PETRUCCI O., 2009, 2009 damaging hydrogeological event in Calabria_ damage assessment using a simplified procedure,
11th Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms, BARCELLONA, 10 SETTEMBRE 2009,
Coscarelli R.; Caloiero T.; Gullà G., 2009, A proposal for rainfall scenarios triggering superficial landslides by analysis of autumn 2008 – winter 2009 events in Calabria,
Epitome (Udine) (2009): 12. doi_10.1474/Epitome.03.0039.Geoitalia2009,
DOI: 10.1474%2FEpitome.03.0039.Geoitalia2009
Abstract
Precipitation is one of the most frequent causes for landslides triggering, especially superficial ones. It ...
Precipitation is one of the most frequent causes for landslides triggering, especially superficial ones. It is well known that any phenomenon responds peculiarly to precipitation, but it is clear that periods of exceptional rainfall, as intensity and/or persistence, correspond to diffuse landslides. In the period November 2008 - January 2009, Calabria (Southern Italy) was interested by prolonged precipitation which caused widespread landslides that affected infrastructures, main and secondary, and urban centres. In the present work, the characteristics of precipitation are presented by the analysis of rainfall data recorded by the regional network managed by the Centro Funzionale Meteoidrologico (ARPACAL) of Calabria Region. Firstly the identification and characterization of individual rainfall events are presented. For each of the 115 stations considered, every single rain event was individuated and characterized, where "single event" means the sequence of rainy days preceded and followed by null data of rainfall. An event can be composed of a single day or even more consecutive days with rain heights unlike null values. In particular, for each event the distributions of accumulated rainfall event and of the daily maximum data have been obtained.
Some historical rainfall events were selected and characterized in a similar way; these events (October 1951, December 1951, October 1953, November 1959, December 1972 - March 1973, September 2000) in Calabria have produced important hydrogeological disasters, with many losses and deaths. The comparison is done on a statistical basis, with the estimate of return period values of recent events, and by comparison of cumulative rainfall and the average daily rainfall. The comparison indicates that the scenarios of precipitation in 2008-2009 were heavier, in terms of cumulative rainfall, than the historical events taken as reference. Referring to the average daily rainfall, the historical events were instead heavier. The analysis of the landslide events and of characteristics of precipitation at a regional scale, in terms of cumulative rainfall and average daily rainfall, allow to propose triggering scenarios of superficial landslide events. This is an interesting result also for the activities of forecasting and prevention in the Civil Protection System.
MARTIRANO G, COSCARELLI R, MENDICINO G, 2009, Metodologia per la stima di indicatori di rischio ambientale, mediante tecniche di telerilevamento satellitare,
2009,
lorenzo Borselli, 2009, DECONVOLUTION OF MIXTURES OF LOGNORMAL COMPONENTS INSIDE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS,
2009,
Abstract
Experimentally derived particle size distribution often shown multimodal shape and this characteristic is usually interpreted ...
Experimentally derived particle size distribution often shown multimodal shape and this characteristic is usually interpreted as a mixture of two or more populations. The origin of these mixture has been commonly interpreted as due to the complex processes linked to the origin of the sediment ad clasts , to the transport and final deposition, or in other terms, the geological cycle of sediment transport and evolution, the weathering and pedogenenetic process may affect the final distribution of particles present in the sampled deposit.
The basic idea that the all the processes responsible of the deposit leave some trace of them in the special characteristics of the mixture and their populations. We assume that the mixture maintain encoded in its global distribution informations
Aim of DECOLOG software is develop a solution to decode the information present in the natural mixture of particles/sediments using, as paradigm, the log-normal distribution and particularly a defined mixture of these distributions.
Decolog performs this operation using innovative techniques of optimization and in automatic way without needs of special efforts from user as the initial guessing of Peaks of the observed distribution .....
The easiness of use is one of the most innovative and appreciated characteristics of current version of DECOLOG
GULLA' G., ACETO L., 2009, Caratterizzazione geotecnica dei geomateriali presenti nell’abitato di Lungro e nelle sue vicinanze,
2009,
Guzzetti F.; Esposito E.; Balducci V.; Porfido S.; Cardinali M.; Violante C.; Fiorucci F.; Sacchi M.; Ardizzone F.; Mondini A.; Reichenbach P.; Rossi M.;, 2009, Central Italy seismic sequences-induced landsliding_ 1997-1998 Umbria-Marche and 2008-2009 L’Aquila cases.,
The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-induced Landslides_ An International Conference in Commemoration of 10th Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake, pp. 52–61, Taiwan, 2009,
Abstract
In Italy, the Central Apennines are characterized by significant seismic
activity. In this region, individual earthquakes ...
