Polemio M., 2007, Geo-databases for the assessment of groundwater degradation risks of a coastal plain (southern Italy),
European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2007, Vienna, Austria, 2007,
Magri O., Mantovani M., Pasuto A., Soldati M., 2007, Monitoring the state of activity of lateral spread phenomena along the north-west coast of Malta using the GPS technique.,
Analele Universitatii din Oradea, pp. 5–10, 2007,
Abstract
In this paper we present the research which is being undertaken to monitor lateral spreading ...
In this paper we present the research which is being undertaken to monitor lateral spreading phenomena along the north-west coast of Malta using the GPS technique
Armento M., Genevois R., Tecca P.R., 2007, Comparison of numerical models of two debris flows in the Cortina dAmpezzo area, Dolomites, Italy,
Landslides (Berl., Print) 5 (2007): 143–150. doi_10.1007/s10346-007-0111-2,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs10346-007-0111-2
Abstract
The accurate prediction of runout distances, velocities and the knowledge of flow rheology can reduce ...
The accurate prediction of runout distances, velocities and the knowledge of flow rheology can reduce the casualties and property damage produced by debris flows, providing a means to delineate hazard areas, to estimate hazard intensities for input into risk studies and to provide parameters for the design of protective measures. The application of most of models that describe the propagation and deposition of debris flow requires detailed topography, rheological and hydrological data that are not always available for the debris-flow hazard delineation and estimation. In the Cortina d'Ampezzo area, Eastern Dolomites, Italy, most of the slope instabilities are represented by debris flows; 325 debris-flow prone watersheds have been mapped in the geomorphological hazard map of this area. We compared the results of simulations of two well-documented debris flows in the Cortina d'Ampezzo area, carried on with two different single-phase, non-Newtonian models, the one-dimensional DAN-W and the two-dimensional FLO-2D, to test the possibility to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a debris flow with a model using a limited range of input parameters. FLO-2D model creates a more accurate representation of the hazard area in terms of flooded area, but the results in terms of runout distances and deposits thickness are similar to DAN-W results. Using DAN-W, the most appropriate rheology to describe the debris-flow behaviour is the Voellmy model. When detailed topographical, rheological and hydrological data are not available, DAN-W, which requires less detailed data, is a valuable tool to predict debris-flow hazard. Parameters obtained through back-analysis with both models can be applied to predict hazard in other areas characterized by similar geology, morphology and climate.
M. Polemio, P.P. Limoni, 2007, Surveying and flow velocity measurements in a karstic and coastal aquifer (Bari, southern Italy),
XXXVI IAH Congress, Int. Ass. of Hydrogeologists, Lisbona, Portogallo, September 2007,
E.M. Bocanegra; M. Polemio; H.E. Massone; V. Dragone; P.P. Limoni; M. Farenga, 2007, Indicators and quality classification applied to groundwater management in coastal aquifers_ Mar del Plata (Argentina) and Apulia (Italy) case studies,
A new focus on groundwater-seawater interactions, edited by Sanford, W. Langevin, C. Polemio, M. Povinec, P., pp. 201–211. Wallingford_ IAHS Press, 2007,
Abstract
The use of indicators is considered for environmental and ecological monitoring and in the general ...
The use of indicators is considered for environmental and ecological monitoring and in the general assessment of environmental sustainability at a local, national and international scale. They are used to briefly describe the interests and preoccupations of society with regard to environmental evolution, and to coherently aid in decision-making processes. Groundwater is affected by two types of degradation risks_ quality and quantity degradation. In order to define the coastal environmental processes related to groundwater
resources, some indicators addressed to decision makers and quality classification are proposed and discussed in relation to two different types of coastal aquifers located in different countries_ the porous aquifer of Mar del Plata (Argentina) and the Salentine karstic aquifer (Italy). Beyond the strong hydrogeological differences between both areas, the analysis of indicators allows the identification of interesting similarities. The results show this approach could help in reaching a consensus to propose a methodology to deal
with environmental quality assessment of water and establish groundwater exploitation criteria.
