Pubblicazioni
Publications found: 1347
Developing a large-scale dataset of flood fatalities for territories in the Euro-Mediterranean region, FFEM-DB
Papagiannaki, K., Petrucci, O., Diakakis, M., Kotroni, V., Aceto, L., Bianchi, C., Brázdil, R., Grimalt Gelabert, M., Inbar, M., Kahraman, A., K?l?ç, O., Krahn, A., Kreibich, H., Llasat, M.C., Llasat-Botija, M., Macdonald, N., Madruga de Brito, M., Mercuri, M., Pereira, S., ?eho?, J., Rossello Geli, J., Salvati, P., Vinet, F., & Zêzere, J.L., 2022, Developing a large-scale dataset of flood fatalities for territories in the Euro-Mediterranean region, FFEM-DB,
Scientific data 9 (166) (2022). doi_10.1038/s41597-022-01273-x,
DOI: 10.1038%2Fs41597-022-01273-x
Abstract
This data paper describes the multinational Database of Flood Fatalities from the Euro-Mediterranean region FFEM-DB ...
This data paper describes the multinational Database of Flood Fatalities from the Euro-Mediterranean region FFEM-DB that hosts data of 2,875 flood fatalities from 12 territories (nine of which represent entire countries) in Europe and the broader Mediterranean region from 1980 to 2020. The FFEM-DB database provides data on fatalities' profiles, location, and contributing circumstances, allowing researchers and flood risk managers to explore demographic, behavioral, and situational factors, as well as environmental features of flood-related mortality. The standardized data collection and classification methodology enable comparison between regions beyond administrative boundaries. The FFEM-DB is expandable, regularly updated, publicly available, and with anonymized data. The key advantages of the FFEM-DB compared to existing datasets containing flood fatalities are its high level of detail, data accuracy, record completeness, and the large sample size from an extended area.
Review article_ Factors leading to the occurrence of flood fatalities_ a systematic review of research papers published between 2010 and 2020
Petrucci, Olga, 2022, Review article_ Factors leading to the occurrence of flood fatalities_ a systematic review of research papers published between 2010 and 2020,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Print) 22 (2022): 71–83. doi_10.5194/nhess-22-71-2022,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-22-71-2022
Abstract
Floods kill numerous people every year in both developed and developing countries. The transfer of ...
Floods kill numerous people every year in both developed and developing countries. The transfer of research findings from the academic community to practitioners, policy-makers and citizens may reduce the impact of floods on mortality. This systematic review analyzes 44 scientific articles extracted from WOS and SCOPUS databases written in English, published between 2010 and 2020, and focuses on flood fatalities. The first main finding of this review is the classification of drivers of flood mortality into two groups_ the first group relates to the environment, and the second group relates to the fatalities. The second main finding is the identification of strategies to practically cope with the identified drivers of flood fatalities. The main shortcomings of the review concern (a) the unavailability of papers based on flood fatality occurrence in developing countries and (b) the absence of data focusing on people who have survived floods. This review amplifies useful findings, best practices and lessons learned that can be useful for administrators, risk managers, and teachers of primary and secondary schools to mitigate the impact of future floods on human life.
Brief communication_ monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff using webcams and strain sensors
D. Guenzi, D. Godone, P. Allasia, N. L. Fazio, M. Perrotti, P. Lollino, 2022, Brief communication_ monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff using webcams and strain sensors,
Natural hazards and earth system sciences (Online) 22 (2022): 207–212. doi_10.5194/nhess-22-207-2022,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fnhess-22-207-2022
Abstract
In this brief communication, we describe a case study about monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff ...
In this brief communication, we describe a case study about monitoring a soft-rock coastal cliff using webcams and a strain sensor, located in the Apulia region (southeastern Italy). In this urban and touristic area, coastal recession is extremely rapid and rockfalls are very frequent. Using low-cost and open-source hardware and software, we are monitoring the area, trying to correlate both meteorological information with measures obtained from the crack meter and webcams, aiming to recognize potential precursor signals that could be triggered by instability phenomena.
Evaluating the climate impact on slow-moving landslides at a regional scale using Earth Observation data
Evelina Volpe, Loredana Antronico, Francesca Ardizzone, Roberto Coscarelli, Stefano Luigi Gariano, Alessandro Mondini, 2021, Evaluating the climate impact on slow-moving landslides at a regional scale using Earth Observation data,
Worshop CNR IRPI - Il contributo del CNR IRPI al sistema Paese nella mitigazione dei rischi geo-idrologici, pp. 1–1, Roma, 25-26/11/2021,
Abstract
Earth observation (EO) data are useful tools to analyse geomorphological processes, among which slow-moving landslides ...
Earth observation (EO) data are useful tools to analyse geomorphological processes, among which slow-moving landslides triggered by rainfall. EO data are also used to evaluate climate change and to assess its impact on geomorphological processes and geo-hydrological phenomena. The latter is the topic of the Project OT4Clima (Innovative Earth Observation technologies to study Climate Change and its impact on the environment) joined by CNR-IRPI within a consortium that includes other CNR institutes, universities and private companies. The OT4CLIMA project moves from the awareness that the impacts of climate change on the environment need to be better observed, understood, and modelled, especially at a regional scale, in order to put in place appropriate and effective risk mitigation strategies.
Within the project, the CNR-IRPI group works on the development of rigorous methods and procedures for evaluating the impact of climate and its change on landslides, in particular on those characterized by a slow cinematic, at a regional scale.
The test site is represented by four catchments located in the Basilicata region, southern Italy, namely the basins of the Bradano, Basento, Agri, and Sinni rivers.
Long-term rainfall series gathered from 22 rain gauges located in the four catchments are analysed to evaluate the presence of temporal trends. To this aim, non-parametric and statistical tests are applied to the series.
Historical landslide information is gathered from the analysis of the IFFI (Inventario dei Fenomeni Franosi in Italia) database, the Idrogeo platform (https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/app/) and the AVI (Aree Vulnerate in Italia) catalogue. Only some types of landslide movements are considered, namely rotational-translational slides, slow slides/flows, complex movements.
Moreover, Copernicus Sentinel-1 images are employed to detect the spatial and temporal distribution of slow earth surface deformations. The obtained results are used for checking the completeness of the landslide inventories. More in detail, the deformation maps of the test site are obtained by means of the application of the SBAS (Small BAseline Subset) technique to three datasets of Sentinel-1 images_ t146 ascending orbit and t51 and t124 descending orbits, for the period 2015-2020.
Then, a comparative analysis of rainfall data with displacement series is carried out with the aim of identifying clusters of satellite measurements with homogeneous behaviour likely correlated to variations in the rainfall regime. In particular, only the points with a mean velocity in the observation higher than 0.1 cm/year are considered to be moving. Moreover, only the displacement series of points located in areas mapped as landslides - as for the historical inventories - and sited within the influence regions of each rain gauge in the study area are analysed. A 10-km circular buffer centred in the stations are used to define the influence region of each station.
The displacement series are analysed and compared to the rainfall series to search for correlations and to evaluate the effects of climate drivers on slow moving landslides.
Climate services for tourism_ An applied methodology for user engagement and co-creation in European destinations
Font Barnet A.; Boque Ciurana A.; Olano Pozo J.X.; Russo A.; Coscarelli R.; Antronico L.; De Pascale F.; Saladie O.; Anton-Clave S.; Aguilar E., 2021, Climate services for tourism_ An applied methodology for user engagement and co-creation in European destinations,
Climate services 23 (2021). doi_10.1016/j.cliser.2021.100249,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.cliser.2021.100249
Abstract
This article presents an exploratory methodology to co-create climate services for the tourism sector together ...
This article presents an exploratory methodology to co-create climate services for the tourism sector together with local stakeholders, emphasizing focus groups as an essential step for obtaining relevant data throughout the process. The article describes the user engagement for defining the optimal conditions for tourism in four different types of destinations in terms of tourist specialisation in Spain (Jacetania Council in the Aragon Pyrenees, the city of Calvià on the island of Majorca; the city of Barcelona and the Barcelona Coast) and Italy (Sila National Park) This methodology involves a sequence of steps to extract and validate such information through engagement, with destination stakeholders along the value chain (from accommodation managers to destination planners as well as final users). The process facilitates the design of numerical indices based on the information collected (from qualitative to quantitative data). Our methodology is suitable for application in other contexts and tourism activities where the subjective perception of weather and climate plays a role, as well as in other sectors.
The 1921 European drought_ impacts, reconstruction and drivers
van der Schrier, Gerard; Allan, Richard P.; Osso, Albert; Sousa, Pedro M.; Van de Vyver, Hans; Van Schaeybroeck, Bert; Coscarelli, Roberto; Pasqua, Angela A.; Petrucci, Olga; Curley, Mary; Mietus, Miroslaw; Filipiak, Janusz; Stepanek, Petr; Zahradnicek, Pavel; Brazdil, Rudolf; Reznickova, Ladislava; van den Besselaar, Else J. M.; Trigo, Ricardo; Aguilar, Enric, 2021, The 1921 European drought_ impacts, reconstruction and drivers,
Climate of the past (Print) 17 (2021): 2201–2221. doi_10.5194/cp-17-2201-2021,
DOI: 10.5194%2Fcp-17-2201-2021
Abstract
The European drought of 1921 is assessed in terms of its impacts on society and ...
The European drought of 1921 is assessed in terms of its impacts on society and in terms of its physical characteristics. The development of impacts of the drought are categorized by a systematic survey of newspaper reports from five European newspapers covering the area from England to the Czech Republic and other parts of Europe. This is coupled to a reconstruction of daily temperature and precipitation based on meteorological measurements to quantify the drought severity and extent, and reanalysis data are used to identify its drivers. This analysis shows that the first impacts of the drought started to appear in early spring and lingered on until well into autumn and winter, affecting water supply and agriculture and livestock farming. The dominant impact in western Europe is on agriculture and livestock farming while in central Europe the effects of wildfires were reported on most often. The peak in the number of reports is in late summer. Preceding the first impacts was the dry autumn of 1920 and winter 1920-1921. The area hardest hit by the drought in the following spring and summer was the triangle between Brussels, Paris and Lyon, but a vast stretch of the continent, from Ireland to the Ukraine, was affected. The reported impacts on water supply and water-borne transport in that region were matched by an analysis of the hydrological situation over the Seine catchment. On average, the 1921 summer was not particularly hot, but the heatwave which was observed at the end of July saw temperatures matching those of the heatwaves in modern summers. Similar to modern droughts, an anticyclone was present roughly over the British Isles, maintaining sunny and dry weather in Europe and steering away cyclones to the north. Its persistence makes it exceptional in comparison to modern droughts. The 1921 drought stands out as the most severe and most widespread drought in Europe since the start of the 20th century. The precipitation deficit in all seasons was large, but in none of the seasons in 1920 and 1921 was the precipitation deficit the largest on record. The severity of the 1921 drought relates to the conservative nature of drought which amplifies the lack of precipitation in autumn and winter into the following spring and summer.