In Italy, the Central Apennines are characterized by significant seismic
activity. In this region, individual earthquakes and prolonged seismic sequences produce
considerable ground effects, including landslides. In this work, we attempt a comparison of
the distribution, types and abundance of slope failures produced by two recent seismic
sequences in central Italy_ (i) the September 1997 - April 1998, Umbria-Marche sequence,
and (ii) the December 2008 - July 2009 (ongoing), L'Aquila sequence. Preliminary results
indicate that significant similarities exist between the mass movements produced by the
two earthquake sequences. Both sequences produced chiefly rock falls, topples and minor
rock slides. The distribution of the slope failures matches the macroseismic intensity fields.
For the L'Aquila earthquake, slope failures are most numerous in the area where surface
deformation was largest. For both earthquake sequences, the number of slope failures
decreases with increasing distance from the earthquake epicenters. The decay in the
number of failures with the distance from the epicenters is approximate by an exponential
law.
BORRELLI L., CIURLEO M.A., GULLA' G. MAIORANO S.C., 2009, Dissesti idrogeologici nel settore della Stretta di Catanzaro (novembre-dicembre 2008 e gennaio 2009).,
2009,
Gullà G.; Antronico L.; Borrelli L.; Caloiero T.; Coscarelli R.; Iovine G.; Nicoletti P.G.; Pasqua A.A.; Petrucci O. Terranova O., 2009, Indicazioni conoscitive e metodologiche connesse all’evento di dissesto idrogeologico dellautunno-inverno 2008-2009 in Calabria.,
Geologi Calabria 10 (2009): 4–21.,
Abstract
Per evento di dissesto idrogeologico (EDId) si intende, in questa nota, quello determinato dall'innesco e ...
Per evento di dissesto idrogeologico (EDId) si intende, in questa nota, quello determinato dall'innesco e dall'evoluzione, in un definito intervallo di tempo, di un numero significativo di fenomeni di dissesto idrogeologico. L'EDId che nell'autunno-inverno 2008-2009 ha interessato la Calabria ha prodotto effetti rilevanti su insediamenti abitativi e reti infrastrutturali. Nella nota sono presentate le indicazioni conoscitive e metodologiche desunte dalle prime attività speditive svolte in corso di evento, da novembre 2008 a gennaio 2009. Dopo una sintetica disamina dei fattori predisponenti e degli scenari di innesco pluviometrico degli EDId, sono illustrati i risultati dei rilievi condotti in alcuni settori del territorio regionale, la cui scelta è stata anche orientata dall'analisi delle segnalazioni di fenomeni e/o danni riportate in una testata giornalistica
a diffusione regionale. Lo scenario pluviometrico d'innesco dell'EDId studiato è risultato meno gravoso rispetto a quello che nel 1951-1952 produsse un EDId notoriamente catastrofico, mentre, in vaste aree della regione, si è manifestato con apporti di pioggia più elevati rispetto ad altri EDId del passato. I fenomeni franosi superficiali hanno svolto il ruolo principale nella generazione dell'EDId essendo quelli più frequentemente osservati. Le attività svolte in corso di evento hanno consentito di verificare le connessioni tra risultati scientifici ed applicativi, evidenziandone gli sfasamenti temporali necessari, ed hanno fornito utili indicazioni conoscitive e metodologiche, dando conferma delle potenzialità scientifiche degli studi e di supporto alle decisioni.