Wieczorek, G.F., Snyder, J.B., Borchers, J.W., and Reichenbach, P., 2007, Staircase Falls Rockfall on December 26, 2003, and Geologic Hazards at Curry Village, Yosemite National Park, California.,
(2007).,
Mortara G., 2007, Report of the Glaciological Survey 2006. Piemonte-Val dAosta sector.,
30 (2007): 258–259.,
Parise M., 2007, La spedizione speleologica italo-cubana Marmo Platano 2007.,
IV(II (2007): 197–198.,
Marcolongo B., GUNCHINSUREN B., 2007, The joint Italian-Mongol Geoarchaeological Project in the Valley of Lakes, Gobi Altayn Region (Bayankhongor aimag, Bogd soumon).,
37 (2007).,
Ungaro, F., Calzolari, C., 2007, Contenuto in sostanza organica nei suoli della pianura emiliano-romagnola: quantificazione dellincertezza spaziale attraverso lutilizzo di simulazioni condizionali sequenziali.,
(2007): 63–70.,
Brocca L., Melone F., Moramarco T., 2007, Storm runoff estimation based on the soil conservation service curve number method with soil moisture data assimilation.,
81 (2007): 141–148.,
Maraga F., 2007, Charge de fond dans un petit cours deau équipé des Alpes Piémontaises (Italie),
187 (2007): 165–168.,
TURITTO O. & CIRIO C.G., 2007, Mobilità planimetrica di un alveo fluviale e condizionamento imposto dalluomo: il caso del Fiume Tanaro in territorio astigiano,
2 (2007): 9–20.,
TROPEANO D. & TURCONI L., 2007, Scenari di rischio alluvionale nei territori comunali. Un metodo di classificazione a scala provinciale,
32 (2007): 24–30.,
TROPEANO D., TURCONI L., 2007, Analisi territoriale multidisciplinare applicata al piano di protezione civile delle valli Orco e Soana (Piemonte),
122 (2007): 5–22.,
DEMURTAS F., DEMURTAS L., PENDUGIU B., TURCONI L., 2007, Evento alluvionale del 6 dicembre 2004 in Comune di Villagrande Strisaili (OG., Sardegna),
122 (2007): 23–33.,
TURCONI L., TROPEANO D., TUBERGA S., SAVIO G., 2007, Manifestazioni di instabilità geomorfologica nel gruppo montuoso del Rocciamelone (Val Cenischia, Alpi Graie). Nota preliminare,
121 (2007): 13–32.,
Delle Rose M., Vitale A.,, 2007, An approach on the hydrogeological vulnerability of fluvial-karst systems (Lecce province, southern Italy),
9 (2007).,
Delle Rose M., Medagli P.,, 2007, The Lower Pleistocene succession of Contrada Torsano (Nardò, Lecce province).,
Thalassia salentina (Online) 30 (2007): 57–79.,
Abstract
This paper deals with the stratigraphic and paleontological features of a 4.1 m thick succession ...
This paper deals with the stratigraphic and paleontological features of a 4.1 m thick succession outcropping at Contrada Torsano (Nardò, Lecce province). Shell concentration due to biological processes, particularly rich in the northern guests Arctica islandica, Pseudamussium septemradiatum and Paphia rhomboides are described. Based on Terebratula scillae and Dentalium rectum presences, the succession must be attributed to the lower Pleistocene. The high specimen density could be due to opportunistic life strategies and optimal ecological conditions. Environmental change can be recognized from the infralittoral zone, exposed to the marine abrasion, to circalittoral zone as the result of the increasing of both depth and sea water turbidity.
Bixio R., Parise M., Saj S. & Traverso M., 2007, L’acquedotto sotterraneo di Gravina in Puglia Sant’Angelo - Fontane della Stella.,
Opera Ipogea 1 (2007): 105–112.,
Petroselli A., Grimaldi S., Nardi S., 2007, Un metodo per la rimozione delle depressioni artificiali dal DEM.,
26 (2007): 73–82.,
Parise M., 2007, Bibliografia di base del Progetto La Carta degli Antichi Acquedotti Italiani.,
Opera Ipogea 1 (2007): 17–68.,
Parise M., 2007, Il Progetto La Carta degli Antichi Acquedotti Italiani.,
Opera Ipogea 1 (2007): 3–16.,
Delle Rose M, 2007, La voragine di Gallipoli e le attività di Protezione Civile dell’IRPI-CNR,
Geologi e territorio 1 (2007): 3–12.,
Abstract
La Protezione Civile è una componente fondamentale delle istituzioni nazionali ed ha il compito di ...
La Protezione Civile è una componente fondamentale delle istituzioni nazionali ed ha il compito di mantenere e migliorare il livello di sicurezza e protezione dei cittadini dai danni e pericoli derivanti da eventi calamitosi (Protezione Civile, 2003). In Italia è coinvolta in questa funzione tutta l'organizzazione dello Stato, dai Ministeri alle Amministrazioni periferiche, dagli Enti Pubblici al Corpo Nazionale dei VVFF, alle Associazioni di volontariato. Il ruolo del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ed in particolare degli istituti qualificati come Centri di Competenza (Accordo di Programma Quadro PC-CNR, 2006), consiste nello sviluppo di conoscenze, metodologie e tecnologie per la realizzazione di sistemi di monitoraggio, previsione e sorveglianza in stretta collaborazione con i Centri Funzionali di PC, fornendo anche supporto tecnico-scientifico come previsto dalla Direttiva del Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri del 27 febbraio 2004. L'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica (IRPI) sviluppa, in particolare, attività di ricerca nel settore del dissesto idrogeologico per la prevenzione e previsione di eventi calamitosi e catastrofi, anche in occasioni di emergenza. A tale organizzazione scientifica fa riscontro la cresciuta consapevolezza delle Istituzioni locali di affrontare adeguatamente le problematiche legate al rischio idrogeologico (Provincia di Lecce, 2006). In questa nota vengono illustrate le attività svolte in occasione della gestione della crisi conseguente alla formazione della Voragine di via Firenze a Gallipoli del 29 marzo 2007, e quelle sistematiche in esecuzione sul territorio al fine dello sviluppo delle conoscenze per la previsione sui potenziali sviluppi del dissesto o di altri eventi analoghi.
Marcato G.; Fujisawa K.; Mantovani M.; Pasuto A.; Silvano S.; Tagliavini F.; Zabuski L., 2007, Evaluation of seismic effects in the landslide deposits of Monte Salta (Eastern Italian Alps) using distinct element method,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 7 (2007): 695–701.,
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present the modelling
of the ground effects of seismic ...