The Potential Role of Climate Indices to Explain Floods, Mass-Movement Events and Wildfires in Southern Italy
Coscarelli, Roberto; Aguilar, Enric; Petrucci, Olga; Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.; Zimbo, Fabio, 2021, The Potential Role of Climate Indices to Explain Floods, Mass-Movement Events and Wildfires in Southern Italy,
Climate (Basel) On line 9 (2021). doi_10.3390/cli9110156,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fcli9110156
Abstract
Climate variability can be the source of several multiple hazards and damaging phenomena, such as ...
Climate variability can be the source of several multiple hazards and damaging phenomena, such as flash floods, debris flows, landslides, forest fires, etc. In this study the response in the frequency of landslides, floods and forest fires to a set of climate indices is studied, referring to a region of southern Italy (Calabria) located in the center of the Mediterranean basin, a hot-spot for climate change. For these comparisons, 5022 landslides and 1584 flood occurrences for a 29-year period (1990-2018) have been selected for the whole Calabria; the burnt areas have been analyzed for the same territory from 2008 to 2018. The climate indices have been calculated by means of daily rainfall and temperature data registered in 93 stations. The results showed that landslide occurrences are more linked with climate indices describing not very intense rainfall. Conversely, floods show best matches with climate indices representative of more extreme precipitation. Regarding the burnt areas, the results confirmed that very dry climate conditions, modifying the moisture content of the soil, can change the intensity and the extension of fires.
Spatiotemporal Pattern Formation in a Ring of Chua’s Oscillators
Ali G.; Bilotta E.; Chiaravalloti F.; Pantano P.; Pezzi O.; Scuro C.; Valentini F., 2021, Spatiotemporal Pattern Formation in a Ring of Chua’s Oscillators,
Regular and chaotic dynamics 26 (2021): 717–731. doi_10.1134/S1560354721060095,
DOI: 10.1134%2FS1560354721060095
Abstract
In the present work the spontaneous dynamics of a ring of N Chua's oscillators, mutually ...
In the present work the spontaneous dynamics of a ring of N Chua's oscillators, mutually coupled through a resistor R in anearest-neighbor configuration, is investigated numerically for different strengths of the coupling. A transition from periodic to chaoticglobal dynamics is observed when the coupling decreases below a critical value and complex patterns in the spatiotemporal dynamics of thering emerge for a small coupling interval after the transition to chaos. The recovered behavior, as well asthe value of the criticalthreshold, appears to be independent of the size of the ring. We also propose aninterpretation of this property, which relates the regularsynchronized dynamics of the ring to the dynamics of the isolated oscillator. Finally,for the ring of the coupled oscillator, a theoretical wavedispersion relation is calculated and successfully compared with the results of thenumerical simulations, analyzed by classicaltechniques adopted for turbulent flows.
Sediment connectivity assessment through a geomorphometric approach_ review of recent applications
Cavalli M., Crema S., Borselli L., Comiti F., Cucchiaro S., Macchi G., Trevisani S., Marchi L.,, 2021, Sediment connectivity assessment through a geomorphometric approach_ review of recent applications,
Il contributo del CNR IRPI al sistema paese per la mitigazione dei rischi geo idrologici, Roma, 25-26/11/2021,
Abstract
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water ...
Sediment connectivity, defined as the degree to which a system facilitates the transfer of water and sediment through itself by means of coupling relationships between its components, has recently emerged as a paramount property of geomorphic systems. The growing interest of the earth sciences community in connectivity led this property becoming a key concept concerning sediment transfer processes analysis and one of the building blocks of modern geomorphology. The increasing availability of high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from different sources as LiDAR and Structure from Motion (SfM) paved the way to quantitative and semi-quantitative approaches for assessing sediment connectivity. A geomorphometric index of sediment connectivity (Borselli et al., 2008; Cavalli et al., 2013), based on DEM derivatives as drainage area, slope, flow length and surface roughness, has been developed along with related freeware software tool (SedInConnect). The index aims at depicting spatial connectivity patterns at the catchment scale to support the assessment of the contribution of a given part of the catchment as sediment source and define sediment transfer paths. The increasing interest in the quantitative characterization of the linkages between landscape units and the straightforward applicability of this index led to numerous applications in different contexts (Cavalli et al., 2020). This work presents and discusses the main applications of this sediment connectivity index. Being a topography-based index, it is focused on structural aspects of connectivity, and quality and resolution of DEMs may have significant impact on the results. Future development should consider process-based connectivity and incorporate temporal variability directly into the index. Moreover, this work demonstrate that, when carefully applied considering the intrinsic limitations of the mainly topographic-based approach, the index can rapidly provide a spatial characterization of sediment dynamics, thus improving the understanding of geomorphic system behavior and, consequently, hazard and risk assessment.
Validation metrics of homogenization techniques on artificially inhomogenized monthly temperature networks in Sweden and Slovenia (1950-2005)
Coscarelli R.; Caroletti G.N.; Joelsson M.; Engstrom E.; Caloiero T., 2021, Validation metrics of homogenization techniques on artificially inhomogenized monthly temperature networks in Sweden and Slovenia (1950-2005),
Scientific reports (Nature Publishing Group) 11 (2021). doi_10.1038/s41598-021-97685-7,
DOI: 10.1038%2Fs41598-021-97685-7
Abstract
In order to correctly detect climate signals and discard possible instrumentation errors, establishing coherent data ...
In order to correctly detect climate signals and discard possible instrumentation errors, establishing coherent data records has become increasingly relevant. However, since real measurements can be inhomogeneous, their use for assessing homogenization techniques is not directly possible, and the study of their performance must be done on homogeneous datasets subjected to controlled, artificial inhomogeneities. In this paper, considering two European temperature networks over the 1950-2005 period, up to 7 artificial breaks and an average of 107 missing data per station were introduced, in order to determine that mean square error, absolute bias and factor of exceedance can be meaningfully used to validate the best-performing homogenization technique. Three techniques were used, ACMANT and two versions of HOMER_ the standard, automated setup mode and a manual setup. Results showed that the HOMER techniques performed better regarding the factor of exceedance, while ACMANT was best with regard to absolute error and root mean square error. Regardless of the technique used, it was also established that homogenization quality anti-correlated meaningfully to the number of breaks. On the other hand, as missing data are almost always replaced in the two HOMER techniques, only ACMANT performance is significantly, negatively affected by the amount of missing data.
Trend analysis of rainfall using gridded data over a region of southern Italy
Caloiero T.; Coscarelli R.; Pellicone G., 2021, Trend analysis of rainfall using gridded data over a region of southern Italy,
Water (Basel) 13 (2021). doi_10.3390/w13162271,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fw13162271
Abstract
Climate change is affecting all regions worldwide. Globally, polar ice shields are melting and the ...
Climate change is affecting all regions worldwide. Globally, polar ice shields are melting and the sea is rising. Moreover, some regions are facing more common extreme weather events and rainfall, while others are experiencing more extreme heat waves and droughts, causing changes in mean renewable water supplies e.g., precipitation and runoff. In this work, in order to detect possible rainfall trends in the Calabria region (southern Italy), a gridded database has been obtained from a rainfall data set of 129 monthly series collected for the period 1951-2016. In particular, the Inverse Distance Weighed was applied to build 603 rainfall grid series with a spatial resolution of 5 km × 5 km and, for each grid point, the monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall series were analyzed with the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and the Theil-Sen estimator. Results showed a decreasing trend for the annual and winter-autumn rainfall and an increasing trend for the summer one.
An Integration of UAV-Based Photogrammetry and 3D Modelling for Rockfall Hazard Assessment_ The Cárcavos Case in 2018 (Spain).
ILENIA G. GALLO, MÓNICA MARTÍNEZ-CORBELLA, ROBERTO SARRO, GIULIO IOVINE, JUAN LÓPEZ-VINIELLES, MARIO HÉRNANDEZ, GAETANO ROBUSTELLI, ROSA
MARÍA MATEOS, JUAN CARLOS GARCÍA-DAVALILLO, 2021, An Integration of UAV-Based Photogrammetry and 3D Modelling for Rockfall Hazard Assessment_ The Cárcavos Case in 2018 (Spain).,
Remote sensing (Basel) 13 (2021). doi_10.3390/rs13173450,
DOI: 10.3390%2Frs13173450
Abstract
An example of the combined use of UAV photogrammetry and rockfall numerical simulation is described. ...
An example of the combined use of UAV photogrammetry and rockfall numerical simulation is described. A case of fragmental rockfall occurred on 17 November 2018 in Cárcavos, a
site located in the Spanish municipality of Ayna (Albacete). The event caused a great social alarm as some infrastructure was affected. By using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry, a
high-resolution 3D model has been generated from point cloud data, and distribution and size of the fragmented rocks (more than 600 boulders) determined. The analysis has been performed through
numerical simulations to_ (1) reproduce the paths followed by the real blocks; and (2) estimate the speed and energy of the blocks, together with their heights, impacts and stopping points. Accordingly,
source areas have been identified, including the potential source areas and unstable blocks on the slope. In addition, the exposed elements at risk (buildings, facilities, infrastructures, etc.) have been
identified, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures against future events evaluated.
Accounting for compositional nature of soil constituents in digital mapping of organic carbon
Gabriele Buttafuoco, Donatella Civitelli, Massimo Conforti, Anna Lia Gabriele, 2021, Accounting for compositional nature of soil constituents in digital mapping of organic carbon,
Eurosoil 2021. Connecting People and Soil., Geneva (Switzerland ) - Virtual, 23/08/2021, 27/08/2021,
Abstract
There is a recognized importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its profound influence on ...
There is a recognized importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its profound influence on soil properties and crucial part of the global carbon cycle. Organic carbon is a single component of soil constituents and its mapping should take into account its compositional nature. The statistical analysis of compositional data sets is based on the Aitchison's idea (1986) and its developments that if all chemical elements in a soil sample are analysed, their concentrations sum up to a constant and the relationships that variables have to one another are conditioned from the rest of the elements included in the composition. The study was carried out within the project AlForlab PON03PE_00024_1, and aimed to map soil organic carbon within a forested catchment in southern Italy accounting for its compositional nature. The study area is a 139 ha catchment on granitic parent material and subordinately alluvial deposits, where soils are classified as Typic Xerumbrepts and Ultic Haploxeralf crop out. Soils samples were collected at 135 locations and the sample design was developed using a spatial simulated annealing algorithm with two steps. First, one half of the samples were located over the whole basin onto a 5 m grid, optimizing for minimal distance between observations. Then, the remaining samples were located using the Weighted Means of Shortest Distances algorithm, with slope gradient as a weigh function. In the field, soils were sampled up to a depth of 0.20 m and the geographical coordinates of each point were recorded with a differential Trimble receiver at 1-m accuracy. In the laboratory, SOC concentration was measured using a Shimadzu TOC-L analyzer with a SSM-5000A solid sample module whereas through sieve and hydrometer methods, the percentage of sand, silt and clay was determined. A geostatistical approach was used to map SOC concentration at the 0.20 m depth over the whole catchment. A complementary variable (filler) was calculated to complete the composition and to ensure constant sum of SOC interpolated values at a given location. The isometric logratio (irl) transformation of raw data was used. Moreover, to assess the contribution of soil textural fractions in improving the estimation of SOC concentration at unsampled locations, sand, silt and clay concentrations were used as auxiliary information within ordinary cokriging. The three textural components were used as both raw data and isometric logratio (irl) transformations. Four approaches were compared to map SOC using (1) only raw SOC data concentrations, (2) isometric logratio transformation of SOC and the complementary variable, (3) raw data both for SOC and textural components, and (4) isometric logratio transformation of SOC and textural components. The comparison was evaluated splitting the SOC data randomly into calibration and validation sets. Since textural data were used as auxiliary variables in the estimation procedure, whole data set was used. In both cases (univariate and multivariate), using isometric logratio transformations compared to raw data was more computationally intensive and in estimating SOC concentrations, slightly better results were obtained.