Cardinali M., Guzzetti F., Antronico L., Iovine G., Borselli L., Ardizzone F., Rossi M., Fiorucci F., Mondini A., Balducci V., Reichenbach P., 2009, Stima delle condizioni di idoneità geo-idrologica in aree destinate a nuovi insediamenti abitativi nel comune di L’Aquila.,
2009,
Iovine G., 2009, Scheda Codice 04 (Sant’Agata d’Esaro),
2009,
Iovine G., 2009, Scheda Codice 17 (Altilia),
2009,
Gullà G., Antronico L., Borrelli L., Coscarelli R., Iaquinta P., Iovine G., Nicoletti P.G., NOtaro U., Pasqua A.A., Petrucci O., Terranova O., Barilaro F., Caloiero T., Ciureo M., Cofone G., Maiorano S.C., 2009, Panoramica sui dissesti idrogeologici in Calabria da novembre 2008 a gennaio 2009.,
2009,
Iovine G., Iaquinta P., Terranova O., 2009, Dissesti idrogeologici nel basso crotonese.,
pp.65–92, 2009,
GULLA' G. (Responsabile scientifico), L. ANTRONICO, M. BRUNETTI, R. COSCARELLI, S. CRITELLI, F. DRAMIS, G. IOVINE, M. MATTEI, P. MOLIN, F. MUTO, T. NANNI, O. PETRUCCI, G. ROBUSTELLI, M. SORRISO-VALVO, O. TERRANOVA, P. VERSACE, 2009, RELAZIONE-Stato davanzamento al 14 dicembre 2009 . Lotto 1 Sviluppo ed applicazione di metodi per la valutazione della pericolosità dei fenomeni di dissesto dei versanti, POR Calabria 2000-2006, Asse 1 Risorse naturali, Misura 1.4 – Sistemi insediativ,
2009,
Iovine G. & Sheridan M.F., 2009, Modelling and Simulation of Dangerous Phenomena for Hazard Mapping,
new york_ pergamon press, 2009,
Iovine G. & M.F. Sheridan M.F., 2009, Modelling and simulation of dangerous phenomena, and innovative techniques for hazard mapping and mitigation.,
Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2009,
VIGIAK O., NEWHAM LTH, WHITFORD J., MELLAND A., BORSELLI L., 2009, Comparison of landscape approaches to define spatial patterns of hillslope-scale sediment delivery ratio,
2009,
BARTOLINI D. BORSELLI L, 2009, Evaluation of the Hydrologic Soil Group (HSG) with the Procedure SCS Curve Number,
. New York_ Springer, 2009,
PETRUCCI O., VERSACE P., PASQUA A.A., 2009, Frane e alluvioni in provincia di Cosenza fra il 1951 ed il 1960_ ricerche storiche nella documentazione del Genio Civile,
Soveria Mannelli_ Rubbettino, 2009,
S. Gabriele, F. Chiaravalloti, 2009, Meteorological based analysis of Italian hydrological extreme-events: 1958-2008,
11th Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms, Barcellona, 2009,
G. Iovine, G. Buttafuoco, A. Tallarico, S. Ierìa & G. Falcone., 2009, Geological causal factors of soil gas radon concentration in Calabria (Southern Italy),
Geophysical research abstracts 10 (2009).,
G. Iovine & P. Mangraviti., 2009, The model FLOW-S* for flow-type landslides. Preliminary considerations on model performances,
AOGS 5th Annual Meeting, Session IWG01, Busan, Korea, 16-20 giugno 2008,
Giulio Iovine, 2009, Problematiche nell’individuazione delle aree soggette ad invasione da colate detritiche mediante simulazione,
Le colate detritiche in alveo. Inquadramento dei fenomeni nella regione Calabria e innovativi sistemi di contenimento, Hotel Caposuvero, Gizzeria Lido, 25 novembre 2008,
Capparelli G. (1), Iaquinta P. (2), Iovine G. (2), Terranova O. (2), Versace P. (2), 2009, Mobilization of a large debris slide in Northern Calabria_ geomorphological and hydrological aspects,
Epitome (Udine) 3 (2009): 61–61. doi_10.1474/Epitome.03.0225.Geoitalia2009,
DOI: 10.1474%2FEpitome.03.0225.Geoitalia2009
G. Iovine, P. Mangraviti, L. Merenda, 2009, FLOW-S*: a physically-based CA-model for flow-type landslides,
Geophysical research abstracts 11 (2009).,
Iovine G., P. Mangraviti, 2009, The CA-model FLOW-S* for flow-type landslides_ an introductory account,
18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand and International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, 13-17 July 2009,
Capparelli G. (1), Iaquinta P. (2), Iovine G. (2), Terranova O. (2), Versace P. (1), 2009, Modelling the activation of a confined debris slide in Northern Calabria_ the 28 January 2009 slope movement at San Benedetto Ullano,
11th Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms, Topic 12, Session PLC12, pp. 72–72, Barcellona, 07-11 settembre 2009,
PETRUCCI O., GULLA' G., 2009, A Landslide Event Support Analysis Framework (LESAF) for damage assessment_ some examples from Calabria (Southern Italy,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4523.,
DIODATO N., PETRUCCI O., CECCARELLI M., 2009, Rainstorm hazard problemsolving spatialtime scale invariant process model designing,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4107.,
PETRUCCI O.; PASQUA A.A., 2009, Comparative analysis of rainfall and landslide damage for landslide susceptibility zonation,
EGU meeting, pp. 4090–4090, Vienna, 19-24 April 2009,
PETRUCCI O., POLEMIO M., 2009, Return period of landslides and triggering rainfall_ the experience of a southern Italian region,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4128.,
PETRUCCI O., POLEMIO M., 2009, Landslide recurrence in Calabria (southern Italy): event series in the perspective of climate change,
Geophysical research abstracts (Online) 11 (2009): 4413.,
Gabriele S., D'Aquila G. and Chiaravalloti F., 2009, A distributed real-time monitoring system for landslide hazard and risk assessement,
NATO Advanced Research Workshop,, pp. 387–394, trento, 2009,
Abstract
The Italian territory, as shown by the recent landslide inventory
carried out after 267/98 National law, ...