The aim of the paper is to present the modelling
of the ground effects of seismic waves on a large debris deposit
lying on a steep mountain slope, with particular attention
paid to the potential triggering of slope movements.
The study site is a mass of 2.5 million m3 rock fall deposit,
named "Monte Salta Landslide", located on the northern
slope of the Vajont valley, at the border between Veneto
and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions in north-eastern Italy.
Several historical landslide events were reported in the
area in the past, first one dating back to the 17th century. The
landslide deposit completely mantles the slope with a thick
cover of rock blocks.
The Mt. Salta landslide is conditioned by the presence of
Mt. Borg`a regional thrust, which uplifts Jurassic limestone
on the top of Cretaceous rock units. Above the thrust zone,
folded and highly fractured rock mass dips steeply towards
the slope free face, producing highly unstable setting.
The study area has been classified as high seismic hazard
and different vulnerable elements can be affected by the
remobilisation of debris, among which a village, a national
road and a big quarry that was opened, with the intent to
exploit the part of the landslide deposit for construction purposes.
In this study, numerical analysis was performed, to simulate
the slope behaviour using distinct element method and
applying UDEC code. The 2-D models were built on three
cross-sections and elasto-plastic behaviour was assumed,
both for rock matrix and discontinuities. The earthquake effect
was modelled in pseudo-dynamic way, i.e. by magnifying
the acceleration and applying also its horizontal component.
The expected seismic acceleration in the study area was
calculated on the basis of previous studies as equal to 0.28 g.
The results proved that the increase of the vertical component
alone has a small influence on the deformational
behaviour of the system. Hence, the acceleration vector
was deviated at 5 and then at 10 from the vertical. A
small increment of the displacement was observed in the first
case, whereas very large movements occurred in the second.
Therefore, it can be concluded that, besides the magnitude
of the earthquake, even small seismic waves in horizontal
direction could trigger significant movements and therefore
hazardous conditions. The modelled scenario should be helpful
for planning of the functional countermeasure works and
civil defence evacuation plan.
Borselli L, Torri D., 2007, A model for reducing soil erosion by tillage,
Journal of soil and water conservation 62 (2007): 158–158.,
Chiarle M.; Iannotti S.; Mortara G.; Deline P., 2007, Recent debris flow occurrences associated with glaciers in the Alps,
Global and planetary change (Print) 56 (2007): 123–136. doi_10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.003,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.gloplacha.2006.07.003
Abstract
Debris flows from glacier forefields, triggered by heavy rain or glacial outbursts, or clamming of ...
Debris flows from glacier forefields, triggered by heavy rain or glacial outbursts, or clamming of streams by ice avalanches, pose hazards in Alpine valleys (e.g. the south side of Mount Blanc). Glacier-related debris flows are, in part, a consequence of general glacier retreat and the corresponding exposure of large quantities of unconsolidated, unvegetated, and sometimes ice-cored glacial sediments. This paper documents glacier-related debris flows at 17 sites in the Italian, French, and Swiss Alps, with a focus on the Italian northwest sector. For each case data are provided which describe the glacier and the instability. Three types of events have been recognized, based on antecedent meteorological conditions. Type 1 (9 documented debris flows) is triggered by intense and prolonged rainfall, causing water saturation of sediments and consequent failure of large sediment volumes (up to 800000 m 3). Type 2 (2 debris flows) is triggered by short rainstorms which may destabilize the glacier drainage system, with debris flow volumes up to 100000 m(3). Type 3 (6 debris flows) occurs during dry weather by glacial lake outbursts or ground/buried ice melting, with debris flow volumes up to 150000 m(3). A data base of historic cases is needed in order to advance process understanding and modelling, and thus improve hazard assessment. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Kääb A., Chiarle M., Raupc B. & Schneiderd C., 2007, Climate change impacts on mountain glaciers and permafrost,
Global and planetary change (Print) (2007).,
Abstract
Due to their proximity to melting conditions under
terrestrial conditions, mountain glaciers and permafrost
are particularly sensitive ...
Due to their proximity to melting conditions under
terrestrial conditions, mountain glaciers and permafrost
are particularly sensitive to climate changes. In fact, the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognizes
glaciers as the best terrestrial indicator of climate
change, due both to their sensitivity to climatic variations
and the clear visibility of glacier growth and shrinkage to
the public (McCarthy et al., 2001). Mountain and lowland
permafrost are similarly sensitive to climate changes
because of their strong dependency on climatic conditions
at the ground-atmosphere interface and the subsurface ice
often involved (e.g., Osterkamp and Romanovsky, 1999;
Harris et al., 2001). However, much less is known about
the response of permafrost to changes in boundary conditions
due to the wide variety of surface and ground conditions,
and the complex interplay of the processes involved.
Permafrost reacts in amuch delayed and attenuatedway to
climatic changes compared to glaciers. Thus, both glaciers
and permafrost together make up a key set of targets for
monitoring climate change and its impact on terrestrial
systems in cold regions (
Galli M. & Guzzetti F., 2007, Vulnerability to landslides in Umbria, central Italy.,
Environmental management (N. Y.) 40 (2007): 649–664.,
Ardizzone F.; Cardinali M.; Galli M.; Guzzetti F.; Reichenbach P., 2007, Identification and mapping of recent rainfall-induced landslides using elevation data collected by airborne lidar.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 7 (2007): 637–650. doi_10.5194/nhess-7-637-2007,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-7-637-2007
Abstract
A high resolution Digital Elevation Model with a ground resolution of 2 mx 2 m ...