EUFF 2.0 (European Flood Fatalities database) 1980-2020
Petrucci, O., Aceto, L., Bianchi, C., Brázdil, R., Diakakis, M., Inbar, M., Kahraman, A., K?l?ç, O., Krahn, A., Kreibich, H., Kotroni, V., de Brito, M.M., Llasat, M.C., Llasat-Botija, M., Macdonald, N., Mercuri, M., Papagiannaki, K., Pereira, S., ?eho?, J., Rossello Geli, J., Salvati, P., Vinet, F., Zêzere, J.L., 2021, EUFF 2.0 (European Flood Fatalities database) 1980-2020,
2021,
Abstract
Banca dati delle vittime da piena dal 1980 al 2020 in 12 aree Europee (Cyprus; ...
Banca dati delle vittime da piena dal 1980 al 2020 in 12 aree Europee (Cyprus; Czech Republic; Germany; Greece; Israel; Italy; Portugal; Turkey; United Kingdom; the Spanish regions of Balearic Islands and Catalonia, and the Mediterranean regions of South France).
Bruzzano river mouth damage due to meteorological events
Canale, Caterina; Barbaro, Giuseppe; Foti, Giandomenico; Petrucci, Olga; Besio, Giovanni; Barillà, Giuseppina Chiara, 2021, Bruzzano river mouth damage due to meteorological events,
International journal of river basin management (2021). doi_10.1080/15715124.2021.1901725,
DOI: 10.1080%2F15715124.2021.1901725
Abstract
The Italian territory, due to its geomorphological and climatic characteristics, is particularly prone to hydrogeological ...
The Italian territory, due to its geomorphological and climatic characteristics, is particularly prone to hydrogeological instability phenomena such as flash floods, river floods, sea storms and coastal erosion. These phenomena are particularly relevant due to the considerable Italian coastline, of about 8300 km in length, and to the presence of many rivers. The most critical aspects of these phenomena are observed in the case of concurrent events. The paper describes an event of hydrogeological instability which occurred in 2015 in Bruzzano Zeffirio, a town in southern Ionian Calabria. The event consisted of both a flood, which caused the flooding of the Bruzzano river, a torrential river, and a sea storm. The joint action of both phenomena may have also caused the collapse of the highway bridge and of the railway bridge, both located near the river mouth. The paper analyses the possible correlations between this event and the geomorphological and climatic characteristics of the study area. It represents a pilot study on the conditions that favour the contemporaneity between floods and sea storms and can be extended to other territories with the same characteristics. Also, this study can be used by a local administrator to plan and manage these territories.
IMERG-based meteorological drought analysis over Italy
Caloiero T.; Caroletti G.N.; Coscarelli R., 2021, IMERG-based meteorological drought analysis over Italy,
Climate (Basel) On line 9 (2021). doi_10.3390/cli9040065,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fcli9040065
Abstract
The Mediterranean region is an area particularly susceptible to water scarcity and drought. In this ...
The Mediterranean region is an area particularly susceptible to water scarcity and drought. In this work, drought has been analyzed in Italy using multiple timescales of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) evaluated from the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement product from 2000 to 2020. In particular, drought characteristics (severity, duration, and intensity) have been estimated by means of the run theory applied to the SPI values calculated in 3325 grid points falling within the Italian territory. Results clearly indicate that although a high number of drought events has been identified for the short timescale, these events present a lower duration and lesser severity than the long-timescale droughts. The main outcomes of this study, with the indication of the spatial distribution of the drought characteristics in Italy, allow identifying the areas that could also face water stress conditions in the future, thus requiring drought monitoring and adequate adaptation strategies.
A sub-regional approach to the influence analysis of teleconnection patterns on precipitation in Calabria (southern Italy)
Giulio N. Caroletti, Roberto Coscarelli, Tommaso Caloiero, 2021, A sub-regional approach to the influence analysis of teleconnection patterns on precipitation in Calabria (southern Italy),
International journal of climatology (2021). doi_10.1002/joc.7087,
DOI: 10.1002%2Fjoc.7087
Abstract
In this study, the problem of determining, with an adequate statistical significance,
the relationship between teleconnection ...
In this study, the problem of determining, with an adequate statistical significance,
the relationship between teleconnection pattern indices and precipitation at climatological
time scales has been addressed through a novel technique based on a
rainfall zonation, by means of creating a regional precipitation database for a
whole-region correlation approach. Pearson correlation was performed to evaluate
the mesoscale influence on precipitation in the Calabria region over the 1951-
2010 time period, by means of a database of 79 rain gauges, divided in five Rainfall
Zones (RZs) and seven teleconnection pattern indices relevant to the Mediterranean
region, searching where results were significant (significance level < 0.05)
and with an absolute correlation value higher than a prefixed threshold equal to
0.2. The Calabria region was chosen as it is located in the centre of the Mediterranean
area, which constitutes a hot spot for climate change, and because it is
equipped with a high-density, long-time series of precipitation gauge network,
recently validated and homogenized. Correlation analysis between seasonal teleconnection
indices and seasonal cumulated precipitation showed that the Western
Mediterranean Oscillation and the East Atlantic/West Russian patterns were the
most relevant teleconnections over all Calabria. Correlations of 3-month averaged
teleconnection indices versus monthly precipitation showed that the Mediterranean
and Western Mediterranean Oscillations produce most significant results
with correlation values higher than 0.2, with East Atlantic pattern a third close.
Comparison between monthly teleconnection indices and monthly cumulated precipitation
indicate that all modes of variability taken into account share a similarly
weak correlation. Comparing the rainfall zone-based study and the technique of
averaging individual stations results post-correlation, it was shown that on average
only 43% of the stations would produce useful correlations, while the novel technique
used all the valid and available station data, resulting in statistically more
robust findings.
Improving Mean Annual Precipitation Prediction Incorporating Elevation and Taking into Account Support Size
Gabriele Buttafuoco, Massimo Conforti, 2021, Improving Mean Annual Precipitation Prediction Incorporating Elevation and Taking into Account Support Size,
Water (Basel) 13 (2021): 830. doi_10.3390/w13060830,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fw13060830
Abstract
Accounting for secondary exhaustive variables (such as elevation) in modelling the spatial distribution of precipitation ...
Accounting for secondary exhaustive variables (such as elevation) in modelling the spatial distribution of precipitation can improve their estimate accuracy. However, elevation and precipitation data are associated with different support sizes and it is necessary to define methods to combine such different spatial data. The paper was aimed to compare block ordinary cokriging and block kriging with an external drift in estimating the annual precipitation using elevation as covariate. Block ordinary kriging was used as reference of a univariate geostatistical approach. In addition, the different support sizes associated with precipitation and elevation data were also taken into account. The study area was the Calabria region (southern Italy), which has a spatially variable Mediterranean climate because of its high orographic variability. Block kriging with elevation as external drift, compared to block ordinary kriging and block ordinary cokriging, was the most accurate approach for modelling the spatial distribution of annual mean precipitation. The three measures of accuracy (MAE, mean absolute error; RMSEP, root-mean-squared error of prediction; MRE, mean relative error) have the lowest values (MAE = 112.80 mm; RMSEP = 144.89 mm, and MRE = 0.11), whereas the goodness of prediction (G) has the highest value (75.67). The results clearly indicated that the use of an exhaustive secondary variable always improves the precipitation estimate, but in the case of areas with elevations below 120 m, block cokriging makes better use of secondary information in precipitation estimation than block kriging with external drift. At higher elevations, the opposite is always true_ block kriging with external drift performs better than block cokriging. This approach takes into account the support size associated with precipitation and elevation data. Accounting for elevation allowed to obtain more detailed maps than using block ordinary kriging. However, block kriging with external drift produced a map with more local details than that of block ordinary cokriging because of the local re-evaluation of the linear regression of precipitation on block estimates.
Tendenze climatiche e flussi turistici_ prime analisi tratte dal Progetto europeo “INDECIS”
Roberto Coscarelli, Loredana Antronico, Francesco De Pascale, Anna Boqué Ciurana, Alba Font Barnet, Paolo A. Russo, Òscar Saladié Borraz, 2021, Tendenze climatiche e flussi turistici_ prime analisi tratte dal Progetto europeo “INDECIS”,
Turismo, Paesaggio e Beni Culturali, edited by Giuseppe Tagarelli, Francesco Torchia, pp. 275–292. roma_ ARACNE editrice, 2021,
Abstract
Nell'ambito del lavoro ci si sofferma sulle percezioni da parte degli stakeholder del Parco Nazionale ...
Nell'ambito del lavoro ci si sofferma sulle percezioni da parte degli stakeholder del Parco Nazionale della Sila (Calabria), relative alle possibili relazioni tra servizi climatici e settore turistico. I dati qualitativi, ottenuti tramite un workshop svoltosi con il coinvolgimento degli stakeholders, tramite appositi "focus groups", riguardano_ a) individuazione dei potenziali utenti delle informazioni sul clima per il settore in esame e delle modalità attraverso cui queste informazioni possano influenzare le loro decisioni e le prospettive di business; b) determinazione del valore che questi attori attribuiscono a specifiche informazioni sul clima; c) disponibilità di dati selezionati sul rendimento del settore/prodotto/destinazione.
Morphology, properties, and source of windblown sediments of the coastal dune field in the Gioia Tauro Plain, Calabria, southern Italy
Luigi Borrelli (a), Loredana Antronico (a),*, Emilia Le Pera (b), Barbara Pisano (c), Marino Sorriso-Valvo (a), 2021, Morphology, properties, and source of windblown sediments of the coastal dune field in the Gioia Tauro Plain, Calabria, southern Italy,
Catena (Cremling.) 201 (2021). doi_10.1016/j.catena.2021.105193,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.catena.2021.105193
Abstract
Geomorphological investigations coupled with sedimentological, petrographical, and SEM analyses allowed to identify, for the first ...