The Italian territory, as shown by the recent landslide inventory
carried out after 267/98 National law, is affected by diffuse and high
hydrogeological risks all over the mountainous areas. In most situations, in
presence of high and extensive hydrogeological hazard, traditional "structural"
engineering actions can't be done due their expensive costs. In such conditions
the only viable way to reduce hazard may be pursued by real time territory
monitoring. AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of
Hydrogeological Risk) is a distributed real-time monitoring system created
to control landslide activities in the city of San Martino di Finita, in Calabria
(South of Italy). It can also be easily used for monitoring a wide range of
natural phenomena. AMAMiR is capable of collecting data from heterogeneous
sensors as GPS, inclinometers, ground raingauges, piezometers,
extensometers, etc. All the data are collected and processed in real time and
immediately made available on the web through a special user-friendly portal
that permits also navigation through geocoded maps. AMAMiR system
represents a very cost-effective powerful tool that can be used to support
decision making for public administrations and risk management for civil
protection purposes.
Iovine G.; Mangraviti P., 2009, The CA-model FLOW-S* for flow-type landslides_ an introductory account,
18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand and International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, July 2009, pp. 2679–2685, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, JUL 13-17, 2009,
Abstract
Several studies have recently been carried out, aiming at characterising flow-type landslides and suggesting approaches ...
Several studies have recently been carried out, aiming at characterising flow-type landslides and suggesting approaches for planning either active or passive countermeasures. The physics of flow-type landslides includes various complexities of multiphase materials characterised by heterogeneities in time and space. In cases of rapid or extremely rapid phenomena, the prediction of flow movement, and of the likely inundated areas, is usually a severe task, and is therefore important to develop reliable strategies for hazard assessment. Modelling and simulation techniques can be a precious tool for risk assessment and mitigation. Different conceptual approaches, ranging from laboratory experiments to numerical schemes, have recently been proposed. Among them, some are specifically aimed at evaluating the susceptibility or the hazard posed by debris flows. A family of models for simulating flow-type landslides has recently been developed within the frame of a cooperation project between CNR-IRPI and University of Calabria. Such models belong to the class of Cellular Automata (CA) for Macroscopic Fluids. The early releases of the family were quite empirical and simplified, and ignored most of the physical characteristics of the type of landslides under consideration. In the recent releases, the models resulted to be quite robust, did not show problems of numerical instability, allowing to fully incorporate even very-dense DEMs. FLOW-S* is the most recent version of the mentioned CA-family, by far the most physically-constrained. It has been developed by referring to the well-known "equivalent-fluid" and "geotechnical" modelling approaches, by properly transposing their fundamentals into the discrete space-time framework of the macroscopic CA method. In the model, the material moves from a given cell to one of the neighbourhood driven by the gravitational acceleration along the local slope, and affected by dissipative and pressure terms. Momentum conservation is guaranteed, as well as a proper management of collisions; mass conservation depends on processes of entrainment, which may occur along the flow path. Energy conservation depends on selected dissipative processes. Finally, model parameters reflect the CA approach, but are also related to the characteristics of the material involved, and to the type and rheology of the phenomenon. Model performances have been tested against several ideal cases, and by also considering real events recently occurred in Southern Italy. Further tests are being performed by considering data from flume experiments, by employing different types of water-debris mixtures. First results of sensitivity analyses and calibration/validation experiments are encouraging and underline the potential of the model for susceptibility mapping and for hazard mitigation purposes. An introductory account on the employed approach is presented in this paper, with examples of analyses performed by
considering an ideal case (a roughly bi-planar surface), and a real event (the Vallone Favagreca debris flow) triggered on 12 May 2001 near Scilla, in Calabria - Southern Italy.
Iovine G. (1), Iaquinta P. (1), Terranova O. (1), 2009, Emergency management of landslide risk during Autumn-Winter 2008,
18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand and International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, pp. 2686–2693, Cairns, Australia, 13-17 July 2009,
Abstract
The rains fallen in the last Autumn-Winter seasons, abundant and prolonged over wide sectors
of Southern ...
The rains fallen in the last Autumn-Winter seasons, abundant and prolonged over wide sectors
of Southern Italy, confirmed the overall fragility of the territory by triggering a great number of slope
movements and erosive processes, floods along numerous streams, inundation of cultivated fields and of
urbanised sectors, and coastal instabilities induced by sea-storms.
