a yearly basis. The
movements also give rise to more serious risk scenarios for some buildings located in front the toe of the landslide. For these
reasons, the landslide has been under observation since 1997 with various field devices that enable slope movements to be
monitored for hazard assessment purposes. Differential GPS measurements on a network of 47 benchmarks has shown that
horizontal movements at the surface of the landslide have ranged from a few centimetres to more than 1 m between September
2001 and September 2002. Over the same period, vertical movements ranged from a few centimetres to about 10 cm, with the
maximum displacement rate being recorded in the track zone and in the uppermost part of the accumulation lobe of the
landslide. Borehole systems, such as inclinometers and TDR cables, have recorded similar rates of movement, with the depths
of the major active shear surfaces ranging from 48 m to about 10 m. From these data, it is estimated that the active component of
the landslide has a volume of about 50 million m3. In this paper the monitoring data collected so far are presented and discussed
in detail to prove that the hazard for the Corvara landslide, considered as the product of yearly probability of occurrence and
magnitude of the phenomenon, can be regarded has as medium or high if the velocity or alternatively the volume involved is
considered. Finally, it is also concluded that the monitoring results obtained provide a sound basis on which to develop and
validate numerical models, manage hazard and support the identification of viable passive and active mitigation measures.
D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Marchi, L., Dalla Fontana, G., 2005, GIS morphometric indicators for the analysis of sediment dynamics in mountain basins.,
Environmental geology (Berl.) 48/2 (2005): 211–228.,
Silvano, S., Pasuto, A., 2004, La gestion du risque hydrologique et géologique en Italie.,
, 2004,
Borgatti, L., Soldati, M., Corsini, A., Galuppo, A., Ghinoi, A., Marchetti, M., Oddone, E., Panizza, A., Pasuto, A., Pellegrini, G.B., Schiavon, E., Siorpaes, C., Surian, N., Tagliavini, F.,, 2004, Geomorphoogy and slope instability in the Dolomites (northeastern Italy): from Lateglacial to recent geomorphological evidence and engineering geological applications.,
, 2004,
Pasuto, A., Silvano, S., Tagliavini, F., 2004, Evaluation of landslide hazard and risk in north-eastern Italy.,
, 2004,
Panizza, M., Corsini, A., Marchetti, M., Pasuto, A., Silvano, S., Soldati,M., 2004, Cartographie du risqué de mouvements de terrain au Tyrol du Sud.,
, 2004,
Marchi L., Arattano M. & Dini M., 2004, Benefits of long-term debris flow monitoring in instrumented basins,
2004,
Arattano M. Marchi L., 2004, An integrated system for the detection of debris flow occurrence,
1st EGU General Assembly Nice, France, April 2004., Nizza, 2004,
Pasuto A., Silvano S., Tagliavini F., 2004, Evaluation of landslide hazard and risk in north-eastern Italy,
FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SIMULATION IN RISK ANALYSIS AND HAZARD MITIGATION, 2004,
Mantovani, M., Marcato, G., Pasuto, A., Silvano, S., Tagliavini, F., Zannoni, A., 2004, Slope instability around the Sauris reservoir (North-eastern Italy).,
Landslide: Evaluation and Stabilization, pp. 79–84. London_ Lacerda, Ehrlich, Fontoura & Sayao (eds), 2004,
Marchi, L., Arattano, M., Dini, M., 2004, Benefits of long-term debris-flow monitoring in instrumented basins.,
International Conference ERB2004, Turin, 2004,
DAgostino, V., Marchi, L., Coali, R., 2004, Fenomeni di colata detritica alla testata di un bacino dolomitico..,
International Congress Interpraevent, 2004,
Marchi, L., 2004, Registro del comportamiento de corrientes con derrubios en el torrente Moscardo (Alpes Italianos).,
Ingenieria del Agua 11 (2004): 275–280.,
Pasuto A.; Soldati M., 2004, An integrated approach for hazard assessment and mitigation of a debris flow in the Italian Dolomites,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 61 (2004): 59–70.,
Abstract
This paper shows the results of research on a debris flow occurring on 4 September ...
This paper shows the results of research on a debris flow occurring on 4 September 1997 in the territory of Cortina d'Ampezzo
(Dolomites, Italy) where it caused a significant threat owing to the intense urban development, typical of several Alpine valleys.
The event, which affected the talus fans at the foot of Mt. Pomagagnon near the village of Fiames, blocked the state road no.
51 ''Alemagna'' and, after sparing some houses, barred the course of the Torrent Boite and formed an impoundment. This debris
flow aroused great concern among local authorities and the Belluno Civil Engineers Board; therefore, the construction of
embankments for protecting the buildings threatened by the debris flow was started immediately. This area was studied in detail
during this research in order to identify the hazard situations of the whole slope. The investigations made use of an integrated
approach including historical, geomorphological, geostructural, meteorological, pedological, and forest-management aspects.