Geomorphological investigations coupled with sedimentological, petrographical, and SEM analyses allowed to identify, for the first time, a paleo-fixed and inland aeolian dune field in the Gioia Tauro Plain, on the Tyrrhenian side of southern Calabria (southern Italy). The aeolian landforms, extended over an area of 43 km2, are characterized
by smoothed and elongated NW-SE trending vegetation-fixed linear dunes, varying in height from a few meters up to 20 m. Forty sand samples were collected from dunes to perform laboratory analyses. Grain size analyses showed that samples are composed of unimodal coarse-grained sands (Mz = 0.820 ?), moderately sorted (? = 0.862),
positively skewed (Sk1 = 0.173) and mesokurtic (KG = 1.115). Petrographic analyses highlighted a composition dominated by quartz and minor feldspars. Modal data, and especially the high F/Q ratio and the Rg_Rs:Rm triangular plot, suggest a plutoniclastic supply from the Aspromonte Massif crystalline source rocks. SEM analyses
of sand grains clearly displayed the presence of typical wind-generated features mainly represented by rounded form with low relief, bulbous edges, and dish-shaped depressions. These results combined with morphological analyses showed that these aeolian deposits fall into the category of sand sheets. Furthermore,
geological and geoarchaeological data evidenced that dune field was formed in the time interval between ~28 ka and the VI - IV century B.C. The dune filed formation has been interrupted presumably by the combined effect of Holocene tectonics, along the Gioia Tauro-San Ferdinando normal fault, and the lowering of sea level, during the
Last Glacial period, originating a natural barrier to windblown sand particles. The findings of the paper will help in understanding both inland aeolian products in southern Europe associated to the second colder phase of the Last Glacial period in the Mediterranean area and the complex patterns of spatial and temporal distribution, as well as the control factors determining preservation of the aeolian sediments throughout the rock record.
Geomorphic effects caused by heavy rainfall in the Corigliano-Rossano area (NE Calabria, Italy) on 12 August 2015
Rago V.; Lupiano V.; Chiaravalloti F.; Chiodo G.; Gabriele S.; Pellegrino A.D.; Terranova O.G.; Iovine G., 2021, Geomorphic effects caused by heavy rainfall in the Corigliano-Rossano area (NE Calabria, Italy) on 12 August 2015,
Journal of maps 17 (2021): 280–289. doi_10.1080/17445647.2020.1867248,
DOI: 10.1080%2F17445647.2020.1867248
Abstract
The surroundings of Corigliano and Rossano (NE Calabria) were damaged by a short-lasting and localized ...
The surroundings of Corigliano and Rossano (NE Calabria) were damaged by a short-lasting and localized rainstorm on 12 August 2015, when more than 230 mm of rain in sixteen hours caused damage exceeding 100 million euros. In the Map, shallow landslides triggered by the event are shown at 1_50,000 scale, together with areas affected by soil erosion and flooding, and most damaged sites; historical landslides are also mapped. The main slope-stability controlling factors are mapped at 1_200,000 scale, and an event-based geomorphological landslide inventory of the most damaged sector (Citrea basin) is provided at 1_10,000 scale. Isohyets (cumulative over 16 h), as obtained by interpolating rain-gauge and weather-radar data by Kriging techniques, are shown together with the density of event landslides. Estimated rain maxima (ca. 506 mm in 16 h) by far overcome measured ones, and ground effects well fit the sectors heavily stricken by the storm.
Morphological changes detection of a large earthflow using archived images, lidar-derived dtm, and uav-based remote sensing
Conforti M.; Mercuri M.; Borrelli L., 2021, Morphological changes detection of a large earthflow using archived images, lidar-derived dtm, and uav-based remote sensing,
Remote sensing (Basel) 13 (2021): 1–25. doi_10.3390/rs13010120,
DOI: 10.3390%2Frs13010120
Abstract
In mountainous landscapes, where strongly deformed pelitic sediments outcrop, earthflows can dominate denudation processes and ...
In mountainous landscapes, where strongly deformed pelitic sediments outcrop, earthflows can dominate denudation processes and landscape evolution. This paper investigated geological and geomorphological features and space-time evolution over a 65-year time span (1954-2019) of a large earthflow, representative of wide sectors of the Apennine chain of southern Italy. The landslide, with a maximum length of 1.85 × 10 m, affects an area of 4.21 × 10 m and exhibits two source zones_ a narrow and elongated transport zone and a lobate accumulation zone. Spatial and temporal morphological changes of the earthflow were assessed, comparing multi-source and multi-temporal data (aerial photographs, Google Earth satellite images, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) system data). Geomorphic changes, quantified using Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) of differences, highlighted an extensive lowering of the topographic surface in the source area and a significant uplift at the landslide toe. Moreover, the multi-temporal analysis showed a high increase of landslide surface (more than 66%) during the last 65 years. The volumetric analyses showed that different sectors of the earthflow were active at different times, with different rates of topographic change. Overall, the used approach highlighted the great potentiality of the integration of multi-source and multi-temporal data for the diachronic reconstruction of morphological landslide evolution.
Taking into account change of support when merging heterogeneous spatial data for field partition
G. Buttafuoco, R. Quarto, F. Quarto, M. Conforti, A. Venezia, C. Vitti, A. Castrignanò, 2021, Taking into account change of support when merging heterogeneous spatial data for field partition,
Precision agriculture (Print) 22 (2021): 586–607. doi_10.1007/s11119-020-09781-9,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs11119-020-09781-9
Abstract
The paper describes a geostatistical approach for combining multi-source data with different support for field ...
The paper describes a geostatistical approach for combining multi-source data with different support for field delineation into homogeneous soil zones. It takes into account change of support explicitly given the critical influence of spatial resolution on the statistical characteristics of estimates. Geophysical and hyperspectral data were used in combination with soil chemical properties measured in the laboratory on 50 samples collected in a field cropped with Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, L. cv San Marzano). The approach consisted in performing Gaussian anamorphosis with support correction, multi-collocated block cokriging and factorial block cokriging to jointly analyse all data. Two regionalised factors at different spatial scales were retained to split the field into homogeneous zones for site-specific management. The results emphasize the impact of spatial scale on site-specific management.
Full integration of geomorphological, geotechnical, A-DInSAR and damage data for detailed geometric-kinematic features of a slow-moving landslide in urban area
Peduto D.; Santoro M.; Aceto L.; Borrelli L.; Gullà G., 2021, Full integration of geomorphological, geotechnical, A-DInSAR and damage data for detailed geometric-kinematic features of a slow-moving landslide in urban area,
Landslides (Berl., Print) (2021): 807–825. doi_10.1007/s10346-020-01541-0,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs10346-020-01541-0
Abstract
The reconnaissance, mapping and analysis of kinematic features of slow-moving landslides evolving along medium-deep sliding ...
The reconnaissance, mapping and analysis of kinematic features of slow-moving landslides evolving along medium-deep sliding surfaces in urban areas can be a difficult task due to the presence and interactions of/with anthropic structures/infrastructures and human activities that can conceal morphological signs of landslide activity. The paper presents an integrated approach to investigate the boundaries, type of movement, kinematics and interactions (in terms of damage severity distribution) with the built environment of a roto-translational slow-moving landslide affecting the historic centre of Lungro town (Calabria region, southern Italy). For this purpose, ancillary multi-source data (e.g. geological-geomorphological features and geotechnical properties of geomaterials), both conventional inclinometer monitoring and innovative non-invasive remote sensing (i.e. A-DInSAR) displacement data were jointly analyzed and interpreted to derive the A-DInSAR-geotechnical velocity (DGV) map of the landslide. This result was then cross-compared with detailed information available on the visible effects (i.e. crack pattern and width) on the exposed buildings along with possible conditioning factors to displacement evolution (i.e. remedial works, sub-services, etc.). The full integration of multi-source data available at the slope scale, by maximizing each contribution, provided a comprehensive outline of kinematic-geometric landslide features that were used to investigate the damage distribution and to detect, if any, anomalous locations of damage severity and relative possible causes. This knowledge can be used to manage landslide risk in the short term and, in particular, is propaedeutic to set up an advanced coupled geotechnical-structural model to simulate both the landslide displacements and the behavior of interacting buildings and, therefore, to implement appropriate risk mitigation strategies over medium/long period.
Floods and sea storms_ Analysis of contemporaneity conditions in Calabria, Italy
Canale, Caterina; Barbaro, Giuseppe; Foti, Giandomenico; Petrucci, Olga; Besio, Giovanni; Fiamma, Vincenzo; Chiara Barillà, G.; Puntorieri, Pierfabrizio; Bruzzaniti, Lucia, 2020, Floods and sea storms_ Analysis of contemporaneity conditions in Calabria, Italy,
Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering 11524 (2020). doi_10.1117/12.2571215,
DOI: 10.1117%2F12.2571215
Abstract
The anthropization of many territories observed in the last decades has caused an increase in ...
The anthropization of many territories observed in the last decades has caused an increase in waterproof surfaces, with alterations of the hydrological cycle. The soil waterproofing reduces hydrological losses by increasing surface runoffs, with the same atmospheric event. Also, the climate changes significantly affect the atmospheric events that generate intense rainfall and sea storms and the major consequences are observed in the case of concomitant events. Generally, in the scientific literature floods and sea storms are studied and analyzed separately. Most of the research mainly focuses on the effects generated on the territory rather than on the analysis of the causes that favor the concurrence of these events. Vulnerable territories such as the Italian and Calabrian ones can be affected by these events. The paper analyzes the conditions that favor the contemporaneity between floods and sea storms, focusing mainly on the geo-morphological and climatic aspects of the Calabrian territory, and in particular of the metropolitan city of Reggio Calabria, which, due to its geomorphological and climatic characteristics, it is subject to concurrent events.
ANALYSIS OF FLOODS AND STORMS_ CONCURRENT CONDITIONS
Canale, Caterina; Barbaro, Giuseppe; Petrucci, Olga; Fiamma, Vincenzo; Foti, Giandomenico; Barilla, Giuseppina Chiara; Puntorieri, Pierfabrizio; Minniti, Francesca; Bruzzaniti, Lucia, 2020, ANALYSIS OF FLOODS AND STORMS_ CONCURRENT CONDITIONS,
Italian journal of engineering geology and environment (Testo stamp.) 20 (2020): 23–29. doi_10.4408/IJEGE.2020-01.S-03,
DOI: 10.4408%2FIJEGE.2020-01.S-03
Abstract
L'antropizzazione del territorio che ha caratterizzato gli ultimi decenni ha causato un incremento delle superfici ...