A high resolution Digital Elevation Model with a ground resolution of 2 mx 2 m (DEM2) was obtained for the Collazzone area, central Umbria, through weighted linear interpolation of elevation points acquired by Airborne Lidar Swath Mapping. Acquisition of the elevation data was performed on 3 May 2004, following a rainfall period that resulted in numerous landslides. A reconnaissance field survey conducted immediately after the rainfall period allowed mapping 70 landslides in the study area, for a total landslide area of 2.7x10(5) m(2). Topographic derivative maps obtained from the DEM2 were used to update the reconnaissance landslide inventory map in 22 selected sub-areas. The revised inventory map shows 27% more landslides and 39% less total landslide area, corresponding to a smaller average landslide size. Discrepancies between the reconnaissance and the revised inventory maps were attributed to mapping errors and imprecision chiefly in the reconnaissance field inventory. Landslides identified exploiting the Lidar elevation data matched the local topography more accurately than the same landslides mapped using the existing topographic maps. Reasons for the difference include an incomplete or inaccurate view of the landslides in the field, an unfaithful representation of topography in the based maps, and the limited time available to map the landslides in the field. The high resolution DEM2 was compared to a coarser resolution (10 mx10 m) DEM10 to establish how well the two DEMs captured the topographic signature of landslides. Results indicate that the improved topographic information provided by DEM2 was significant in identifying recent rainfall-induced landslides, and was less significant in improving the representation of stable slopes.
BORRELLI L.; GRECO R.; GULLA' G.;, 2007, Weathering grade of rock masses as a predisposing factor to slope instabilities_ Reconnaissance and control procedures.,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 87 (2007): 158–175.,
Abstract
Weathering of rock masses often assumes importance as a predisposing factor to slope instability and ...
Weathering of rock masses often assumes importance as a predisposing factor to slope instability and it is possible to map it at
various scales depending on the different purposes. The effects of weathering processes are particularly intense on crystalline rocks
(plutonic and metamorphic). These rocks are present in large areas of the globe and widespread in Calabria. The relationships between
rock mass weathering grades and slope instabilities are analysed, with reference to sectors (1:50,000 scale) and areas (1:10,000 scale)
where crystalline rocks are strongly affected by weathering. To this aim a reconnaissance procedure has been proposed to delimitate
the zones with different weathering condition, three macro-classes at average scale (1:50,000) and six classes at detail scale
(1:10,000). In this procedure first analysis of aerial photos and then field observations of representative situations have been used. The
reconnaissance procedure has been verified in a selected study area (Acri), whose geological features are provided, by the comparison
with weathering maps obtained by means of a control procedure. This last procedure consists of observations and index tests carried
out in check points located in representative check sites (discolouration, sound when struck by geological hammer, effect of the point
of geological pick, breaking with the hands, rebound of Schmidt Hammer, grain-size analysis). The results obtained confirm through
quantitative data that the weathering of a rock mass can be assumed as a predisposing factor to slope instability. At average scale
(1:50,000) the reconnaissance procedure is able to give weathering maps representative for this type of evaluation (the ratio between
the landslides area in each weathering macro-class and the whole landslide area goes from 67% to 14% for the macro-class A and from
24% to 9% for the macro-class B); at detail scale (1:10,000) it is necessary to use a control procedure to obtain weathering maps
indicative of predisposition to slope instabilities.
Terranova O.; Antronico L.; Gullà G.;, 2007, Landslide triggering scenarios in homogeneous geological contexts_ The area surrounding Acri (Calabria, Italy),
Geomorphology (Amst.) 87 (2007): 250–267. doi_10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.021,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2006.09.021
Abstract
The paper describes a methodology to detect landslide triggering scenarios in geological homogeneous areas and ...
The paper describes a methodology to detect landslide triggering scenarios in geological homogeneous areas and for some
specific landslide categories. In these scenarios, the rainfall-landslide relationship as well as the pluviometric load conditions
influencing slope instability have to be investigated.
The methodology is applied to an area located in northern Calabria (Italy) and affected by widespread and different slope
instability phenomena. Outcropped, fractured, and deeply weathered crystalline rock masses, determining geologic homogeneous
conditions, are present. In the same area, suitable and homogeneous climatic features have also been found.
According to the methodology adopted, the hydrologic analysis of rainfall time-series is initially carried out notwithstanding
historical data concerning landslide mobilization, but using simple models to determine critical pluviometric scenarios for the three
landslide categories_ shallow, medium-deep, and deep. Landslide-triggering scenarios individualized according to this procedure
are less significant as compared to the landslide mobilization detected in the study area by means of historical research and ascribed
to the three landslide categories according to geomorphologic analysis.
Subsequently, the possible landslide triggering scenarios are outlined by carefully investigating the hydrologic analysis limited
to the periods identified according to the historical data.