Furthermore, assessments of the debris volumes potentially removable in the source area were carried out. The geomorphological
evolution of the area was reconstructed, pinpointing the morphological changes occurring in the past 45 years. Taking into
account the increased frequency and magnitude of recent events and considering the location of roads and buildings in the
accumulation area, the risk conditions were analysed in order to identify a risk zonation and to propose mitigation measures.
D 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Soldati M.; Corsini A.; Pasuto A., 2004, Landslides and climate change in the Italian Dolomites since the Lateglacial.,
Catena (Cremling.) 55/2 (2004): 141–161.,
Abstract
The paper deals with the relationship between the temporal occurrence of landslides and climatic
changes in ...
The paper deals with the relationship between the temporal occurrence of landslides and climatic
changes in the Italian Dolomites since the Late glacial. After an introduction on the state of the art,
with particular reference to the Alpine region, the results of recent investigations in the two study
sites are illustrated. At Cortina d'Ampezzo, several landslides were dated mainly by the radiocarbon
method. The most ancient landslide event there involved large rock slides, which affected the
dolomitic slopes following the withdrawal of glaciers after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and
also slides and flows mainly occurring in pelitic materials of the valley floors (from 13,000 to
10,000 cal BP). A later series of flows occurred between 5500 and 2500 cal BP. In the Upper Badia
Valley (Alta Badia), the most ancient events go back to 10,000 and 9000 cal BP, and correspond
with earth flows that followed vast rotational slides affecting the bedrock up to a depth of about 50
m. More recent earth flows, involving more modest amounts of material, took place between 6500
and 2300 cal BP.
By analysing the dates from the two study areas, it was possible to correlate the recorded
increase of landslide activity with the climatic changes occurring at the boundary between the Late
glacial and the Holocene and between the Atlantic and the Subboreal, and to compare the results
with those derived from other European regions. The types and causes of landslides taking place in
these two periods were substantially different, reflecting the different morphoclimatic conditions
that existed in the two areas when these mass movements were triggered. Finally, notwithstanding
the importance of non-climatic causes, such as geological-structural factors and possible human
influences, it is concluded that many of the dated landslides can be considered as indicators of
climatic change.
Marchi L.; D'Agostino, V., 2004, Estimation of debris-flow magnitude in the Eastern Italian Alps.,
Earth surface processes and landforms (Print) 29 (2004): 207–220. doi_10.1002/esp.1027,
DOI: 10.1002%2Fesp.1027
Abstract
The estimation of debris-flow magnitude is an essential step in the assessment of debris-flow hazard. ...
The estimation of debris-flow magnitude is an essential step in the assessment of debris-flow hazard. Although different
methods have been developed for the assessment of debris-flow magnitude, this is still a difficult task because of the
complexity of flow processes and the lack of data to test estimation procedures in many mountainous regions. Data on debrisflow
magnitude from 127 basins in the Eastern Italian Alps have been collected from scientific and technical journals,
technical reports, historical documents gathered from local archives, and field surveys. These data were used to develop and
test different predictive approaches, encompassing regression equations, geomorphological surveys and probabilistic analysis
of time series. Regression techniques were used to correlate debris-flow magnitude to morphometric parameters and geological
characteristics of the basins. Values of the channel debris yield rate (contribution per unit length of channel), proposed
in the literature, were compared with data from the study area for identifying reference values for channel stretches of
different morphological characteristics. Although limited to the few basins in which sufficient data were available, the
probabilistic analysis of time series of debris-flow magnitude provides indications about the relations between magnitude and
frequency of debris flows. Some observations about the capability and drawbacks of considered methods are presented and
the combined use of different approaches for the estimation of debris-flow magnitude is suggested.
Tecca P.R., Deganutti, A.M., Genevois, R., Galgaro, A., 2003, Velocity distribution in a coarse debris flow.,
3rd International Conference on Debris Flow Hazard and Mitigation - Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, pp. 905–916, Davos, Switzerland, Sept. 10-12, 2003,
Mantovani M., Marcato G., Pasuto A., Silvano S., Tagliavini F., Zannoni A., 2003, Evoluzione della frana de ?La Maina? in località Lateis (comune di Sauris ?UD) nel periodo dicembre 2002 – gennaio 2003,
2003,
Mantovani M., Marcato G., Pasuto A., Silvano S., Tagliavini F., Zannoni A., 2003, Convenzione fra la Regione Friuli Venezia Giulia e l?IRPI-CNR per lo studio della frana del Passo della Morte in comune di Forni di Sotto (UD), relazione finale della 1° fase,
2003,
Pasuto A., Silvano S., Tagliavini F., Zannoni A., 2003, Assessment of landslide risk and mitigation in mountain areas, EC RTD Fifth framework programme, Contract EVG1-CT-2001-00038 (ALARM). Third six month progress report,
2003,
Pasuto A., Silvano S., Tagliavini F., Zannoni A., 2003, Assessment of landslide risk and mitigation in mountain areas, EC RTD Fifth framework programme, Contract EVG1-CT-2001-00038 (ALARM). Second six month progress report,
2003,