L'antropizzazione del territorio che ha caratterizzato gli ultimi decenni ha causato un incremento delle superfici impermeabili, con conseguenti ripercussioni sul ciclo idrologico. In particolare, l'impermeabilizzazione del suolo riduce le perdite idrologiche aumentando i deflussi superficiali, a parità di evento atmosferico. Inoltre, i cambiamenti climatici attualmente in atto influiscono in modo significativo sulla circolazione atmosferica e, quindi, sugli eventi atmosferici che generano precipitazioni intense e mareggiate. Nella letteratura scientifica, alluvioni e mareggiate sono quasi sempre studiate e analizzate separatamente. Invece, le maggiori criticità si osservano nel caso di eventi concomitanti ma la maggior parte delle ricerche svolte finora si concentra principalmente sugli effetti prodotti sul territorio piuttosto che sull'analisi delle cause che favoriscono la concomitanza degli eventi. Territori vulnerabili come quelli italiani e calabresi possono risentire maggiormente degli effetti di tali eventi, la cui frequenza e variabilità spaziale e temporale incrementa i possibili rischi. La memoria analizza le condizioni che favoriscono la contemporaneità tra alluvioni e mareggiate, soffermandosi principalmente sugli aspetti geo-morfologici e climatici del territorio calabrese, ed in particolare della città metropolitana di Reggio Calabria, che, per le sue caratteristiche geomorfologiche e climatiche, può favorire la contemporaneità tra mareggiate ed alluvioni. L'area oggetto di studio si trova nella parte meridionale della Calabria. Tale regione ha una forma stretta e lunga con prevalenza di montagne e colline e con poche pianure (nell'area in esame è presente quella di Gioia Tauro). La Calabria ha una notevole estensione costiera, con circa 750 km di coste (220 dei quali appartenenti all'area di studio) che si affacciano su due mari, Ionio ad Est (soggetto a venti e perturbazioni provenienti prevalentemente da Scirocco e Levante) e Tirreno ad Ovest (soggetto a venti e perturbazioni provenienti prevalentemente da Maestrale). A causa di tale conformazione morfologica, una percentuale elevata di rilievi montuosi è situata a breve distanza dalla costa per cui numerosi corsi d'acqua sono caratterizzati da bacini idrografici di piccola estensione, con pendenze elevate e con bassi tempi di corrivazione. Tali corsi d'acqua sono denominati "fiumare" ed hanno regime idrologico torrentizio, con lunghi periodi secchi e con piene improvvise ed impetuose. La maggior parte dei suoli adiacenti le fiumare è caratterizzato da bassa permeabilità, con conseguente riduzione delle perdite idrologiche. Tutti questi fattori contribuiscono ad incrementare il rischio idraulico. Dal punto di vista costiero, sia il Mar Ionio che il Mar Tirreno sono caratterizzati da grande variabilità spaziale dei fetch geografici, con alcune direzioni (le stesse da cui arrivano le perturbazioni sopra citate) in cui i fetch sono dell'ordine di 500-1000 km. Pertanto, anche il rischio di inondazione costiera assume notevole importanza ed il verificarsi in contemporanea di alluvioni e mareggiate può avere notevoli ripercussioni sul territorio. La contemporaneità delle alluvioni e delle mareggiate è stata analizzata prendendo in esame i dati contenuti in due database. Il primo è quello dell'Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche di Cosenza (CNR-IRPI), che fornisce informazioni sugli eventi di dissesto idrogeologico avvenuti in Calabria negli ultimi secoli. In dettaglio, il database contiene data, localizzazione e descrizione dell'evento e dei relativi danni, raggruppati per comune. Il secondo database è quello del MeteOcean del Dipartimento DICCA dell'Università di Genova che fornisce dati ondosi e climatici dell'intero Mar Mediterraneo (scomposto in una griglia a maglia quadrata di 10 km per lato) degli ultimi 40 anni, dal 1979 al 2019, ricostruiti a partire dai dati del Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR). In dettaglio, il database contiene, ad intervalli orari e per ciascun punto, altezze significative, periodi medio e di picco, lunghezze d'onda, velocità del vento alla quota di 10 m e direzioni di provenienza del moto ondoso e del vento. Nell'area di studio è stata osservata una elevata contemporaneità, pari al 97%, nella macro-area ionica mentre nella macro-area tirrenica la contemporaneità è minore, 73%, ma sempre rilevante. Questo studio rappresenta uno studio pilota che può essere esteso in altri territori geomorfologicamente e climaticamente simili all'area oggetto di studio (per esempio Liguria, Basilicata, Sicilia etc.). Lo studio è di notevole interesse nel campo della pianificazione e gestione delle aree costiere, soprattutto in prossimità delle foci fluviali ed in presenza di centri abitati ed infrastrutture. Infatti, le foci fluviali rappresentano i territori maggiormente vulnerabili in presenza di alluvioni e mareggiate concomitanti. The geomorphological characteristics and the seismic, landslide and erosive dynamism of the Italian territory, meant studies on the hydrogeological risk were necessary. Floods and sea storms, combined with anthropic factors, are causes of instability. Under particular climatic, geographical and geomorphological conditions, these events occur simultaneously, increasing their effects. Reggio Calabria, a metropolitan city in the south of Italy, is located in a particularly complex context. The city is flanked by the Tyrrhenian Sea and by the Ionian Sea. The territory is exposed to the risk of intense sea storms. Moreover, the torrential nature of the rivers and intense rainfall favour the formation of floods. This paper analyse the conditions that favour the concurrence between floods and sea storms in the territory of Reggio Calabria. This analysis can be extended to other areas with characteristics that are similar to those of Reggio Calabria.
Analysis of the concurrent conditions of floods and sea storms_ A case study of crotone, italy
Canale, Caterina; Barbaro, Giuseppe; Petrucci, Olga; Besio, Giovanni; Foti, Giandomenico; Barillà, Giuseppina Chiara; Puntorieri, Pierfabrizio, 2020, Analysis of the concurrent conditions of floods and sea storms_ A case study of crotone, italy,
WIT transactions on engineering sciences (Online) 129 (2020): 147–156. doi_10.2495/RISK200131,
DOI: 10.2495%2FRISK200131
Abstract
The considerable anthropogenic pressure that has occurred since the second half of the last century ...
The considerable anthropogenic pressure that has occurred since the second half of the last century has increased the vulnerability of coastal areas to the effects of natural events such as floods and sea storms, especially if these events occur simultaneously. This paper analyses the conditions that favour the concurrence of floods and sea storms through a case study near Crotone, a city in southern Italy on the Ionian Sea. The study area has a coastal extension of about 34 km, is characterized by typical rivers called "fiumare" and has been hit by several events of concurrent floods and sea storms. The conditions that favour the concurrence of floods and sea storms are mainly related to geomorphologic and climatic factors. Among these latter factors, atmospheric pressure is very important. Indeed the formation of low-pressure areas is the cause of atmospheric disturbances which can affect both the sea and the coast causing heavy rains and intense sea storms. The analysis was divided into two phases. In the first, the concurrence between floods and sea storms was verified. In the second phase, the possible correlations between the main factors involved were identified_ the rainfall heights, the maximum significant wave heights and the atmospheric pressure variations observed during each atmospheric disturbance. The analysis showed that the rainfall heights and the maximum significant wave heights, that are both generally independent factors, are related to a common factor, the atmospheric pressure. This result is useful in predicting concurrent events. Indeed, by predicting atmospheric pressure variations, it is possible to estimate the expected rainfall height and the expected maximum significant wave height. The methodology described in this paper can be extended to other areas with geomorphologic and climatic characteristics that are similar to those of Crotone.
FRANE TIPIZZATE IN ROCCE GNEISSICHE_ RILEVANZA E STATO DELL’ARTE
Giovanni Gullà, Luigi Borrelli, Luigi Aceto, 2020, FRANE TIPIZZATE IN ROCCE GNEISSICHE_ RILEVANZA E STATO DELL’ARTE,
Tecniche per la Difesa del Suolo e dall'Inquinamento, pp. 213–227, Guardia Piemontese, 2020,
Abstract
. Le frane e la loro conoscenza, essenziale per progettare gli interventi che concorrono alla ...
. Le frane e la loro conoscenza, essenziale per progettare gli interventi che concorrono alla gestione del rischio, presentano notevoli complessità e richiedono un impegno rilevante di tempo e di risorse. L'analisi sistematica dei risultati di studi su frane rappresentative in contesti geo-ambientali e sociali omogenei consente di individuare "famiglie" di frane tipizzate costituite da due o più frane che presentano un adeguato numero di elementi caratteristici simili (geomateriali, profondità massima, velocità caratteristiche, ecc.). Il metodo proposto nella nota consente una comprensione più rapida dei meccanismi di frana riconducibili ad una famiglia di frane tipizzate e, ancora, di trasferire e utilizzare le conoscenze dal singolo versante, all'area vasta ed all'analisi regionale in maniera circolare ed efficace. La diffusione delle rocce metamorfiche in Calabria, gneissiche in particolare, e il profondo grado di alterazione che le caratterizza, le espone ad un'elevata suscettibilità alle frane. In tale scenario, il metodo proposto ed i risultati che fornisce costituiscono utili strumenti per la definizione di efficaci strategie di intervento per
l'adattamento, la mitigazione e la riduzione del rischio da frana. Utilizzando risultati relativi ad aree e siti oggetto di studi interdisciplinari, sono illustrati nella nota gli elementi di frana tipizzati con i livelli di analisi considerati (regionale, su area vasta e di dettaglio). La discussione dei risultati delinea la praticabilità del percorso proposto e conferma l'utilità a sviluppare l'approccio, con i dovuti approfondimenti e le necessarie precisazioni, per altri contesti geoambientali. Si rileva, in conclusione, come la disponibilità di frane tipizzate consente su area vasta di pianificare le priorità degli interventi e di programmare al meglio l'utilizzo delle risorse disponibili, mentre per il singolo versante permette di massimizzare le conoscenze a parità di risorse disponibili e, quindi, di garantire una maggiore sostenibilità socio-economica degli interventi nel medio-lungo termine. Gli elementi tipizzati con livello di analisi regionale indirizzano, infine, la scelta di aree di studio rappresentative di particolari possibili condizioni di rischio.
Climate Change and Social Perception_ A Case Study in Southern Italy
Antronico, Loredana; Coscarelli, Roberto; De Pascale, Francesco; Di Matteo, Dante, 2020, Climate Change and Social Perception_ A Case Study in Southern Italy,
Sustainability (Basel) 12 (2020). doi_10.3390/su12176985,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fsu12176985
Abstract
The consequences of climate change can involve various ambits and be very severe. For this ...
The consequences of climate change can involve various ambits and be very severe. For this reason, the social perception of climate change is a fundamental issue since it can influence the decisions of the policymakers, by encouraging or discouraging political, economic and social actions. In this paper, a sample of 300 interviews, collected through a standardized questionnaire and carried out among two municipalities located in southern Italy, was exploited to investigate the perception of climate change. Specific issues, regarding perceptions about climate change, concerns about its impacts, level of information, behavior and actions, exposure to extreme natural events and trust, were addressed to give answers to the research questions_ (i) Is climate change perceived by the population? (ii) What is the degree of the community resilience to extreme natural events and climate change? As the main findings, this survey highlighted that the spatio-temporal dimension affects population perception, suggesting that some issues, such as correct behavior towards the geosphere, the sustainability of anthropization processes, community resilience and disaster risk reduction policies, can be very central and useful to mitigate the effects of climate change in population and society. Moreover, climate change perception varies in relation to contextual factors, including media communication, socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, knowledge and education, economic and institutional factors, personal values and, finally, psychological factors and experience.