In the study area and approximately for all the areas characterized by the outcrop of fractured and deeply weathered crystalline
rocks, significant triggering scenarios can be outlined. In particular, shallow landslide triggers could be activated by rainfall events
with intensities exceeding 90 mm/day and/or with amounts exceeding 160 mm. As for medium-deep and deep landslides,
triggering mechanisms are more complicated; and effective rainfall contribution must be taken into account compared to
groundwater storage. Moreover, a more complex link between deep landslides and precipitation is confirmed.
The results obtained to date highlight the potential of this methodology, which enables us to define and progressively improve
the knowledge framework by means of a work sequence integrating different disciplinary tools and results.
TANSI C. (1); MUTO F. (2); CRITELLI S. (2); IOVINE G. (1), 2007, Neogene-Quaternary strike-slip tectonics in the central Calabrian Arc (Southern Italy).,
Journal of geodynamics 43 (2007): 393–414. doi_10.1016/j.jog.2006.10.006,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.jog.2006.10.006
Abstract
A Middle Miocene-Middle Pleistocene regional NW-SE left-lateral strike-slip fault system profoundly conditioned the evolution
of central ...
A Middle Miocene-Middle Pleistocene regional NW-SE left-lateral strike-slip fault system profoundly conditioned the evolution
of central Calabria, during the late tectonic phases which involved the Apulian block and the Calabrian Arc. This system dissected
an Oligocene-Early Miocene orogenic belt, made of Alpine nappes overthrusted the Apennine Chain.
In the present study, three major faults, arranged in a right-hand en ´echelon pattern, have been identified within the mentioned
strike-slip system_ the Falconara-Carpanzano Fault, the Amantea-Gimigliano Fault, and the Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault. A wide
active transtensional area (N-S-trending Crati Graben), developed since Late Pliocene, is located at the SE termination of the
Falconara-Carpanzano Fault.
In the sectors of overlapping of the faults, the transpressional regime induced tectonic extrusions of the deep-seated units of the
Chain, producing push-ups within the overlying complexes. In particular, push-ups are either made of Mesozoic carbonate rocks at
Mt. Cocuzzo-Mt. Guono and Mt. S. Lucerna, or of ophiolite rocks at Mt. Reventino and Gimigliano. In these sectors, the primary
geometric relationships among the units of the orogenic belt were locally altered.
The en ´echelon arrangement of the above-mentionedNW-SE major strike-slip faults indicates the existence of a left-lateral crustal
shear zone, striking on average N160. The age of the regionalNW-SE left-lateral strike-slip system deserves thorough investigation.
Besides evidence from historical and instrumental earthquakes, and from paleoseismological investigations, the kinematic data
suggests that the "cause" of the transtensional sector (Crati Graben) could be found in the regional Falconara-Carpanzano Fault.
DAMBROSIO D. (1); IOVINE G. (2); SPATARO W. (1); H. MIYAMOTO (3), 2007, A macroscopic collisional model for debris-flows simulation,
Environmental modelling & software 22 (2007): 1417–1436. doi_10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.09.009,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2006.09.009
Abstract
SCIDDICA S4c is the latest hexagonal release of a family of Cellular Automata models for ...
SCIDDICA S4c is the latest hexagonal release of a family of Cellular Automata models for the simulation of flow-type landslides. It is able to
simulate the erosion of the regolith along the flow path, besides branching and re-joining events of the flow masses. Dissipative effects are modelled
in terms of not-exclusive velocity-dependent mechanisms, which allow to simulate even complex rheological behaviours. Moreover, it is
able to manage the peculiar characteristics of rapid flows, and the effects of mass collisions, by guaranteeing mass conservation. In case of no
dissipation, conservation of energy and momentum are also assured. Model calibration has been carried out through parallel Genetic Algorithms,
by considering the May 1998 Curti-Sarno (Campania, Southern Italy) debris flow. A preliminary analysis has also been performed, aiming at
evaluating the sensitivity of the model with respect to a sub-set of model parameters, the size of the cell, the orientation of the cellular space, and
noise in input data. Calibration confirmed the reliability of the model in reproducing the considered case of study. Moreover, sensitivity analyses
pointed out its robustness with respect to the considered factors, by highlighting their different weight in affecting the behaviour of the simulations.
GRECO R., SORRISO-VALVO M. & CATALANO E., 2007, Logistic Regression analysis in the evaluation of mass-movements susceptibility the Aspromonte case study, Calabria,
Engineering geology 89 (2007): 47–66.,
Tagliavini, F. (1); Mantovani, M. (1); Silvano, S. (1); Marcato, G. (1); Pasuto, A. (1), 2007, Validation of landslide hazard assessment by means of GPS monitoring technique a case study in the Dolomites (Eastern Alps, Italy).,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 7 (2007): 185–193. doi_10.5194/nhess-7-185-2007,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-7-185-2007
Abstract
In the last years a research project aimed at the assessment of the landslide hazard ...
In the last years a research project aimed at the assessment of the landslide hazard and susceptibility in the high Cordevole river basin (Eastern Dolomites, Italy) have been carried out. The hazard map was made adopting the Swiss Confederation semi-deterministic approach that takes into account parameters such as velocity, geometry and frequency of landslides. Usually these parameters are collected by means of geological and morphological surveys, historical archive researches, aerophotogrammetric analysis etc. In this framework however the dynamics of an instable slope can be difficult to determine. This work aims at illustrating some progress in landslide hazard assessment using a modified version of the Swiss Confederation semi-deterministic approach in which the values of some parameters have been refined in order to accomplish more reliable results in hazard assessment. A validation of the accuracy of these new values, using GPS and inclinometric measurements, has been carried out on a test site located inside the high Cordevole river basin.