In Calabria, located at the southernmost tip of the boot, the recent geo-hydrological crisis was so severe that
the Italian Government had to declare the "state of emergency" on 30 January 2009. The inheritance of the
Autumn-Winter 2008/2009 extends over large portions of the territory. Among the examined cases, those
characterized by conditions of "imminent danger" to public safety resulted mainly located in the NW sector
of the region, along the Eastern slope of the Coastal Chain, and subordinately along its Western slope facing
the Tyrrhenian Sea. Other villages were also threatened by slope instabilities along the Southern Tyrrhenian
and on the Jonian coasts.
In the present study, the progressive mobilization of a rainfall-induced slope movement threatening the
Southern suburbs of San Benedetto Ullano (Cosenza), activated on 28 January (and still active in early
April), is briefly described. The results of a detailed geomorphologic field survey, repeated in time to
properly recognising the evolution of the phenomenon, combined with the cross-analysis of rainfall data and
superficial displacements at a number of datum points, allowed to support the Major of the village for better
managing the state of geo-hydrological emergency.
The assessment of the scenarios related to the presumable development of the phenomenon is in progress.
The simplified control system, promptly implemented during the first phases of analysis, will be refined in
the next months, based on geological and kinematic data which will be progressively gathered via explorative
drillings and thanks to the installation of essential instrumentations. Accordingly, even the set of provisional
emergency procedures devised from the very beginning of the study will be detailed and may be arranged
into a refined Decision Support System; advices for slope remediation will also be given to the local
administration.
FEDELE G., CHIARAVALLOTI F., CEDRIC J., 2009, An Algebraic derivative-based approach for the zero-crossings estimation.,
Accepted for pubblication in proceeding of 17th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 09), GLASCOW-SCOTLAND, 2009,
S. GABRIELE, F. CHIARAVALLOTI, G. D'AQUILA, C. TANSI., 2009, Distributed real-time monitoring system to natural hazard evaluation and management_ the AMAMIR system.,
Accepted for pubblication in proceeding of 18th World IMACS Congress and MODSIM09 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation will be held in Cairns., pp. 2672–2678, AUSTRALIA, 2009,
Abstract
AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of Hydrogeological Risk) is a real-time monitoring
system able to ...
AMAMiR (Advanced Monitoring Action for Mitigation of Hydrogeological Risk) is a real-time monitoring
system able to control several heterogeneous remote sensors addressed to a DSS (Decision Support System)
and it is useful to support research activities. The different sensors are assembled through "smart nodes",
geographically distributed, able to manage the local acquisition, the temporary storage and the transmission
of recorded data. Acquired with periodicity of 1 minute, data are stored and trasmitted to Computer Centre if
there are significatice changes controlled by prefixed thresholds. A middle-tie software system automatically
interacts with both "smart nodes" and the central DBMS. The transmission of signals is achieved using
different media and standards_ cable, WiFi, GPRS, ADSL. Each "smart node" is independent and acquires
data in a self-contained way from one or more sensors. Furthermore, it is capable to store data locally and to
transmit them to the data-processing centre, as soon as possible. So far, absences of connectivity or
communication network problems do not affect the whole system and do not cause data loss. The managing
software processes automatically the information collected by the "smart nodes" and sends them to the
Processing Centre. Through a special user-friendly WebGis portal it is possible to query in real time the
DBMS and control the sensors distributed all over the territory in a simple and immediate way. On the
website, data access is subjected to login authorization consequently, without permission data have only
demonstrative purposes. Actually the system is addressed to skilled users. A prototype of AMAMiR has been
built in Calabria, Southern Italy, to monitor a wide and deep landslide in San Martino di Finita, a city crossed
by an active fault. Available sensors measure different data type_ atmospheric parameters (pressure,
temperature, humidity, wind, etc.), ground parameters (rainfall, deformations and rotation of buildings, GPS
baselines, water springs characteristics like turbidity, flow, Ph, conductivity, etc.), underground data
(piezometric level, water soil content, etc.). All the data are collected and processed in real time and they are
immediately available on the web. This monitoring system shows good stability and reliability in managing
remote data. Addressed to a DSS, actually the system is under calibration to find a robust geotechnical model
of the landslide (Zheng et al., 2005). Because of short observation time, still now it is not possible to compare
results of the adopted FEM (Finite Element Model) of PLAXIS© software to verify the correctness of the
adopted soil geotechnical characteristics. AMAMiR system is designed to be easily upgraded and planned to
accommodate different typologies of sensors and a large numbers of "smart nodes". In the AMAMIR
acronyim the adjective "Advanced" deals with the capability of the system to support auto-locating data
loggers that allow an immediate and simple setup of new heterogeneous remote sensors. These auto-locating
data loggers, equipped with small and low-cost GPS, are automatically recognized by AMAMiR structure
and, as soon as they are powered on, start the procedure for automatic localization, transmission, reading and
updating of the central database. Then, the flexibility of the whole system simplifies the increase of remote
sensors and an immediate start up when auto-locating data loggers are used. In general, all data collected by
sensors distributed all over the territory reach the Data Processing Centre through the "smart nodes", where
they are analyzed and processed for an immediate dissemination through the WebGis Portal. AMAMiR could
be implemented to monitor, in real time, a wide range of natural phenomena, like landslides, floods,
earthquakes, etc. It is a powerful tool, very cost-effective, which may be installed everywhere and used to
support the decision making process of local administrators in order to manage the risks and to protect the
population.