A homogeneous dataset for rainfall trend analysis in the Calabria Region (Southern Italy)
Caloiero T.; Filice E.; Coscarelli R.; Pellicone G., 2020, A homogeneous dataset for rainfall trend analysis in the Calabria Region (Southern Italy),
Water (Basel) 12 (2020). doi_10.3390/w12092541,
DOI: 10.3390%2Fw12092541
Abstract
In order to investigate the tendency in rainfall amount in Calabria (southern Italy), in this ...
In order to investigate the tendency in rainfall amount in Calabria (southern Italy), in this work, monthly rainfall series were first tested for homogeneity and then a trend analysis was performed. In particular, a homogenization approach based on the Climatol method was applied to homogenize monthly climatological series. Then, the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and the Theil-Sen estimator were applied to evaluate the presence of trends and their significance in the monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall series. Moreover, the trend slopes were further evaluated with a linear regression analysis. At the annual scale, results evidenced a decreasing trend mainly in the north-eastern part of the region. At the seasonal scale, a spatial distributed negative trend in winter, and a positive trend in summer, mainly localized in the north-western part of the region, were identified. Finally, on a monthly scale negative trends spreading across the region were detected in January and December, with an opposite behavior in July and especially in September, when almost the entire region presented a positive trend.
Interventi non strutturali nella filiera per la gestione del rischio_ la percezione sociale e la comunicazione del rischio geo-idrologico secondo gli esperti nel caso studio di Maierato (Calabria meridionale, Italia)
Antronico L., De Pascale F., Coscarelli R., Gullà G., 2020, Interventi non strutturali nella filiera per la gestione del rischio_ la percezione sociale e la comunicazione del rischio geo-idrologico secondo gli esperti nel caso studio di Maierato (Calabria meridionale, Italia),
Geologia dell'ambiente Supplemento al n. 1/2020 (2020): 213–217.,
Abstract
La gestione del rischio, in emergenza e in condizioni ordinarie, si può schematizzare secondo una ...
La gestione del rischio, in emergenza e in condizioni ordinarie, si può schematizzare secondo una filiera che utilizza l'adattamento, la mitigazione e la riduzione del rischio, perseguibili con interventi strutturali e non strutturali variamente combinati. Filo conduttore del percorso delineato è la valutazione della pericolosità dei fenomeni e/o degli eventi,
su area vasta e su singolo versante. Fra gli interventi non strutturali assumono un ruolo di rilievo il monitoraggio - specialmente se condotto nell'ambito di laboratori in sito - e il coinvolgimento delle comunità che vivono nelle aree a rischio. In particolare, il coinvolgimento della popolazione risulta essenziale per conseguire i risultati più efficaci possibili nella gestione del rischio stesso. Tutti concordano, infatti, nell'affermare che un'adeguata informazione e consapevolezza dei cittadini sull'esposizione al rischio, nonché un'educazione al rischio stesso, siano fondamentali per attuare mirate strategie di intervento. Infatti, se la popolazione non è sufficientemente consapevole ed informata dei pericoli naturali a cui è esposta, difficilmente adotterà misure che ne possano ridurre gli impatti negativi. Se da una parte, quindi, è importante che una comunità sia informata e consapevole dell'esposizione ai pericoli naturali, risulta ancora più importante che gli amministratori locali siano consapevoli del grado di conoscenza della popolazione da loro amministrata al fine di stabilire politiche adeguate. Inoltre, comprendere come il pubblico percepisce il rischio risulta cruciale nel determinare il modo di diffondere informazioni appropriate allo scopo di aumentare la fiducia della popolazione nelle autorità e, in questo modo, migliorare la capacità pubblica di rispondere a eventi estremi e aumentare la resilienza delle persone. Scienziati e politici spesso concordano sul fatto che il pubblico ha la tendenza a reagire emotivamente o soggettivamente alla complessità e spesso non è in grado di apprezzare la natura incerta complessa delle questioni ambientali. Il pubblico, d'altro canto, tende, molte volte, a criticare gli esperti (scienziati e responsabili politici) per l'utilizzo di un linguaggio tecnico inaccessibile e per non fornire risposte chiare e complete. Questi rilievi evidenziano le difficoltà di interlocuzione che esistono tra il pubblico e gli esperti e la necessità di migliorare la comunicazione del rischio da parte degli esperti. Partendo da questa riflessione, si è
ritenuto opportuno svolgere nel febbraio 2018 un'indagine sulla percezione del rischio frana da parte della popolazione di
Maierato, cittadina in provincia di Vibo Valentia, coinvolta il 15 febbraio 2010 da un evento franoso ad elevato impatto ambientale e socio-economico. Al termine di questa indagine si è aggiunta l'esigenza di realizzare delle interviste semi-strutturate, coinvolgendo altresì gli esperti cioè gli attori politici locali e i responsabili tecnici e di Protezione Civile del comune in carica nel periodo in cui si è verificato l'evento franoso del 2010 e i soggetti che rivestivano tali incarichi alla data dell'indagine e cioè otto anni dopo l'evento. Questa esigenza è nata dalla necessità di conoscere il punto di vista di amministratori e tecnici locali sulla gestione dell'emergenza del 2010, sul recupero e la riabilitazione, sulla percezione e consapevolezza del rischio della popolazione e sugli interventi di prevenzione, preparazione e adattamento che si
inseriscono nel quadro degli interventi non strutturali utili alla mitigazione del rischio.
Landslide risk perception, social vulnerability and community resilience_ The case study of Maierato (Calabria, southern Italy)
Antronico L.; De Pascale F.; Coscarelli R.; Gullà G., 2020, Landslide risk perception, social vulnerability and community resilience_ The case study of Maierato (Calabria, southern Italy),
International journal of disaster risk reduction 46 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101529,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.ijdrr.2020.101529
Abstract
Community resilience is the ability of people exposed to disasters, crises and underlying vulnerabilities, to ...
Community resilience is the ability of people exposed to disasters, crises and underlying vulnerabilities, to anticipate, to prepare for, to reduce the impact of, to cope with and to recover from the effects of shocks and stresses without compromising their long-term prospects. In February 2010, the town of Maierato (Calabria, southern Italy) was hit by a large landslide, which radically changed the morphology of the territory and produced an important social and economic impact. The aim of this paper is to deal with the concepts of social vulnerability and community resilience, within the framework of the landslide risk governance and the perception of the risk. Survey was conducted by means of a structured questionnaire interviewing 200 adults. Results, analyzed by means of qualitative methods with the support of descriptive statistics, highlighted several important remarks. Globally, this case study indicates that urgent actions should be taken to reduce disaster-risk such as_ improving citizens' understanding of disaster management, reinforcing risk governance to improve disaster management, investing in risk mitigation and programs fostering adaptation and resilience, improving emergency planning strategies.
Investigating the Susceptibility to Failure of a Rock Cliff by Integrating Structure-from-Motion Analysis and 3D Geomechanical Modelling
Michele Perrotti, Danilo Godone, Paolo Allasia, Marco Baldo, Nunzio Luciano Fazio, Piernicola Lollino, 2020, Investigating the Susceptibility to Failure of a Rock Cliff by Integrating Structure-from-Motion Analysis and 3D Geomechanical Modelling,
Remote sensing (Basel) (2020). doi_10.3390/rs12233994,
DOI: 10.3390%2Frs12233994
Abstract
Multi-temporal UAV and digital photo surveys have been acquired between 2017 and 2020 on a ...
Multi-temporal UAV and digital photo surveys have been acquired between 2017 and 2020 on a coastal cliff in soft rocks in South-Eastern Italy for hazard assessment and the corresponding point clouds have been processed and compared. The multi-temporal survey results provide indications of a progressive deepening process of erosion and detachment of blocks from the mid-height portion of the cliff, with the upper stiffer rock stratum working provisionally as a shelf against the risk of general collapse. Based on the DEM model obtained, a three-dimensional geomechanical finite element model has been created and analyzed in order to investigate the general stability of the cliff and to detect the rock portions which are more susceptible to failure. Concerning the evolving erosion process, active in the cliff, the photogrammetric analyses and the modeling simulations result in agreement and a proneness to both local and general instabilities has been achieved.
RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITO DI_ PISCIOTTA (KM 70)
G. IOVINE
con la collaborazione di C. BRUNO, D. DISTILO, V. LUPIANO, V. RAGO, 2020, RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITO DI_ PISCIOTTA (KM 70),
2020,
Abstract
Il rapporto riporta in estratto quanto proposto nella consulenza tecnico-scientifica
per la "Caratterizzazione geologico-tecnica e monitoraggio ...
Il rapporto riporta in estratto quanto proposto nella consulenza tecnico-scientifica
per la "Caratterizzazione geologico-tecnica e monitoraggio evolutivo lungo la linea "Battipaglia - Reggio
Calabria", tra km70+200 e km 70+396, di supporto all'adozione di provvedimenti innovativi di mitigazione
e alla realizzazione di interventi di riduzione del rischio geo-idrologico - 5^ Fase", nell'ambito di quanto
previsto dal Protocollo d'Intesa tra RFI e CNR IRPI siglato il 14-15 maggio 2014 (prot. CNR
IRPI n.1554).
Analysis of the characteristics of dry and wet spells in a Mediterranean region
Caloiero T.; Coscarelli R., 2020, Analysis of the characteristics of dry and wet spells in a Mediterranean region,
Environmental processes (Print) 7 (2020): 691–701. doi_10.1007/s40710-020-00454-3,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs40710-020-00454-3
Abstract
Climate change could increase the risk of future hydrological extremes over large regional areas and ...
Climate change could increase the risk of future hydrological extremes over large regional areas and trigger further pressure on water resource availability. In this study, the overall characteristics of dry and wet spells during a 56-year period (1951-2006) were analysed in the Calabria region (southern Italy), considering both yearly and seasonal scales. In particular, the mean and maximum lengths of dry/wet spells, the number of dry and wet spells with different lengths, and the contribution of dry/wet spells with different lengths to the total number of dry/wet days have been investigated. The results showed similar behaviour of both dry and wet spells in the spatial distribution of the mean lengths, with a difference between the two opposite sides (Ionian and Tyrrhenian) of the region. In fact, mean values ranging between 6 and 8 days, and higher than 8 days have been detected on the Tyrrhenian and on the Ionian side, respectively. The results regarding the maximum values of the lengths show much higher values of dry spells than the wet ones, and different temporal distributions throughout the year. In particular, with respect to dry spells, in autumn the maximum lengths reached values higher than 200 days, while the longest wet spells have been identified in winter, with a maximum value of 44 consecutive days with rain. The outcomes of this study can be useful for both water resources (with respect to the dry sequences) and risk reduction (regarding the wet spells) management.
TRMM-based rainfall temporal analysis over Italy
Caloiero, T.; Caroletti, G. N.; Coscarelli, R., 2020, TRMM-based rainfall temporal analysis over Italy,
SN Applied Sciences 2 (2020). doi_10.1007/s42452-020-3075-7,
DOI: 10.1007%2Fs42452-020-3075-7
Abstract
Rainfall is an irregular phenomenon showing large spatial variability. Unfortunately, spatially distributed data are not ...