Grimaldi S., Nardi S, Di Benedetto F., Istanbulluoglu E., Bras R.L., 2007, A physically-based method for removing pits in digital elevation models.,
Advances in water resources 30(10 (2007): 2151–2158.,
Serinaldi F., Grimaldi S., 2007, Fully nested 3-copula: procedure and application on hydrologic data.,
Journal of hydrologic engineering 12(4) (2007): 420–430.,
Del Gaudio V.; Wasowski J., 2007, Directivity of slope dynamic response to seismic shaking,
Geophysical research letters 34 (2007). doi_10.1029/2007GL029842,
DOI: 10.1029%2F2007GL029842
Abstract
A four year-long accelerometric monitoring of a
landslide-prone slope area in Italy provided evidence of
amplifications with ...
A four year-long accelerometric monitoring of a
landslide-prone slope area in Italy provided evidence of
amplifications with systematic directional differences in
shaking energy by a factor of 2-3, apparently correlated
with the directions of local topographic features. The
examination of regional-scale data revealed similar site
response directivity phenomena also on some steep rock
slopes not affected by amplification. The spectral properties
of the site responses were investigated using HVSR analysis
and a new approach based on the multiplication of spectra
from several events. The results suggest that such
phenomena are caused by a directional redistribution of
spectral energy controlled by a combination of interrelated
topographic and geologic factors acting in similar
directions.
Marcato G.; Fujisawa K.; Mantovani M.; Pasuto A.; Silvano S.; Tagliavini F.; Zabuski L., 2007, Evaluation of seismic effects on the landslide deposits of Monte Salta (Eastern Italian Alps) using distinct element method.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 7 (2007): 695–701.,
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present the modelling
of the ground effects of seismic ...
The aim of the paper is to present the modelling
of the ground effects of seismic waves on a large debris deposit
lying on a steep mountain slope, with particular attention
paid to the potential triggering of slope movements.
The study site is a mass of 2.5 million m3 rock fall deposit,
named "Monte Salta Landslide", located on the northern
slope of the Vajont valley, at the border between Veneto
and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions in north-eastern Italy.
Several historical landslide events were reported in the
area in the past, first one dating back to the 17th century. The
landslide deposit completely mantles the slope with a thick
cover of rock blocks.
The Mt. Salta landslide is conditioned by the presence of
Mt. Borg`a regional thrust, which uplifts Jurassic limestone
on the top of Cretaceous rock units. Above the thrust zone,
folded and highly fractured rock mass dips steeply towards
the slope free face, producing highly unstable setting.
The study area has been classified as high seismic hazard
and different vulnerable elements can be affected by the
remobilisation of debris, among which a village, a national
road and a big quarry that was opened, with the intent to
exploit the part of the landslide deposit for construction purposes.
In this study, numerical analysis was performed, to simulate
the slope behaviour using distinct element method and
applying UDEC code. The 2-D models were built on three
cross-sections and elasto-plastic behaviour was assumed,
both for rock matrix and discontinuities. The earthquake effect
was modelled in pseudo-dynamic way, i.e. by magnifying
the acceleration and applying also its horizontal component.
The expected seismic acceleration in the study area was
calculated on the basis of previous studies as equal to 0.28 g.The results proved that the increase of the vertical component
alone has a small influence on the deformational
behaviour of the system. Hence, the acceleration vector
was deviated at 5 and then at 10 from the vertical. A
small increment of the displacement was observed in the first
case, whereas very large movements occurred in the second.
Therefore, it can be concluded that, besides the magnitude
of the earthquake, even small seismic waves in horizontal
direction could trigger significant movements and therefore
hazardous conditions. The modelled scenario should be helpful
for planning of the functional countermeasure works and
civil defence evacuation plan.
Marchi, L.; Cavalli, M., 2007, Procedures for the Documentation of Historical Debris Flows_ Application to the Chieppena Torrent (Italian Alps),
Environmental management (N. Y.) 40 (2007): 493–503. doi_10.1007/s00267-006-0288-5,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs00267-006-0288-5
Abstract
The reconstruction of triggering conditions,
geomorphic effects, and damage produced by historical
floods and debris flows significantly ...
The reconstruction of triggering conditions,
geomorphic effects, and damage produced by historical
floods and debris flows significantly contributes to hazard
assessment, allowing improved risk mitigation measures to
be defined. Methods for the analysis of historical floods and
debris flows vary greatly according to the type and quality
of available data, which in turn are influenced by the time
the events occurred. For floods and debris flows occurring
in the Alps a few decades ago (between about 1950 and
1980), the documentation is usually better than for previous
periods but, unlike events of most recent years, quantitative
data are usually scanty and the description of the events
does not aim to identify processes according to current
terminology and classifications. The potential, and also the
limitations of historical information available for the
reconstruction of historical debris flows in the Alps have
been explored by analyzing a high-magnitude debris flow
that occurred on November 4, 1966 in the Chieppena
Torrent (northeastern Italy). Reconstruction of the event
was based on the use of written documentation, terrestrial
and aerial photographs, and geomorphological maps. The
analysis aimed to define the temporal development of
phenomena, recognizing the type of flow processes and
assessing some basic flow variables, such as volume,
channel-debris yield rate, erosion depth, total distance
traveled, and runout distance on the alluvial fan. The historical
development of torrent hydraulic works, both before
and after the debris flow of November 1966, was also
analyzed with regard to the technical solutions adopted and
their performance.