Iovine G., Gariano S.L. & Terranova O., 2009, Alcune riflessioni sull’esposizione al rischio da frane superficiali alla luce dei recenti eventi in Italia meridionale.,
Geologi Calabria 10 (2009): 4–31.,
Terranova O. ; Antronico L. ; Coscarelli R. ; Iaquinta P., 2009, Soil erosion risk scenarios in the Mediterranean environment using RUSLE and GIS_ An application model for Calabria (southern Italy),
Geomorphology (Amst.) 112 (2009): 228–245. doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.06.009,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2009.06.009
Abstract
Soil erosion by water (WSE) has become a relevant issue at the Mediterranean level. In ...
Soil erosion by water (WSE) has become a relevant issue at the Mediterranean level. In particular, natural
conditions and human impact have made the Calabria (southern Italy) particularly prone to intense WSE. The
purpose of this investigation is to identify areas highly affected by WSE in Calabria by comparing the
scenarios obtained by assuming control and preventive measures and actions, as well as actual conditions
generated by forest fires, also in the presence of conditions of maximum rainfall erosion.
Geographic Information System techniques have been adopted to treat data of reasonable spatial resolution
obtained at a regional scale for application to the RUSLE model. This work is based on the comparison of such
data with a basic scenario that has been defined by the present situation (present scenario). In this scenario_
(i) R has been assessed by means of an experimental relation adjusted to Calabria on the basis of 5-min
observations; (ii) K has been drawn from the soil map of Calabria including 160 soilscapes; (iii) LS has been
estimated according to the RUSLE2 model by using (among other subfactors) a 40-m square cell DTM; (iv) C
has been derived by processing the data inferred from the project Corine Land Cover, whose legend includes
35 different land uses on three levels; and (v) P has been hypothesized as equal to 1.
For the remaining three hypothesized scenarios, the RUSLE factors have been adjusted according to
experimental data and to data in the literature. In particular, forest areas subject to fire have been randomly
generated as far as fire location, extension, structure, and intensity are concerned.
The values obtained by the application of the RUSLE model have emphasized that land management by
means of measures and actions for reducing WSE causes a notable reduction of the erosive rate decreasing
from ~30 to 12.3 Mg ha-1 y-1. On the other hand, variations induced by hypothetical wildfires in forests on
10% of the regional territory bring WSE over the whole region to values varying from 30 to 116Mg ha-1 y-1.
This study can be offered to territorial planning authorities as an evaluation instrument as it highlights the
merits and limitations of some territorial management actions. In fact, in Calabria no observations exist
concerning the implications of these actions.
Petrucci O.; Polemio M.; Pasqua A., 2009, Analysis of damaging hydrogeological events_ the case of Calabria region (southern Italy),
Environmental management (N. Y.) 43 (2009): 483–495. doi_10.1007/s00267-008-9234-z,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs00267-008-9234-z
Abstract
A period of bad weather conditions due to prolonged intense rainfall and strong winds can ...
A period of bad weather conditions due to prolonged intense rainfall and strong winds can trigger landslides, floods, secondary floods (accumulation of rain on surfaces with low permeability), and sea storms, causing damage to humans and infrastructure. As a whole, these periods of bad weather and triggered phenomena can be defined as damaging hydrogeological events (DHEs). We define a methodological approach based on seven simple indexes to analyze such events. The indexes describe the return period (T) and trend of rainfall, the extent of hit areas, and the level of damages; they can be considered attributes of georeferenced features and analyzed with GIS techniques. We tested our method in an Italian region frequently hit by DHEs. In a period of 10 years, 747 damaging phenomena (landslides, 43%; floods, 38%) and 94 DHEs have been classified. The road network and housing areas are the most frequently damaged elements, threatened by all types of damaging phenomena. T classes are almost in accordance with the level of damage. These results can be used to outline warning levels for civil protection purposes, to forecast the areas most likely to be hit and the potential ensuing damage, to disseminate information concerning vulnerable areas, and to increase peoples awareness of risk.