Rainfall is an irregular phenomenon showing large spatial variability. Unfortunately, spatially distributed data are not always available, because rain gauge networks are not continuously dense and adequately distributed, and they provide only point measurements. In this work, the temporal variability of rainfall in Italy has been investigated using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission monthly product for the period 1998-2018. Within this aim, more than 650 grid points falling within the Italian territory have been selected. In order to evaluate the presence of trends and their significance, the monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall series were analysed at each grid point with the Mann-Kendall nonparametric test and the Theil-Sen estimator. The broad extension of the area under investigation allowed a better understanding of rainfall trend patterns over space. At annual scale, results evidenced few relevant trends, either positive or negative, involving central Italy (negative trend) and southern Italy (positive trend). A similar trend behaviour has been identified, at seasonal scale, in autumn, with a clear spatial difference between the north and the south of Italy, in winter for the negative trend and in spring for the positive one. In summer, only few grid points in central Italy showed a significant increasing trend.
Assessment of seasonal and annual rainfall trend in Calabria (southern Italy) with the ITA method
Caloiero T.; Coscarelli R.; Ferrari E., 2020, Assessment of seasonal and annual rainfall trend in Calabria (southern Italy) with the ITA method,
Journal of hydroinformatics (Print) 22 (2020): 738–748. doi_10.2166/hydro.2019.138,
Abstract
In this paper, an investigation on the temporal variability of seasonal and annual rainfall in ...
In this paper, an investigation on the temporal variability of seasonal and annual rainfall in the Calabria region (southern Italy) has been carried out using a homogeneous and gap-filled monthly rainfall dataset of 129 rain gauges in the period 1951-2006. In particular, possible trends have been assessed by means of the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) technique, which allows to identify trend in the low, medium and high values of a series. Moreover, the results obtained with the ITA have been compared with the ones obtained with the Mann-Kendall test. These analyses have been performed in five Rainfall Zones (RZs) of the study area, characterised by different climatic conditions. As a result, both the methods evidenced a negative trend of the annual rainfall in the entire study area. At seasonal scale, this negative tendency has been confirmed in autumn and winter even though with some differences among the several RZs.
Combining stochastic models of air temperature and vapour pressure for the analysis of the bioclimatic comfort through the Humidex
Sirangelo B.; Caloiero T.; Coscarelli R.; Ferrari E.; Fusto F., 2020, Combining stochastic models of air temperature and vapour pressure for the analysis of the bioclimatic comfort through the Humidex,
Scientific reports (Nature Publishing Group) 10 (2020). doi_10.1038/s41598-020-68297-4,
DOI: 10.1038%2Fs41598-020-68297-4
Abstract
Several studies evidenced the importance of the knowledge of the bioclimatic comfort for improving people's ...
Several studies evidenced the importance of the knowledge of the bioclimatic comfort for improving people's quality of life. Temperature and relative humidity are the main variables related to climatic comfort/discomfort, influencing the environmental stress in the human body. In this study, a stochastic approach is proposed for characterizing the bioclimatic conditions through the Humidex values in six sites of Calabria (southern Italy), a region often hit by heat waves in summer months. The stochastic approach is essential, because the available time series of temperature and relative humidity are not long enough and present several missing values. The model allowed the characterization of sequences of extreme values of the Humidex. Results showed different behaviours between inner and coastal stations. For example, a sequence of 20 consecutive days with maximum daily Humidex values greater than 35 has a return period ranging from 10 to 20 years for the inner stations, while it exceeds 100 years for the coastal ones. The maximum yearly Humidex values for the inner stations have a larger range (40-50) than the coastal ones (38-45), reaching higher occurrence probabilities of serious danger conditions. Besides, the different influence of temperature and relative humidity on the Humidex behaviour has been evidenced.
RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITO DI_ FRANCICA (KM 292).
GIULIO IOVINE - con la collaborazione di C. BRUNO, D. DISTILO (1), C. GRECO (2), V. LUPIANO, V. RAGO, 2020, RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITO DI_ FRANCICA (KM 292).,
2020,
Abstract
report di sopralluogo su sito minacciato da dissesto lungo linea ferroviaria, per suggerimento di indagini ...
report di sopralluogo su sito minacciato da dissesto lungo linea ferroviaria, per suggerimento di indagini e azioni di mitigazione
RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITI DI_ CELLE DI BULGHERIA (KM 80), CELLE DI BULGHERIA (KM 82), PISCIOTTA (KM 70).
GIULIO IOVINE - con la collaborazione di C. BRUNO, C. GRECO (1), V. LUPIANO, V. RAGO, 2020, RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITI DI_ CELLE DI BULGHERIA (KM 80), CELLE DI BULGHERIA (KM 82), PISCIOTTA (KM 70).,
2020,
Abstract
report di sopralluogo su siti minacciati da dissesto per impostare studi e monitoraggio per la ...
report di sopralluogo su siti minacciati da dissesto per impostare studi e monitoraggio per la mitigazione
A multidisciplinary approach to investigate weathering processes affecting gneissic rocks (Calabria, southern Italy)
Biondino, Deborah; Borrelli, Luigi; Critelli, Salvatore; Muto, Francesco; Apollaro, Carmine; Coniglio, Sabrina; Tripodi, Vincenzo; Perri, Francesco, 2020, A multidisciplinary approach to investigate weathering processes affecting gneissic rocks (Calabria, southern Italy),
Catena (Cremling.) 187 (2020). doi_10.1016/j.catena.2019.104372,
DOI: 10.1016%2Fj.catena.2019.104372
Abstract
The paper focuses on the weathering processes affecting gneissic rocks of the western Sila Grande ...
The paper focuses on the weathering processes affecting gneissic rocks of the western Sila Grande Massif (Calabria, Italy) through the development of an interdisciplinary research based on field studies and investigations, minero-petrographical analyses and geochemical modeling. Both physical and chemical weathering affect gneissic rocks of the study area, where the combination of tectonic and past climatic conditions played an important key role in the development of complex and deep weathering profiles. Field surveys and cut slope analyses highlight articulated and complex geometric relationships between various classes of weathering (i.e., out-of-sequence weathering horizons giving rise to a partial, or even complete inversion of the "normal" weathering profile). The weathering profile has turned out particularly intense, as classes IV, V and VI are widespread. Among the class VI, the colluvial soils are prominent in comparison whit the residual soils. Borehole logs, that confirm the intensity and complexity of weathering profiles in deep, allow to estimate the presence of weathered rocks to be at least 70 m in thicknesses.
UAV and Structure from Motion Approach to Monitor the Maierato Landslide Evolution
Danilo Godone, Paolo Allasia, Luigi Borrelli, Giovanni Gullà, 2020, UAV and Structure from Motion Approach to Monitor the Maierato Landslide Evolution,
Remote sensing (Basel) (2020).,
Abstract
In February 2010 a large landslide affected the Maierato municipality (Calabria, Italy). The landslide, mainly ...
In February 2010 a large landslide affected the Maierato municipality (Calabria, Italy). The landslide, mainly caused by a period of prolonged and intense rainfalls, produced a mass displacement of about 5 million m³ and several damages to farmlands, houses and infrastructures. In the aftermath several conventional monitoring actions were carried out. In the current post emergency phase, the monitoring was resumed by carrying out unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) flights in order to describe the recent behavior of the landslide and to assess residual risk. Thanks to the potentialities of the structure from motion algorithms and the availability of post emergency reconnaissance photos and a previous 3D dataset, the three-dimensional evolution of the area was computed. Moreover, an experimental multispectral flight was carried out and its results supported the interpretation of local phenomena. The dataset allowed to quantify the elevation losses and raises in several peculiar sectors of the landslide. The obtained results confirm that the UAV monitoring and the structure from motion approach can effectively contribute to manage residual risk in the medium and long term within an integrated geotechnical monitoring network.
RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITI DI_ NICOTERA (KM 56), FRANCICA (KM 292), VIBO VALENTIA MARINA (KM 281)
GIULIO IOVINE - con la collaborazione di V. RAGO, C. GRECO (1), 2019, RELAZIONE DI SOPRALLUOGO – SITI DI_ NICOTERA (KM 56), FRANCICA (KM 292), VIBO VALENTIA MARINA (KM 281),
2019,
Abstract
report inerente sopralluoghi su siti da sottoporre a indagini e monitoraggio lungo la linea ferroviaria ...
report inerente sopralluoghi su siti da sottoporre a indagini e monitoraggio lungo la linea ferroviaria
SITO RFI_ PISCIOTTA – KM 70. Rapporto finale.
GIULIO IOVINE - con la collaborazione di S. GABRIELE, V. BASILE (1), C. BRUNO, D. DISTILO (2), D. D'ONOFRIO, V. LUPIANO, F. MUTO (3), V. RAGO, 2019, SITO RFI_ PISCIOTTA – KM 70. Rapporto finale.,
2019,
Abstract
Report conclusivo di progetto inerente studi e monitoraggio di un sito in frana lungo la ...
Report conclusivo di progetto inerente studi e monitoraggio di un sito in frana lungo la ferrovia
Lidar and UAV system data to analyse recent morphological changes of a small drainage basin
Borrelli, Luigi; Conforti, Massimo; Mercuri, Michele, 2019, Lidar and UAV system data to analyse recent morphological changes of a small drainage basin,
ISPRS international journal of geo-information 8 (2019). doi_10.3390/ijgi8120536,
Abstract
In this paper, the preliminary results of an integrated geomorphological study carried out in a ...
In this paper, the preliminary results of an integrated geomorphological study carried out in a 1.6 ha catchment area located on the eastern side of the Crati River valley (northern Calabria, South Italy) have been presented. An orthophoto and shaded relief map of the study catchment, obtained by 288 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, integrated with field geomorphological surveys have been used to produce a detailed map of landslides and water erosion phenomena. The study area is characterized by active morphodynamic processes that result in the occurrence of water erosion phenomena and several landslides. In particular, 29 slides and 37 earth slides that evolve into earth flows have been recognized. Spatial and temporal development of geomorphic processes (erosion/depletion and sedimentation/accumulation) have affected the catchment area in the last seven years. Indeed, the comparison between light detection and ranging digital terrain models (LiDAR-DTM) of 2012 and UAV-DTM of 2019 showed depletion values between -0.01 and -5.76 m, with a mean value of -0.96 m; whereas for the accumulation the mean value is 0.94 m, with a maximum thickness of the deposited material of about 2.98 m. The results obtained highlight the usefulness of the methodology to provide detailed information on geomorphic processes and related short-term landscape development in a small drainage basin.
Historical Damaging Events On Watercourse Crossings_ An Analysis In Southern Italy
Giuseppe Esposito (1), Olga Petrucci (1), Stefano Luigi Gariano (2), Ivan Marchesini (2), Paola Reichenbach (2), 2019, Historical Damaging Events On Watercourse Crossings_ An Analysis In Southern Italy,
AGU Fall Meeting 2019, San Francisco, California, 09-13/12/2019,
Abstract
Urbanization of mountainous areas characterized by rough morphology implies the construction of road networks intersecting ...