Noferini, Linhsia (1); Pieraccini, Massimiliano (1); Mecatti, Daniele (1); Macaluso, Giovanni (1); Atzeni, Carlo (1); Mantovani, Matteo (2); Marcato, Gianluca (2); Pasuto, Alessandro (2); Silvano, Sandro (2); Tagliavini, Fabrizio (2), 2007, Using GB-SAR technique to monitor slow moving landslide.,
Engineering geology 95 (2007): 88–98. doi_10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.09.002,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.enggeo.2007.09.002
Abstract
A Ground-Based SAR (GB-SAR) interferometer was employed to measure the surface displacements of a landslide ...
A Ground-Based SAR (GB-SAR) interferometer was employed to measure the surface displacements of a landslide occurring in the Carnian Alps, north-eastern Italy, which has affected a national road and seriously damaged a road tunnel still under construction. Moreover, since the landslide is located on the left bank of the Tagliamento River Valley, it is feared that this mass movement might dam the river, creating a basin that would increase natural hazard for the valley inhabitants. The data collected from December 2002 to July 2005 by a conventional monitoring system, consisting of a GPS network and boreholes equipped with inclinometric tubes, showed that the landslide was moving at a quasi-constant rate of about 3 cm per year. Due to the slow deformation rate of the landslide, a recently developed GB-SAR technique based on the analysis of a restricted ensemble of coherent points was used. Two surveys, each lasting two days, were planned in December 2004 and July 2005, in order to map and measure the surface displacements that occurred over time. The results from the radar were compared with the ones derived from the GPS monitoring network. An agreement was achieved among the data collected, showing the capability of the GB-SAR technique to measure displacements even within a time span of several months between the surveys.
Petrucci O.; Polemio M., 2007, Flood risk mitigation and anthropogenic modifications of a coastal plain in southern Italy_ combined effects over the past 150 years.,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 7 (2007): 361–373.,
Abstract
A study of the effects of human modification of a coastal plain mainly involving land ...
A study of the effects of human modification of a coastal plain mainly involving land reclamation and flood protection is proposed. The approach involves historical, geomorphological and hydrological data as a whole, taking into account the equilibrium of rivers, plains and coastal areas. The test area, a telling example of profound economic and social transformation of a coastal plain, is the Piana di Sibari (Calabria, southern Italy), subject to major human modifi- cations over the last 150 years. The study area, at most 300ma.s.l., is 450 km2 wide and comprises 24 hydrographic basins. The approach is based on the creation and analysis of four databases_ 1) a historical series of geo-coded flood damage (DAMAGES database), concerning damaging floods which occurred over the past few centuries in the study area; 2) a geocoded series of protection works for land reclamation, protection from floods and improvement of soil stability in steep areas (WORKS database), gathered from the archives of the agencies that carried out the works, organized in a GISformat; 3) a historical series of maximum flood discharges and extreme rainy events (HYMAX database) aimed at defining the trends of occurrence and the intensity of flooding; 4) a coastal line position and migration over time (COASTAL database), created using mainly literature data based on discontinuous data such as historical maps and images. The work describes the complex succession of floods, protection and reclamation works, human transformation of the plain and major land use changes over the last two centuries in the test area. The new characteristics of the plain and its modifications, including major engineering works, land-use transformation and urbanisation, are illustrated. The damaging floods of the last 200 years, the modifications of runoff and flooding due to works built over the basins, hydrological data and the records concerning coastal modifications were Correspondence to_ O. Petrucci (o.petrucci@irpi.cnr.it) used to create specific databases and a GIS in which these data can be analyzed by typology, location and extension. The proposed approach highlights the high degree of correlation between drainage basin management, mainly in terms of increasing protection from natural hazards, and anthropogenic development in a broad coastal plain.
Calcaterra D., Coppin D., de Vita S., Di Vito M.A., Orsi G., Palma B. & Parise M., 2007, Slope processes in weathered volcaniclastic deposits within the city of Naples_ the Camaldoli Hill case.,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 87 (2007): 132–157.,
Ollier C., Calcaterra D. & Parise M., 2007, Studies in weathering and slope movements an introduction.,
Geomorphology (Amst.) 87 (2007): 101–103.,
Parise M., Qiriazi P. & Sala S., 2007, Evaporite karst of Albania_ main features and cases of environmental degradation.,
Environmental geology (Berl.) (2007).,
Garfi G.; Bruno D.E.; Calcaterra D.; Parise M., 2007, Fan morphodynamics and slope instability in the Mucone River basin (Sila Massif, southern Italy): significance of weathering and role of land use changes.,
Catena (Cremling.) 69 (2007): 181–196.,
Abstract
In the present paper, the preliminary results of a study concerning the fan dynamics in ...