Iovine G. (1) & M.F. Sheridan (2), 2009, Special issue 2006 in Computers and Geosciences on “Modelling and simulation of dangerous phenomena, and innovative techniques for hazard mapping and mitigation”,
Computers & geosciences 35 (2009): 869–870. doi_10.1016/S0098-3004(09)00094-6,
DOI: 10.1016%2FS0098-3004(09)00094-6
Iovine G. (1) & M.F. Sheridan (2), 2009, Special Issue 2007 in Natural Hazards on “Modelling and simulation of dangerous phenomena, and innovative techniques for hazard mapping and mitigation” (Preface),
Natural hazards (Dordr.) 50 (2009): 409–411. doi_10.1007/s11069-009-9420-1,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs11069-009-9420-1
CAPRA, L., BORSELLI, L., VARLEY, N., GAVILANES-RUIZ, J.C, NORINI, G., SAROCCHI, D., CABALLERO, L., CORTES, A, 2009, Rainfall- triggered lahars at Volcán de Fuego Colima Volcano (Colima, Mexico): frequency and surface hydro-repellency as initiation processes,
Journal of volcanology and geothermal research (2009).,
PETRUCCI O.; POLEMIO M., 2009, The role of meteorological and climatic conditions in the occurrence of damaging hydro-geologic events in Southern Italy.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 9 (2009): 105–118. doi_10.5194/nhess-9-105-2009,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-9-105-2009
Abstract
Damaging Hydro-geologic Events (DHEs), defined as landslides and floods caused by heavy or prolonged rainfall, ...
Damaging Hydro-geologic Events (DHEs), defined as landslides and floods caused by heavy or prolonged rainfall, represent an important source of economic damages. We propose an approach to classify DHEs, considering 1) meteorological antecedent conditions, 2) the season during which the event occurs, 3) the return period of maximum daily rainfall triggering the event, 4) geographic sectors hit, 5) types of triggered damaging phenomena; and 6) induced damage.
We applied this approach to a case study of time series of DHEs that occurred over 85 years in Calabria (southern Italy). We analysed 13 DHEs that, between 1921 and 2005, triggered landslides, floods and secondary floods, causing severe damage and tens of causalities all over the Calabria region. During the analysed events, 64% of Calabria's municipalities suffered many types of damage. The most relevant rain phenomena and the largest damages were caused by the persistent effects of perturbations on Calabria, which were preceded by the appearance of low-pressure fields in two different areas located westwards.
We sorted the events into three types based on geographic damage distribution and types of triggered phenomena and induced damage. The first two types are characterised by similar severity levels, while the third shows the highest severity, in terms of both damage and victims. Independent of the type of event, the S-SE and E sectors of the region are the most frequently affected by DHEs. As regards human life, floods are the most dangerous type of phenomenon, causing the highest number of fatalities.
Our analysis indicates a decreasing frequency of DHEs during the study period, and an absence of the most severe type for more than 50 years. The number of victims is also decreasing over time.
PETRUCCI O., GULLA' G., 2009, A support Analysis Framwork for mass movement damage assessment_ applications to case studies in Calabria (Italy),
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 9 (2009): 315–326.,
Abstract
The analysis of data describing damage caused by mass movements in Calabria (Italy) allowed the ...
The analysis of data describing damage caused by mass movements in Calabria (Italy) allowed the organisation of the Support Analysis Framework (SAF), a spreadsheet that converts damage descriptions into numerical indices expressing direct, indirect, and intangible damage.
The SAF assesses damage indices of past mass movements and the potential outcomes of dormant phenomena re-activations. It is based on the effects on damaged elements and is independent of both physical and geometric phenomenon characteristics.
SAF sections that assess direct damage encompass several lines, each describing an element characterised by a value fixed on a relative arbitrary scale. The levels of loss are classified as_ L4_ complete; L3_ high; L2_ medium; or L1_ low. For a generic line l, the SAF multiplies the value of a damaged element by its level of loss, obtaining dl, the contribution of the line to the damage.
Indirect damage is appraised by two sections accounting for_ a) actions aiming to overcome emergency situations and b) actions aiming to restore pre-movement conditions. The level of loss depends on the number of people involved (a) or the cost of actions (b).
For intangible damage, the level of loss depends on the number of people involved.
We examined three phenomena, assessing damage using the SAF and SAFL, customised versions of SAF based on the elements actually present in the analysed municipalities that consider the values of elements in the community framework. We show that in less populated, inland, and affluent municipalities, the impact of mass movements is greater than in coastal areas.
The SAF can be useful to sort groups of phenomena according to their probable future damage, supplying results significant either for insurance companies or for local authorities involved in both disaster management and planning of defensive measures.