Urbanization of mountainous areas characterized by rough morphology implies the construction of road networks intersecting the drainage streams by means of bridges, culverts, or low water crossings. Historical data on the occurrence of damage caused by floods or sediment-laden flows are a key element for the identification of critical road sections prone to future impacts with geo-hydrological processes.
In this contribution, we present a database of historical information on geo-hydrological damaging events affecting road and railway networks in correspondence of watercourse crossings in the Calabria region, southern Italy. This region is characterized by a rugged orography, steep slopes, and few plains, resulting in a large number of small drainage basins, high relief energy, and remarkable river bed load. Here, during extreme weather periods, the road network is the most frequently and intensely damaged element. Direct damage consists in breakage of road sectors and bridges, often affecting people travelling. Indirect damage involves the effects on society, which result in a loss of revenue and tourism, and increased times and costs from longer driving distances due to road blockages.
The database has been built using the typical historical data sources as chronicles, diaries, historical books, local and regional agencies, press archives, scientific papers, and documents of Civil Protection offices. It includes spatial and temporal information on more than six hundred events of breakage or damage to watercourse crossings on several types of road and railway, occurred in the region from 1902 to 2016.
We analyzed the historical records identifying the affected municipalities and basins, and generating descriptive statistics on data. Furthermore, we analyzed the geomorphometric properties of the basins subtended by the points representing the locations of the damaging events, in order to search for relationships between the basins features and damage, and to characterize all the other basins subtended by each road crossing in the region. Such analysis and related results can be useful for regional infrastructural planning and emergency response, or as a framework of those critical points that either must be monitored during floods or needing reinforcement works.
Un sistema integrato multicomponente per il monitoraggio smart di bacini ad elevato Rischio Idrogeologico_ il progetto SMoRI
Roberto De Donato, Loredana Antronico, Francesco Aristodemo, Elenio Avolio, Claudia R. Calidonna, Roberto Coscarelli, Rocco Dominici, Roberto Gaudio, Francesco Perri, Luca Petraglia, Fabio Scarciglia,
Gaetano Scarnati, 2019, Un sistema integrato multicomponente per il monitoraggio smart di bacini ad elevato Rischio Idrogeologico_ il progetto SMoRI,
Congresso Nazionale della Federazione italiana delle Associazioni Scientifiche per le Informazioni Territoriali e Ambientali (ASITA 2019), Trieste, 12-14/11/2019,
Abstract
Il progetto SMoRI (Smart Monitoring per il controllo di bacini ad elevato Rischio
Idrogeologico), cofinanziato nell'ambito ...
Il progetto SMoRI (Smart Monitoring per il controllo di bacini ad elevato Rischio
Idrogeologico), cofinanziato nell'ambito del POR CALABRIA FESR-FSE 2014-
2020, si prefigge di realizzare un sistema integrato di monitoraggio dei diversi
fenomeni che possono determinare il rischio idrogeologico, attraverso un
approccio multidisciplinare, coniugando know-how specialistico e le nuove
tecnologie inerenti il Cloud Computing e l'IoT (Internet of Things). Al fine di
realizzare un sistema prototipale integrato di monitoraggio del rischio
idrogeologico, il progetto ha previsto lo sviluppo di una metodologia
multicomponente innovativa di monitoraggio ambientale, applicabile su scala di
bacino idrografico e nel relativo tratto costiero alimentato. SMoRI integra,
infatti, i dati provenienti da "sensori a terra" con gli output di modelli
previsionali atmosferici (Modulo Meteo), di modelli idrologici (Modulo Idraulica
fluviale e costiera) e di analisi geologiche e morfologiche (Modulo Suolo), in
modo da riprodurre scenari storici di franosità dei versanti, fenomeni di tipo
idraulico, con conseguenti esondazioni dei corsi d'acqua ed elevata
produzione/trasporto di materiale solido, fenomeni di tipo marittimo. I Moduli
Meteo e Suolo si basano sull'utilizzo di centraline meteorologiche di superficie e
sulla ricostruzione microclimatica, mediante modellistica atmosferica riferita a
periodi passati, ed effettuano una analisi comparata fra caratteristiche
pluviometriche e microclimatiche e i quantitativi mobilizzati in passato sui
versanti, in occasione di eventi pluviometrici particolarmente intensi e/o
prolungati, visualizzando scenari storici di franosità dei versanti e effettuando
stime delle quantità di sedimenti prodotti, sia per processi erosivi sia per
instabilità superficiali. Il Modulo Suolo, inoltre, permette di calcolare
produzione/trasporto di sedimento a scala di bacino (celle 250m x 250m),
361
mediante l'utilizzo del plug-in YES. YES utilizza dati vettorializzati
meteoclimatici, resistenza geolitologica, di uso del suolo e dei processi
geomorfologici, acquisiti sul terreno ed in laboratorio e tarati attraverso misure
di ridistribuzione del suolo (erosione/accumulo), lungo i versanti, mediante
isotopi da fall-out e calcoli idraulici. Il Modulo Suolo consente così di definire
indici di produzione di sedimenti, in relazione a parametri meteoclimatici,
litologici, d'uso del suolo, di pendenza dei versanti, ecc.
Il Modulo di Idraulica fluviale e costiera si basa sull'applicazione di procedure
automatizzate di trasformazione afflussi-deflussi (HEC-HMS), e di formule
empiriche per il trasporto solido, opportunamente tarate in laboratorio, anche
per il tramite di un sistema embedded costituito da una piccola rete di sensori
idrofonici. Il modulo permette la stima delle portate, liquida e solida, dei corsi
d'acqua, con particolare attenzione a quelle sezioni più vicine ad aree
antropizzate. L'utilizzo di traccianti artificiali e naturali può consentire anche la
ricostruzione dei percorsi di trasporto del materiale solido. Inoltre, partendo
dalla ricostruzione del clima meteomarino estremo al largo e sottocosta, legato
a eventi di mareggiata, marea e pressione atmosferica sul mare, e dalla
propagazione del moto ondoso tramite il modello spettrale SWAN, il Modulo
permette la stima dell'evoluzione a breve termine del profilo di spiaggia attiva,
attraverso il modello idromorfodinamico XBeach, e la stima del trasporto solido
costiero a livello trasversale. La variazione della linea di riva, a lungo termine,
viene stimata attraverso il modello ad una linea GENCADE. Il sistema SMORI
permette anche di implementare moduli per il monitoraggio dei movimenti di
versante (tempi, profondità, velocità), in stretta correlazione con le piogge
registrate, e tramite sensori di tipo geotecnico, collegati al Cloud in real time.
La metodologia multicomponente è stata quindi implementata all'interno di un
sistema software complesso multisensore IoT con metodologia OMT.
L'infrastruttura tecnologica prevede_ protocolli di comunicazione e di sicurezza
per reti di sensori ambientali e geo-idrologici; modellazione delle componenti
software di un sistema complesso multi sensore IoT; sistemi Cloud in modalità
Smart Objects; protocollo di fruizione di un sistema di stazioni IoT
multicomponenti da Cloud in modalità multicanale; protocollo di comunicazione
tra Cloud Multi-Federato e Smart Objects; protocollo di sicurezza e affidabilità
per lo storage su Cloud "Multi-Federato" per lo scenario di riferimento. E' stato
anche realizzato un GIS in grado sia di gestire la diversità di informazioni
presenti (geometriche, topologiche, informative), sia di implementare
funzionalità di analisi spaziale e basi di dati. Un sistema di business
intelligence, inoltre, implementa i moduli di analisi dei dati raccolti. Per tarare,
calibrare e validare l'intero sistema, è stato selezionato, sulla base delle
caratteristiche geomorfologiche, idrologiche, idrauliche, e delle implicazioni
sulle dinamiche costiere, il bacino del Fiume Aron, ubicato nel territorio di
Cetraro (CS). Si tratta di un'area rappresentativa dell'intero settore nordoccidentale
della Calabria, dove la presenza di numerosi insediamenti antropici
e di infrastrutture, può determinare, in caso di eventi pluviometrici intensi e/o
prolungati, scenari complessi di rischio (rischio frana, esondazione, costiero).
SMoRI, nato da una efficace sinergia fra mondo aziendale e comunità
scientifica, potrà essere applicato, con una adeguata taratura, su altri bacini ed
essere di grande utilità nella prevenzione e previsione del rischio idrogeologico.
EUropean Flood Fatalities (EUFF) database 1980-2018
Petrucci O., Aceto L., Bianchi C., Bigot V., Brázdil R., Pereira S., Inbar M., Kahraman A., K?l?ç O., Kotroni V., Llasat M.C., Llasat-Botija M., Mercuri M., Papagiannaki K., Pasqua A.A., ?eho? J., Rossello-Geli J., Salvati P., Vinet F., Zêzere J.L., 2019, EUropean Flood Fatalities (EUFF) database 1980-2018,
2019,
Abstract
EUropean Flood Fatalities (EUFF) database 1980-2018 ...
EUropean Flood Fatalities (EUFF) database 1980-2018
Special Issue_ Damaging Hydrogeological Events
Autori Vari, 2019, Special Issue_ Damaging Hydrogeological Events,
Basel: MDPI AG, 2019,
Abstract
Damaging Hydrogeological Events (DHE) are periods of severe weather conditions affecting wide areas for several ...
Damaging Hydrogeological Events (DHE) are periods of severe weather conditions affecting wide areas for several days, during which landslides, floods, storm surges, hail, wind and lightning can cause huge damage and victims. The exponential growth of DHE that occurred worldwide in the last few decades may be related to the increasing frequency and magnitude of natural dangerous phenomena, as a direct consequence of climate change, thus demanding deep understanding of events development, interaction with urbanisation and management procedures allowing to mitigate damage.
This Special Issue of Water aims to analyse all the types of phenomena causing damage during these events (landslides, floods, storm surges, wind ect.), either singularly or in the complex framework of cascading effects that characterise some DHE (i.e. landslide blooking river couse). The focus can be either on metereological framework preceding the events or on the difficult recognition of the effects and damage of the events. Within this aim, interdisciplinary original research articles highlighting new ideas, study approaches and innovations allowing efficient forecasting and management of DHE are welcomed.
Operatività dei Contesti Territoriali
olga petrucci, 2019, Operatività dei Contesti Territoriali,
Protezione civile_ verso una governance più forte per la riduzione del rischio, Regione Calabria, Cittadella Regionale, Catanzaro, 29/10/2019,
Abstract
sintesi delle attività svolte dai ricercatori IRPI nell'ambito del PON GOVERNANCE_ CARATTERIZZAZIONE DEI CONTESTI TERRITORIALI ...
sintesi delle attività svolte dai ricercatori IRPI nell'ambito del PON GOVERNANCE_ CARATTERIZZAZIONE DEI CONTESTI TERRITORIALI e CASO DI STUDIO_ GESTIONE DELL'EVENTO ROSSANO 2015 A SCALA DI CONTESTO TERRITORIALE
Data from https://intranet.cnr.it/people/