In the present paper, the preliminary results of a study concerning the fan dynamics in the valley of the Mucone River (Sila Massif, southern Italy) are presented. In the study area highly weathered Palaeozoic crystalline rocks crop out, ranging from residual soils to moderately weathered rocks. Because of the rugged topography and the abundance of weathered deposits, mass movements affect the great majority of the catchments. The most common instability phenomena are represented by rotational and translational slides, with subordinate rockfalls on steep to near vertical slopes. Debris-flow and debris-avalanche scars occur at the upper-middle reaches of many catchments.
They are caused by mobilization of colluvial and weathered materials during large storms and are usually channelized in the main canyon of the basin. At the catchment mouth, deposition of debris-flow material occurs, contributing to the building up of fans.
In order to assess the fan morphodynamics and the slope evolution in the temporal range 1955 - 1996, multi-year air-photo interpretation and field surveys concerning morphodynamic processes and vegetation cover features were carried out. Field observations allowed discriminating the type of fan deposits (debris-flow or water-flow dominated, mixed deposits) and the successional stages of vegetation.
Results showed that fans were concerned by different activity and dissection modality, in addition to diverse evolution patterns in vegetation communities, according to the fan aspect. At the basin scale, from 1955 to 1996 changes in land use and in the disturbance regime involved a considerable expansion of natural vegetation cover at the expense of cultivated lands. Such occurrences very likely played a major role in determining a remarkable attenuation in slope instability at the basin scale and a progressive trend toward inactivity of the fans.
Tayfur G., Moramarco T., Singh V.P., 2007, Predicting and forecasting flow discharge at sites receiving significant lateral inflow,
Hydrological processes (Print) 21 (2007): 1848–1859. doi_10.1002/hyp.6320,
DOI: 10.1002%2Fhyp.6320
Abstract
Two models, one linear and one non-linear, were employed for the prediction of flow dischargehydrographs ...
Two models, one linear and one non-linear, were employed for the prediction of flow dischargehydrographs at sites receiving significant lateral inflow. The linear model is based on a rating curve and permits a quick estimation of flow at a downstream site. The non-linear model is based on a multilayer feed-forward back propagation (FFBP) artificial neural network (ANN) and uses flow-stage data measured at the upstream and downstream stations. ANN predicted the real-time storm hydrographs
satisfactorily and better than did the linear model. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that when the lateral inflow contribution to the channel reach was insignificant, ANN, usingonly the flow-stage data at the upstream station, satisfactorily predicted the hydrograph at the downstream station. The prediction error of ANN increases exponentially with the difference between the peak discharge used in training and that used intesting. ANN was also employed for flood forecasting and was
compared with the modified Muskingum model (MMM). For a 4-hlead time, MMM forecasts the floods reliably but could not be applied to reaches for lead times greater than the wave travel time. Although ANN and MMM had comparable performances for an 8-h lead time, ANN is capable of forecasting floods with lead times longer than the wave travel time.
Perumal M., Moramarco T., Melone F., 2007, A caution about the multilinear discrete lag-cascade model for flood routing.,
Journal of hydrology (Amst.) 338 (2007): 308–314.,
Perumal M., Moramarco T., Sahoo B., Barbetta S., 2007, A methodology for discharge estimation and rating curve development at ungauged river sites,
Water resources research 43 (2007): W02412-1–W02412-22. doi_10.1029/2005WR004609,
DOI: 10.1029%2F2005WR004609
Abstract
A methodology for estimating discharges and development of rating curves at ungauged river sites is ...
A methodology for estimating discharges and development of rating curves at ungauged river sites is presented. The methodology employs a routing method, which is
an extension of the variable parameter Muskingum stage hydrograph (VPMS) routing method developed by M. Perumal and K. G. Ranga Raju, for routing a given upstream stage hydrograph in a channel reach characterized by trapezoidal compound cross section to arrive at the stage hydrograph at the downstream site. Furthermore, the VPMS method also enables us to estimate the discharge hydrographs at the upstream and downstream sites. It is assumed that there is no lateral flow within the routing reach. For establishing the rating curve at the ungauged river site the following concept employed in the development of the VPMS method can be conveniently exploited_ During unsteady flow, there exists a one-to-one relationship between the stage estimated at the ungauged site and the corresponding steady discharge, which occurs somewhere downstream of that location, and using the method employed in the VPMS method, one can estimate that steady discharge. By linking this discharge with the stage estimated at the ungauged site the rating curve can be established. This approach of developing the rating curve is verified for a number of hypothetical data sets, obtained using the MIKE 11 model, which is used as the benchmark model in this study. Furthermore, the appropriateness of the proposed extended VPMS routing method is verified using two sets of experimental data on unsteady flows, obtained from a laboratory channel with rectangular compound flow section. The methodology is also field tested using six sets of concurrent stage hydrograph data obtained at the upstream and downstream sites of a 15 km reach length of the Tiber River in central Italy, out of which only one set of data was used for calibrating the reach-averaged Manning's roughness coefficient. The close reproductions
of the rating curves and discharge hydrographs recorded at the upstream and downstream sites demonstrate that the proposed methodology can be confidently used for
rating curve development and discharge estimation at ungauged sites, thus avoiding the manual discharge measurement at any river site not subjected to backwater effects.