CHIARAVALLOTI F. and GABRIELE S., 2009, The Vibo Valentia flood and MSG rainfall evaluation,
Atmospheric research (Print) 93 (2009): 286–294. doi_10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.10.027,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.atmosres.2008.10.027
Abstract
In the Mediterranean area, flash-floods in small catchments are mainly due to deep convective
rainfalls which ...
In the Mediterranean area, flash-floods in small catchments are mainly due to deep convective
rainfalls which show both large spatial and temporal variability. For this reason the
reconstruction of the ground rainfall field is difficult and the use of rain gauges can prove
poor to depict convective events from a hydrological point of view. The geostationary satellite
MSG is a very important tool for monitoring the dynamic evolution of cloud structures above
the European area. In the infrared window many algorithms have been proposed to relate the
brightness temperature of the top of the convective cloud with rainfall. To explore more
possible applications of Meteosat image analysis, in evaluating areal rainfall in small basins, a
very deep convective event was analysed, which hit Vibo Valentia on 3 July 2006. Starting from
this deep convective event, the paper explores new possible relations between some
characteristics of infrared isotherm images and rainfall.
O. PETRUCCI; A.A. PASQUA, 2009, A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO CHARACTERISE LANDSLIDE PERIODS BASED ON HISTORICAL SERIES OF RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDE DAMAGE,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 9 (2009): 1655–1670. doi_10.5194/nhess-9-1655-2009,
DOI: 10.5194/nhess-9-1655-2009
Abstract
Landslide Periods (LPs) are defined as periods, shorter than a hydrological year, during which one ...
Landslide Periods (LPs) are defined as periods, shorter than a hydrological year, during which one or more landslide damage events occur in one or more sectors of a study area. In this work, we present a methodological approach, based on the comparative analysis of historical series
of landslide damage and daily rainfall data, aiming to characterise the main types of LPs affecting selected areas. Cumulative rainfall preceding landslide activation is assessed for short (1, 2, 3, and 5 days), medium (7, 10, and 30 days) and long (60, 90, and 180 days) durations, and their Return Periods (RPs) are assessed and ranked into three classes (Class 1_ RP=5-10 years; Class 2_ RP=11-15; Class 3_ RP>15 years). To assess landslide damage, the Simplified Damage Index (SDI) is introduced. This represents classified landslide losses and is obtained by multiplying the value of the damaged element and the percentage of damage affecting it. The comparison of the RP of rainfall and the SDI
allows us to indentify the different types of LPs that affected the study area in the past and that could affect it again in the future.
The results of this activity can be used for practical purposes to define scenarios and strategies for risk management, to suggest priorities in policy towards disaster mitigation and preparedness and to predispose defensive measures and civil protection plans ranked according to the types of LPs that must be managed. We present an application, performed for a 39-year series of rainfall/landslide damage data and concerning a study area located in NE Calabria (Italy); in this case study, we identify four main types of LPs, which are ranked according to damage
severity.
BORSELLI L., CASSI P., SALVADOR SANCHIS P., 2009, Soil Erodibility Assessment for Applications at Watershed Scale.,
Manual of methods for soil and land evaluation, pp. 98–117. New York_ Springer, 2009,
Abstract
The term "soil erodibility" indicates the aptitude of a soil, based on its properties, to ...
The term "soil erodibility" indicates the aptitude of a soil, based on its properties, to be eroded
by the following processes and exogenous agents_ rainfall, runoff, mass movements and wind.
The concept of erodibility gained in importance during the last 50 years in the field of
soil erosion modelling and applications of soil conservation. However, erodibility is a concept
borrowed from geomorphological literature that was developed and adopted up to the
beginning of the 20th century.
In this context, the concept of erodibility was often used to give a qualitative assessment
of the effectiveness of various forms of erosion caused by exogenous agents such as water, ice
and wind (Davis, 1909). It was used mainly by geologists and geographers for a long time and
related to the processes most effective in the characterization of landform dynamics (Taylor
and Eggleton, 2001; Turkington et al., 2005). It is easy to associate varying rates of erodibility
to compactness of igneous and metamorphic rock masses compared to marls and clay shale,
deeply eroded by gullies. Indeed, the effectiveness of different processes and geomorphic
agents is directly linked to the characteristics of the bedrock in its state of weathering.
PETRUCCI O., 2008, The use of historical information in landslide and flood hazard evaluation, with examples from Calabria,
First meeting of Natural hazard assessment and monitoring for urban territories. Accordo di Cooperazione CNR-Russian Academy of Science, MOSCA, 11 SETTEMBRE 2008,
Petrucci O., 2008, Studio preliminare finalizzato all’acquisizione dei dati geologici, geomorfologici, idrologici e idraulici necessari allo sviluppo dei modelli_ inquadramento generale della regione Molise (Area di allertamento MOLI-A),
2008,
